Frederick Charles, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön

Frederick Charles of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön (August 4, 1706, in Sønderborg – October 18–19, 1761, in Traventhal), known as Friedrich Karl or Friedrik Carl of Holstein-Plön, was a member of a cadet branch of the Danish royal family and the last duke of the Duchy of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön (or Holstein-Plön), a Danish royal prince, and a knight of the Order of the Elephant. When he died without a male heir born of his marriage to Countess Christine Armgard von Reventlow, rule of the Duchy of Holstein-Plön returned to the Danish crown.

Frederick Charles, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön
Frederick Charles of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön, mid-18th-century engraving
Born(1706-08-04)4 August 1706
Sønderborg castle
Died19 October 1761(1761-10-19) (aged 55)
Traventhal
Noble familyHouse of Oldenburg
Spouse(s)Christine Ermegaard Reventlow
FatherPrince Christian Charles of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön-Norburg
MotherDorothea Christina von Aichelberg

Early life

Frederick Charles was born on August 4, 1706, at Sønderborg castle, the posthumous and only son of Christian Charles (1674-1706), a brother of Duke Joachim Frederick of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön. That duke died in 1722 without closer male heirs than his nephew, who in time succeeded his uncle as partitioned-off duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön.

Frederick Charles's accession was delayed until 1729 because his father had contracted a morganatic marriage with his mother, Dorothea Christina von Aichelberg, who was recognised as a Danish princess by the King only years after her husband's death.[1]

The Baroque ruler
The gardens of Plön Castle at the time of Frederick Charles, 1749.

Plön enjoyed a vibrant cultural life under Frederick Charles's rule and artistic patronage. The duke designed, built, and rebuilt residences and gardens in the baroque and rococo styles, some of which still stand (the ducal Plön Castle and the so-called "Princes' House" in Plön among them). Others no longer exist (of particular note is the ducal summer residence in Traventhal, demolished in the nineteenth century).

As no son born of Frederick Charles's marriage survived, in 1756 he concluded a family pact with Frederick V of Denmark, naming the king his successor to the duchy of Plön. The provisions were reified just five years later, when Frederick Charles died, at his little palace in Traventhal, in the night of October 18–19, 1761.

Family
Frederick Charles, his wife, his three younger daughters, his mother, and a servant in the garden of Schloss Traventhal, 1759.

Frederick Charles had six children from his marriage with Countess Christine Armgard von Reventlow (1711-1779), a daughter of the Danish general Christian Detlev, Count von Reventlow, and niece of the Danish queen consort Anne Sophie von Reventlow, who, as his mother, had been born into a non-dynastic noble family:[2]

Additionally, Frederick Charles had children by two mistresses: by Sophie Agnes Olearius, with whom he conducted a six-year liaison, six daughters; and by his maîtresse-en-titre, Maria Catharina Bein, sister of the court chamberlain, three sons (two of whom died childless) and two daughters (one of whom died in childhood), all of whom the duke recognized and legitimated, and on whom (or their mothers) he bestowed lands, titles, and money.[3]

Ancestry

References
  1. Huberty, Michel; Giraud, Alain; Magdelaine, F. et B. (1994). L'Allemagne Dynastique, Tome VII, Oldenbourg. France: Laballery. pp. 85, 110, 125, 151–153. ISBN 2-901138-07-1.
  2. Huberty, Michel; Giraud, Alain; Magdelaine, F. et B. (1994). L'Allemagne Dynastique, Tome VII, Oldenbourg. France: Laballery. pp. 85, 110, 151–153, 169. ISBN 2-901138-07-1.
  3. Heide Besse, "Willst du dein Herz mir schenken -- Friedrich Carl von Sonderburg-Plön und die Frauen", in Jahrbuch fuer Heimatkunde im Kreis Plön; Plön, Germany: Arbeitsgemeinschaft fuer Heimatkunde im Kreis Plön e.V.; Volume 30 (2000), pages 47-64. Dirck W. Storm, The Holstein Steinholzes: Their Origin and Descent; privately published monograph [2008]; passim.

Bibliography
  • Carsten Porskrog Rasmussen, Elke Imberger, Dieter Lohmeier, & Ingwer Momsen, Die Fürsten des Landes: Herzöge und Grafen von Schleswig, Holstein und Lauenburg; Neumünster, Germany: Wachholtz Verlag, 2008.
  • Traugott Schulze & Gerd Stolz, Die Herzogszeit in Plön, 1564-1761; Husum, Germany: Husum Verlag, 1983.
  • Dirck W. Storm, The Holstein Steinholzes: Their Origin and Descent; privately published monograph [2008].
  • William Addams Reitwiesner, "The Ancestry of Duke Frederick of Schleswig-Holstein (1829-1880)" (<http://wargs.com/royal/danneskjold.html>, accessed August 9, 2018).
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