Deșteaptă-te, române!
"Deșteaptă-te, române!" ("Awaken Thee, Romanian!"; Romanian pronunciation: [deʃˈte̯aptəte roˈmɨne] ⓘ) is the national anthem of Romania and former national anthem of Moldova.
| English: Awaken thee, Romanian! | |
|---|---|
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National anthem of Romania Former national anthem of Moldova | |
| Also known as | Un răsunet (English: An echo) |
| Lyrics | Andrei Mureșanu, 1848 |
| Music | Anton Pann, 1848 |
| Adopted | 1917 (Moldavian Democratic Republic)[1] 1990 (Romania) 1991 (Moldova) |
| Relinquished | 1918 (Moldavian D.R.) 1994 (Moldova) |
| Preceded by | Trei culori Anthem of the Moldavian SSR (by the Moldavian SSR) |
| Succeeded by | Limba noastră (by Moldova) |
| Audio sample | |
U.S. Navy Band instrumental version (two verses, with repeats of the last two lines of each)
| |
The lyrics were composed by Andrei Mureșanu (1816–1863), and the music was popular (it was chosen for the poem by Gheorghe Ucenescu, as most sources say).[2] It was written and published during the 1848 revolution, initially with the name "Un răsunet" ("An echo"), as a lyrical response to Vasile Alecsandri's poem "Către Români" ("To Romanians"), later known as "Deșteptarea României" ("The Awakening of Romania"), from which Mureșanu took inspiration for many of the themes and motifs of his own lyrics, a fact that is reflected in the overall similarity between the two poems. The original text was written in the Romanian Cyrillic alphabet. It was first sung in late June in the same year in the city of Brașov, on the streets of the Șcheii Brașovului neighborhood[3] and it became immediately the revolutionary anthem.
Since then, this patriotic song has been sung during all major Romanian conflicts, including during the 1989 anti-communist revolution. After the revolution, it became the national anthem on 24 January 1990, replacing the communist-era national anthem "Trei culori" ("Three colours").
29 July, the "National Anthem Day" (Ziua Imnului național), is an annual observance in Romania.[4]
The anthem was also used on various solemn occasions in the Moldavian Democratic Republic during its brief existence between 1917 and 1918.[1] Between 1991 and 1994, "Deșteaptă-te, române!" was the national anthem of Moldova before it was subsequently replaced by the current Moldovan anthem, "Limba noastră" ("Our language").
History
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The melody was originally a sentimental song called "Din sânul maicii mele" composed by Anton Pann after hearing the poem.[5] In 1848 Andrei Mureșanu wrote the poem Un răsunet and asked Gheorghe Ucenescu, a Șcheii Brașovului Church singer, to find him a suitable melody.[5] After Ucenescu sang him several lay melodies, Mureșanu chose Anton Pann's song instead.
First sung during the uprisings of 1848, "Deșteaptă-te române!" became a favourite among Romanians and it has seen play during various historical events, including as part of Romania's declaration of independence from the Ottoman Empire during the Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878), and during World War I. The song received particularly heavy radio broadcast in the days following Romanian coup d'état of 23 August 1944, when Romania switched sides, turning against Nazi Germany and joining the Allies in World War II.
After the Communist Party abolished the monarchy on 30 December 1947, "Deșteaptă-te române!" and other patriotic songs closely associated with the previous regime were outlawed. Nicolae Ceaușescu's government permitted the song to be played and sung in public, but it was not given state recognition as the national anthem of the Socialist Republic of Romania.
The song was officially adopted as the national anthem on 24 January 1990, shortly after the Romanian Revolution of December 1989.[6][7]
The overall message of the anthem is a "call to action"; it proposes a "now or never" urge for change present in many national anthems like the French revolutionary song "La Marseillaise" – hence why Nicolae Bălcescu called it the "Romanian Marseillaise".
Another anthem
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"Hora Unirii" ("Hora of the Union"), written by poet Vasile Alecsandri (1821–1890), which was sung a great deal on the occasion of the Union of the Principalities (1859) and on other occasions. "Hora Unirii" is sung on the Romanian folk tune of a slow but energetic round dance joined by the whole attendance (hora).
Lyrics
Romania's national anthem has eleven stanzas. Today, only the first, second, fourth, and last are sung on official occasions, as established by Romanian law. At major events such as the National Holiday on 1 December, the full version is sung, accompanied by 21-gun salute when the President is present at the event.
Romanian official
| Romanian original[8] | Original orthography (1848)[9][10] | IPA transcription[lower-alpha 1] | English translation |
|---|---|---|---|
I |
I |
1 |
I |
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Other versions
Note that, in accordance with Romanian law, there are no official translations of the anthem.
| Russian version[21][22] (used by Lipovans) |
|---|
Отбрось оковы, сердце румынского народа, |
See also
- "Limba noastră", national anthem of Moldova
- "Dimãndarea pãrinteascã", ethnic anthem of the Aromanians
Notes
- See Help:IPA/Romanian and Romanian phonology.
- Sometimes sung as soartă [ˈso̯ar.tə].[11][12][13]
- Sometimes written în [ɨn].[14][15][16]
- In Moldova, it was La patria române [la pa.tri.a ro.ˈmɨ.ne] ("The Romanian fatherland").[17]
- Sometimes sung as iară [ˈja.rə].[18][19][20]
- The text refers to a member of the Romanian-origin Corvin family (either John or Matthias)
References
- Andrieș-Tabac, Silviu (2008). "Simbolurile Republicii Democratice Moldovenești (1917-1918). Interpretări semantice". Tyragetia (in Romanian). 2 (2): 291–294.
- The anthem's history Archived July 22, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
- Vasile Oltean - Imnul Național Deșteaptă-te, române!, Ed. Salco, Brașov, 2005, ISBN 973-87502-1-0
- "Romania - Deșteaptă-te, române!". nationalanthems.me. Retrieved 2011-11-08.
- "Cazimir: "Mie îmi place Trăiască Patria!"". Adevărul (in Romanian). October 4, 2011. Retrieved September 10, 2014.
- "Cum a devenit "Deșteaptă-te, române!" imnul național al României". Digi24 (in Romanian). 5 May 2018.
- Pădurean, Bianca (21 June 2018). "Pagina de istorie: Povestea cântecului "Deșteaptă-te, române!" și cum a devenit el "Marseilleza românilor"". RFI România (in Romanian).
- "Imnul național". Ministerul Apărării Naționale. Archived from the original on 2012-02-22. Retrieved 2022-02-26.
- http://dragusanul.ro/category/arhivele-bucovinene-ale-sufletului/page/34/ Arhivele Bucovinene ale Sufletului. Dragusanul.ro - Part 34. dragusanul.ro.
- Mureșanu Andrei, 21 June 1848. РъсȢnет. Фоаіе пеnтрȢ minтe, inimъ ші лiтератȢръ (Foaiе pentru minte, inimă și literatură). Brașov, România. Volume 25, p. 200.
- "Imnul de stat al României "Deşteaptă-te române"". Romanian Naval Forces. Retrieved 2022-02-26.
- Bonnot, Marion Le Roy Dagen, Xavier-Marie (2020-04-13). Copilul si dictatorul. Humanitas SA. p. 41. ISBN 978-973-50-6830-1.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Ella Gondos (2019-11-30). "Imnul National Desteapta-te Romane - Academia de Talente "Ella Gondos" & Marcel Pavel". YouTube. Archived from the original on 2022-05-01. Retrieved 2022-02-26.
- Romanian Panorama. Foreign Languages Press Group "Romania". 1995. p. 17.
- Wertsman, Vladimir (2002). Romanians in the United States and Canada: A Guide to Ancestry and Heritage Research. HeritageQuest. p. 223. ISBN 978-1-931488-87-7.
- Neamțu, Gelu (1997). În America pentru unirea Transilvaniei cu România (in Romanian). S.C. "Dagerom Impex" S.R.L. p. 287. ISBN 978-973-98025-2-9.
- "Anthem of Moldova 1991 - 1994 (Deșteaptă-te, române!)". YouTube. Archived from the original on 2021-12-11.
- "Singurul gurean, veteran de război, în viaţă: "Vreau să mai trăiesc până în august, să mai joc o dată"" [The only Guru, a war veteran, alive: "I want to live until August, to play once more"]. www.tribuna.ro (in Romanian). Retrieved 2022-02-26.
- criss4000 (2009-12-10). "Imnul Romaniei (Romanian Anthem)". YouTube. Archived from the original on 2022-04-30. Retrieved 2022-02-26.
- Corul Madrigal (2018-11-30). "Imnul Național "Deșteaptă-te române!" - Corul "Madrigal - Marin Constantin" și Cantus Mundi". YouTube. Archived from the original on 2022-04-30. Retrieved 2022-02-26.
- ГИМН РУМЫНИИ
- Перевод Марии Шалаевой. https://fangysmile.diary.ru/p184058284.htm.
External links
- Romania: Deșteaptă-te, române! – Audio of the national anthem of Romania, with information and lyrics (archive link)
- "The President of Romania". presidency.ro.
- Romania: Deșteaptă-te, române! – Video with scores and authentic video material of the Romanian revolution 1989 of the national anthem of Romania, with information in description and Creative Commons resources for Download in description (archive link)
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