Edwin Sandys (bishop)

The Most Reverend

Edwin Sandys
The Most Reverend; Edwin Sandys
Archbishop of York
Installed	1576
Term ended	1588
Predecessor	Edmund Grindal
Successor	John Piers
Other post(s)	Bishop of Worcester; (1559–1570); Bishop of London; (1570–1576)
Personal details
Born	c. 1519; Esthwaite Hall
Died	10 July 1588
Buried	Southwell Minster
Spouse	Mary Sandys; Cecily Wilford
Alma mater	St John's College, Cambridge

Edwin Sandys (/ˈsændz/; 1519 – 10 July 1588) was an English prelate. He was Anglican Bishop of Worcester (1559–1570), London (1570–1576) and Archbishop of York (1576–1588) during the reign of Elizabeth I of England. He was one of the translators of the Bishops' Bible.

Early years and education

Edwin was born in 1519 at Esthwaite Hall, which is 1 mile south of Hawkshead, Cumbria, on the road to Newby Bridge. The Hall nestles in the valley and overlooks Esthwaite Water. Today it is still a family home, although the Sandys family now reside in the grander Graythwaite Hall, a few miles further south. He was the son of William Sandys and Margaret Dixon.

Whilst there is a theory that young Edwin received his early education at Furness Abbey, it is believed by Collinson[1] that both Edmund Grindal and Edwin Sandys shared a childhood, quite probably in St Bees, and were educated together. A branch of the Sandys family lived at Rottington Hall near St Bees. The heralds in 1563 knew the family as"...of St Bees in the County of Cumberland", and Sandys himself recalled that he and Grindal had lived "familiarly" and "as brothers" and were only separated between Sandys's 13th and 18th Years. The St Bees registers are full of Sandys, and it thought likely that Sandys grew up at Rottington. However, his place of education is not recorded, though it is known that the Marian martyr John Bland was the schoolmaster of Sandys.[1] Edwin Sandys kept one step behind Edmund Grindal in his subsequent career, succeeding him as bishop of London, and then archbishop of York.[1]

He went up to St John's College, Cambridge, graduating BA in 1539 and then a Doctor of Divinity ten years later.[2] In 1547 he was elected master of Catharine Hall and by the death of Edward VI in 1553 he was Vice Chancellor of the university.

Exile

On the death of King Edward, the Duke of Northumberland sought to avoid a Roman Catholic monarchy by placing Lady Jane Grey on the throne. He and his followers arrived in Cambridge to raise an army in East Anglia and demanded that Edwin Sandys preach a sermon. When the rebellion failed and Mary Tudor took the throne, Edwin was arrested and taken to the Tower of London. For this he is mentioned in Foxe's Book of Martyrs.[3] Later he was moved to more comfortable conditions in Marshalsea prison where he made friends with the prison keeper who connived at his escape.

He went first to Antwerp and then Augsburg and Strasbourg where his wife joined him. His wife and infant son died there of a plague. He then lived in Zurich until the accession of Elizabeth I made it safe for him to return to England; on the day of Elizabeth's coronation. On 19 February 1559 he married Cicely Wilford, sister of James Wilford.

Archbishop of York

On his return he became successively Bishop of Worcester, Bishop of London and Archbishop of York. He helped in the translation of a new version of the Bishops' Bible. Sandys's own personal copy may be seen in the Hawkshead Grammar School Museum in Cumbria.

Memorial in Southwell Minster

Along with other Marian exiles, who returned to positions of wealth and importance, Archbishop Sandys was concerned that true religion and sound learning would forever flourish in the land. They saw the necessity of education for religion's sake and the need for the Church of England to hold their own in discussion with Roman Catholics. To these ends Edwin Sandys founded Hawkshead Grammar School in 1585 and endowed it with sufficient land and property for it to offer a free education.

Sandys died on 10 July 1588, and was buried in Southwell Minster in Nottinghamshire.

Family

Edwin Sandys and his second wife, Cicely Wilford

Sandys was twice married. His first wife, Mary Sandys, died in 1558 at Strasbourg. They had one son:[4]

James Sandys (died 1557, Strasbourg)

On 19 February 1559, Sandys married Cicely Wilford, daughter of Thomas Wilford and sister of James Wilford. They had the following children:[4]

Sir Samuel Sandys (1560–1623)
Sir Edwin Sandys (1561–1629), Treasurer of the Virginia Company of London
Sir Miles Sandys (1563–1645)
William Sandys (born 1565), died young
Margaret Sandys (1566–1611), married Anthony Aucher
Thomas Sandys (1568–c. 1634), colonist, a first settler of Jamestown, Virginia
Anne Sandys (1570–c. 1629), married Sir William Barne
Henry Sandys (1572–1626)
George Sandys (1578–1644), traveller and poet, colonist in Virginia

In 1604 Cicely Sandys enlisted the support of Anne of Denmark in an unsuccessful attempt to found a university at Ripon in Yorkshire.[5]

Family tree of Edwin Sandys, Archbishop of York

William Sandys

Edwin Sandys
(1519–1588)
Archbishop of York

Miles Sandys
(c. 1520–1601)

Baronet, 1611

Sir Samuel Sandys
(1560–1623)

Sir Edwin Sandys
(1561–1629)

also James, William,
Margaret (Aucher),
Thomas, Henry

Sir Miles Sandys
(1563–1645)

Anne Sandys
(1570–c. 1629)
m. Sir William Barne

George Sandys
(1578–1644)
poet

Sir Edwin Sandys
(c. 1564–1608)
m. Elizabeth, dau. of
William, 3rd Baron Sandys

Sir William Sandys
(1565–1641)

Sir Edwin Sandys
(1591–1623)

Henry Sandys
(c. 1607–1640)

Edwin Sandys
(d. 1642)
killed in Civil War

Sir Miles Sandys
(d. 1654)

Anne Barne
(1587–1633)
m(1) Sir William Lovelace
m(2) Jonathan Browne

Henry Sandys,
5th Baron Sandys
(d. 1644)
killed in Civil War
m. Jane, dau. of
Sir William Sandys

Sir Miles Sandys
(c. 1601–1636)

William Sandys
(c. 1607–1669)
"Waterworks"

Sir Samuel Sandys
(1615–1685)

Sir Richard Sandys
(d. 1669)

Richard Lovelace
(1617–1657)
poet

Francis Lovelace
(c. 1621–1675)
Govr. of New York

William, 6th Baron
Henry, 7th Baron
Edwin, 8th Baron

Baronet, 1684

Samuel Sandys
(c. 1637–1701)

Sir Richard Sandys
(1670–1726)

James Madison
U.S. President

Edwin Sandys
(1659–1699)

Baron Sandys, 1743

Samuel Sandys,
1st Baron Sandys
(1695–1770)
Chancellor of the Exchequer

Edwin Sandys,
2nd Baron Sandys
(1726–1797)

Martin Sandys
(1729–1768)

Baron Sandys, 1802

Mary Sandys,
1st Baroness Sandys
(1764–1836)
m. Arthur Hill, 2nd
Marquess of Downshire

Marquesses of Downshire
Barons Sandys

Disambiguation pages: Edwin Sandys · Henry Sandys · Miles Sandys · Samuel Sandys
See also: Marquesses of Downshire family tree

References

Patrick Collinson – "Archbishop Grindal 1519–1583 The struggle for a reformed church" 1979 ISBN 0-224-01703-9
"Sandys, Edwin (SNDS519E)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
Foxe J, Actes and Monuments of these Latter and Perillous Days, Touching Matters of the Church' (Foxe's Book of Martyrs)
"Edwin Sandys (Archbishop of York)". Tudor Place. Retrieved 1 October 2019.
Francis Peck, Desiderata Curiosa, vol. 1 (London, 1779), p. 290.

Archbold, W. A. J. (1897). "Sandys, Edwin (1516?-1588)" . In Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 50. London: Smith, Elder & Co.

External links

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[collinson-1] Patrick Collinson – "Archbishop Grindal 1519–1583 The struggle for a reformed church" 1979 ISBN 0-224-01703-9

[2] "Sandys, Edwin (SNDS519E)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.

[3] Foxe J, Actes and Monuments of these Latter and Perillous Days, Touching Matters of the Church' (Foxe's Book of Martyrs)

[TudorPlace-4] "Edwin Sandys (Archbishop of York)". Tudor Place. Retrieved 1 October 2019.

[5] Francis Peck, Desiderata Curiosa, vol. 1 (London, 1779), p. 290.

Bishops of Worcester
Early medieval	Bosel Oftfor Egwin of Evesham Wilfrith (I) Milred Waermund Tilhere Heathured Denebeorht Heahbeorht Ealhhun Werferth Æthelhun Wilfrith (II) Koenwald Dunstan Oswald Ealdwulf
High medieval	Wulfstan (I) Leofsige Beorhtheah Lyfing Ælfric Puttoc Lyfing Ealdred Wulfstan (II) Samson Theulf Simon John de Pageham Alured Roger Baldwin of Forde William of Northall Robert FitzRalph Henry de Sully John of Coutances Mauger Randulf of Evesham Walter de Gray Sylvester William de Blois Walter de Cantilupe Nicholas of Ely Godfrey Giffard
Late medieval	John St German William Gainsborough Walter Reynolds Walter Maidstone Thomas Cobham Wulstan Bransford Adam Orleton Simon Montacute Thomas Hemenhale Wulstan Bransford John of Thoresby Reginald Brian John Barnet William Whittlesey William Lenn Walter Lyghe Henry Wakefield Robert Tideman of Winchcombe Richard Clifford Thomas Peverel Philip Morgan Thomas Polton Thomas Brunce Thomas Bourchier John Carpenter ("Bishop of Worcester and Westbury") John Alcock Robert Morton Giovanni de' Gigli
Early modern	Silvestro de' Gigli Girolamo Ghinucci Hugh Latimer John Bell Nicholas Heath John Hooper, Bishop of Worcester and Gloucester Nicholas Heath Richard Pate Edwin Sandys Nicholas Bullingham John Whitgift Edmund Freke Richard Fletcher Thomas Bilson Gervase Babington Henry Parry John Thornborough John Prideaux Episcopacy abolished (Commonwealth) George Morley John Gauden John Earle Robert Skinner Walter Blandford James Fleetwood William Thomas Edward Stillingfleet William Lloyd John Hough Isaac Maddox James Johnson Brownlow North Richard Hurd
Late modern	Folliott Cornewall Robert Carr Henry Pepys Henry Philpott John Perowne Charles Gore Huyshe Yeatman-Biggs Ernest Pearce Arthur Perowne William Wilson Cash Mervyn Charles-Edwards Robin Woods Philip Goodrich Peter Selby John Inge

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Post-Augustine	Mellitus Cedd Wine Earconwald Waldhere Ingwald Ecgwulf Wigheah Eadberht Eadgar Coenwalh Eadbald Heathoberht Osmund Æthelnoth Ceolberht Deorwulf Swithwulf Heahstan Wulfsige Æthelweard Leofstan Theodred Brihthelm Dunstan Ælfstan Wulfstan Ælfhun Ælfwig Ælfweard Robert of Jumièges Spearhafoc
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Post-Reformation archbishops	Edward Lee Robert Holgate Nicholas Heath Thomas Young Edmund Grindal Edwin Sandys John Piers Matthew Hutton Tobias Matthew George Montaigne Samuel Harsnett Richard Neile John Williams Episcopacy abolished (Commonwealth) Accepted Frewen Richard Sterne John Dolben Thomas Lamplugh John Sharp Sir William Dawes Bt Lancelot Blackburne Thomas Herring Matthew Hutton John Gilbert Robert Hay Drummond William Markham Edward Venables-Vernon-Harcourt Thomas Musgrave Charles Longley William Thomson William Connor Magee William Maclagan Cosmo Lang William Temple Cyril Garbett Michael Ramsey Donald Coggan Stuart Blanch John Habgood David Hope John Sentamu Paul Ferguson (acting diocesan) Stephen Cottrell

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