Es (Cyrillic)

Es (С с; italics: С с) is a letter of the Cyrillic script.

Not to be confused with the Latin letter C or Greek Ϲ (lunate sigma).
"S (Cyrillic)" redirects here. For the Cyrillic character Ѕ, see Dze.
Cyrillic letter Es
Phonetic usage:[s]
Name (Early Cyrillic alphabet):слово
Numeric value:200
Derived from:Lunate form of Greek letter Sigma (Ϲ ϲ)
The Cyrillic script
Slavic letters
АА́А̀А̂А̄ӒБВ
ГҐДЂЃЕЕ́Ѐ
Е̄Е̂ЁЄЄ́ЖЗЗ́
ЅИІІ́ЇЇ́ꙆИ́
ЍИ̂ӢЙЈКЛЉ
МНЊОО́О̀О̂Ō
ӦПРСС́ТЋЌ
УУ́У̀У̂ӮЎӰФ
ХЦЧЏШЩꙎЪ
Ъ̀ЫЫ́ЬѢЭЭ́Ю
Ю́Ю̀ЯЯ́Я̀
Non-Slavic letters
ӐА̊А̃Ӓ̄ӔӘӘ́Ә̃
ӚВ̌ԜГ̑Г̇Г̣Г̌Г̂
Г̆Г̈ҔҒӺҒ̌Ӷ
Д́Д̌Д̈Д̣Д̆ӖЕ̃
Ё̄Є̈ҖӜӁЖ̣ҘӞ
З̌З̣З̆ԐԐ̈ӠИ̃Ӥ
ҊҚӃҠҞҜК̣Ԛ
ᴫЛ́ӅԮԒЛ̈Ӎᵸ
Н́ӉҢԨӇҤО̆О̃
Ӧ̄ӨӨ̄Ө́Ө̆ӪԤҦ
П̈Р̌ҎС̌ҪС̣С̱Т́
Т̈Т̌Т̇Т̣ҬУ̃Ӳ
У̊Ӱ̄ҰҮҮ́Х̣Х̱Х̮
Х̑Х̌ҲӼӾҺҺ̈Ԧ
Ц̌Ц̈ҴҶҶ̣ӴӋ
ҸЧ̇Ч̣ҼҾШ̈Ш̣ꚜ
Ы̆Ы̄ӸꚝҌҨЭ̆Э̄
Э̇ӬӬ́Ӭ̄Ю̆Ю̈Ю̈́Ю̄
Я̆Я̄Я̈Я̈́Ӏ
Archaic or unused letters
А̨Б̀Б̣Б̱В̀Г̀Г̧
Г̄Г̓Г̆Ҕ̀Ҕ̆ԀД̓
Д̀Д̨ԂꚀꙢЕ̇Е̨
Ж̀Ж̑ꙂꙄЏ̆
ꚄꚄ̆ꙀЗ̀З̑ԄԆꚈ
ԪꚂꚔІ̂І̣І̨
Ј̵Ј̃ꙈК̓К̀К̆Ӄ̆
К̑К̇К̈К̄ԞК̂
Л̀ԠꙤԈЛ̑Л̇Ԕ
М̀М̃ꙦН̀Н̄Н̧Н̃
ԊԢН̡ѺꙨꙪꙬꙮ
ꚘꚚП̓П̀П́П̧
П̑ҀԚ̆Р́Р̀Р̃Ԗ
С̀С̈ԌҪ̓Т̓Т̀Ԏ
Т̑ꚊТ̧ꚌꚌ̆
ѸꙊУ̇У̨ꙋ́Ф̑Ф̓
Х́Х̀Х̆Х̇Х̧Х̓һ̱
ѠꙌѼѾꙠЦ̀Ц́Ц̓
ꚎꚎ̆ꚐЧ́Ч̀
Ч̆Ч̑Ч̓ԬꚒꚆ
Ꚇ̆Ҽ̆Ш̀Ш̆Ш̑Щ̆ꚖꚖ̆
ꙐЫ̂Ы̃Ѣ́Ѣ̈Ѣ̆Ꙓ
Э̨Э̂ꙔЮ̂ꙖЯ̈
Я̂Я̨ԘѤѦꙘѪꙚ
ѨꙜѬѮѰѲѴѶ
Ꙟ
Es, from Alexandre Benois' 1904 alphabet book, with an illustration of sweetness (Slasti)

It commonly represents the voiceless alveolar fricative /s/, like the pronunciation of ⟨s⟩ in "sand".

Coptic icon of St. Mark, clearly showing examples of lunate sigma from which the Cyrillic Es was derived

History

The Cyrillic letter Es is derived from a variant of the Greek letter Sigma known as lunate sigma (Ϲ ϲ), in use in the Greek-speaking world in early medieval times. It has no connection to the Latin letter C (C c), which is a descendant of the Greek letter Gamma (Γ γ); however, many languages (for different reasons) apply the value of /s/ to the Latin letter C, especially before front vowels e and i (examples being English, French, Portuguese, Latin American Spanish); see hard and soft C. As its name suggests, Es is related to the Latin S.

The name of Es in the Early Cyrillic alphabet was слово (slovo), meaning "word" or "speech".[1]

In the Cyrillic numeral system, Es had a value of 200.

Form

In the modern Latinized Cyrillic fonts in use today, the Cyrillic letter Es looks exactly like the Latin letter C, being one of six letters in the Cyrillic alphabet that share appearances with Latin alphabet letters but are pronounced differently (or at least differently from the most common pronunciation). This fact has been frequently abused by plagiarism detector circumventors.

Usage

As used in the alphabets of various languages, Es represents the following sounds:

The pronunciations shown in the table are the primary ones for each language; for details consult the articles on the languages.

LanguagePosition in
alphabet		Pronunciation
Belarusian19th/s/, /sʲ/
Bulgarian18th/s/, /sʲ/
Macedonian22nd/s/
Russian19th/s/, /sʲ/
Serbian21st/s/
Ukrainian22nd/s/, /sʲ/
Ossetic (Iron)23rd/ʃ~s̠/

Computing codes
Character information
PreviewСсᲃ
Unicode name CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER ES CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER ES CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER WIDE ES
Encodingsdecimalhexdechexdechex
Unicode1057U+04211089U+04417299U+1C83
UTF-8208 161D0 A1209 129D1 81225 178 131E1 B2 83
Numeric character referenceССссᲃᲃ
Named character referenceСс
KOI8-R and KOI8-U243F3211D3
Code page 855228E4227E3
Windows-1251209D1241F1
ISO-8859-5193C1225E1
Macintosh Cyrillic14591241F1
  • The dictionary definition of С at Wiktionary
  • The dictionary definition of с at Wiktionary

References
  1. Corbett, Professor Greville; Comrie, Professor Bernard (September 2003). The Slavonic Languages. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-86137-6.
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