Flesh and the Devil

Flesh and the Devil is an American silent romantic drama film[3][4][5] released in 1926 by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and stars Greta Garbo, John Gilbert, Lars Hanson, and Barbara Kent, directed by Clarence Brown, and based on the novel The Undying Past by Hermann Sudermann.

Flesh and the Devil
Theatrical release poster
Directed byClarence Brown
Written byBenjamin Glazer
Marian Ainslee (titles)
Based onThe Undying Past
1893 novel
by Hermann Sudermann
Produced byIrving Thalberg
StarringGreta Garbo
John Gilbert
Lars Hanson
Barbara Kent
CinematographyWilliam H. Daniels
Edited byLloyd Nosler
Distributed byMetro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Release date
  • December 25, 1926 (1926-12-25)
Running time
109 minutes (USA)
113 minutes (UK)
CountryUnited States
LanguagesSilent film
English intertitles
Budget$372,618.21[1]
Box office$1,261,000[2]

In 2006, Flesh and the Devil was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".[6][7]

Plot

Two childhood friends, Leo and Ulrich, grow up to be soldiers in Germany. Leo becomes infatuated with Felicitas, the wife of a powerful count (a marriage about which Felicitas neglects to inform Leo). The count calls for a duel of honor with Leo, but insists that it be done under the false pretense that the quarrel was due to angry words exchanged between the two at a card game to protect the count's reputation. Leo kills the count in the duel, but then is punished by the military by being sent to Africa for five years.

Due to Ulrich's intervention, Leo only serves three years before being recalled home. On his return journey, he focuses on his dream of being reunited with Felicitas. Before he left for Africa, Leo had asked Ulrich to take care of Felicitas's needs while he was away. Ulrich — unaware that his friend is in love with Felicitas — falls in love with her and marries her.

Upon his return, Leo finds himself torn between Felicitas — which the woman encourages — and his friendship for Ulrich. Condemned by a local pastor for continuing to associate with Felicitas, Leo eventually loses control of his emotions, leading to a climactic duel between the two boyhood friends. While racing to stop the duel, Felicitas falls through a layer of thin ice and drowns. Meanwhile, the friends reconcile, realizing that their friendship is more important than Felicitas.

Cast
Uncredited

Production
Publicity still with Greta Garbo and John Gilbert for Flesh and the Devil.

Flesh and the Devil, produced in 1926, premiered at New York's Capitol Theatre[8] on January 9, 1927[9] and marked a turning point for Garbo's personal and professional life. Initially, she refused to participate in the film. She had just finished The Temptress and was tired, plus her sister had recently died of cancer and she was upset that her contract with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer did not allow her to take the long trip back to Sweden.[10] A sternly worded letter from MGM (read by Garbo biographer Barry Paris on the audio commentary for the 2005 DVD release of the film) warned her of dire consequences if she did not report for work. This was a rehearsal of sorts for a pitched battle Garbo would fight against studio heads after Flesh and the Devil was completed, which ended up with Garbo becoming one of the highest-paid actresses in Hollywood up to that time.

The romantic chemistry between Garbo and Gilbert was a director's dream because it was not faked. The two actors quickly became involved in their own romantic affair and before production of the film was completed had already moved in together (per Paris' commentary). Hollywood legend has it that it was also during production that Gilbert proposed to Garbo; she accepted, a high-profile wedding was arranged, but Garbo backed out. Paris disputes that this could have happened in the midst of production. Regardless of the chronology, Flesh and the Devil marked the beginning of one of the most famous romances of Hollywood's golden age. They would also continue making movies together into the Sound Era, though Gilbert's career would collapse in the early 1930s while Garbo's soared.

Garbo was so impressed with Clarence Brown's direction and William Daniels's cinematography that she continued to work with both of them in her subsequent films at MGM. She was particularly insistent on the use of Daniels as her prime cinematographer.

Accolades

The film is recognized by American Film Institute in these lists:

Home media

Flesh and the Devil was restored and released to DVD with The Temptress in September 2005 as part of a collection by Turner Classic Movies entitled The Garbo Silents Collection. The DVD includes an alternative, upbeat ending.

References
  1. Alexander Walker; Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (October 1980). Garbo: a portrait. Macmillan. p. 184. ISBN 978-0-02-622950-0. Retrieved July 27, 2010.
  2. The Eddie Mannix Ledger, Los Angeles, California: Margaret Herrick Library, Center for Motion Picture Study
  3. Variety film review; January 12, 1927, page 14.
  4. Harrison's Reports film review; January 15, 1927, page 10.
  5. American Film Institute (1971). The American Film Institute catalog of motion pictures produced in the United States. University of California Press. p. 253. ISBN 978-0-520-20969-5. Retrieved July 19, 2010.
  6. "Librarian of Congress Adds Home Movie, Silent Films and Hollywood Classics to Film Preservation List". Library of Congress. Retrieved October 2, 2020.
  7. "Complete National Film Registry Listing". Library of Congress. Retrieved October 2, 2020.
  8. "Flesh and the Devil". garboforever.com.
  9. David Robinson; Paul Duncan (2007). Greta Garbo. Taschen. p. 180. ISBN 978-3-8228-2209-8. Retrieved July 18, 2010.
  10. Paris, Barry. Commentary track on Flesh and the Devil. DVD. Warner Brothers / Turner Entertainment, 2005.
  11. "AFI's 100 Years...100 Passions Nominees" (PDF). Retrieved August 19, 2016.
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