Eileen Gu

Eileen Feng Gu (born September 3, 2003), also known by her Chinese name Gu Ailing (Chinese: 谷爱凌), is a freestyle skier. Born in the United States, she has competed for China in halfpipe, slopestyle, and big air events since 2019.

"Gu Ailing" redirects here. For the American poet with this Chinese name, see Eleanor Goodman.

Eileen Gu
Gu at the Lausanne 2020 Winter Youth Olympics
Personal information
Full name
  • Eileen Feng Gu[1]
  • 谷爱凌 (Gǔ Àilíng)
Nationality
Born (2003-09-03) September 3, 2003
San Francisco, California, U.S.[2]
Height5 ft 9 in (175 cm)[3][4]
Sport
Country
  • China China (2019 - Current)
  • United States United States (2018 - 2019)
SportFreestyle skiing
Event(s)
Team
  • Beijing Nanshan Ski Resort (2019 - Current)[5]
  • Squaw Valley Ski Team (2018 - 2019)[6]
Medal record
Women's freestyle skiing
Representing  China
Event 1st 2nd 3rd
Olympic Games 2 1 0
World Championships 2 0 1
Winter X Games 2 0 1
Winter Youth Olympics 2 1 0
Total 8 2 2
Olympic Games
Gold medal – first place2022 BeijingBig air
Gold medal – first place2022 BeijingHalfpipe
Silver medal – second place2022 BeijingSlopestyle
World Championships
Gold medal – first place2021 AspenHalfpipe
Gold medal – first place2021 AspenSlopestyle
Bronze medal – third place2021 AspenBig air
Winter X Games
Gold medal – first place2021 AspenSuperpipe
Gold medal – first place2021 AspenSlopestyle
Bronze medal – third place2021 AspenBig air
Winter Youth Olympics
Gold medal – first place2020 LausanneBig air
Gold medal – first place2020 LausanneHalfpipe
Silver medal – second place2020 LausanneSlopestyle
Ailing Eileen Gu
Simplified Chinese谷爱凌
Traditional Chinese谷愛凌

At age 18, Gu became the youngest Olympic champion in freestyle skiing after winning gold medals in big air and halfpipe and a silver medal in slopestyle at the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing. She is the first freestyle skier to win three medals at a single Winter Olympics. Owing to geopolitical tensions between the U.S. and China and questions around nationality, her switch from Team USA to China[7] drew international attention and controversy at the beginning of the 2022 Winter Olympics.

She is the first naturalized Chinese free-skier, the first American with Chinese ancestry to win a gold medal in any Winter Olympic event (accomplishing this feat on 7 February 2022),[8] and the second Chinese free-ski Olympic gold medalist after Han Xiaopeng. She is the first female Chinese free-ski Olympic gold medalist and joins the list of previous Olympic Chinese female free-ski medalists that include Xu Mengtao, Li Nina, and Xu Nannan.

Time named her as one of the 100 most influential people in the world under the 'Pioneers' category on its annual list in 2022.[9] Forbes listed her as the third-highest paid female athlete in the world in 2022.[10]

In May 2023, Gu was awarded the Laureus World Action Sportsperson of the Year award.[11]

Early life and education

Eileen Gu was born on September 3, 2003, in San Francisco, California, United States,[12] to a Chinese first-generation immigrant mother, Yan Gu (Chinese: 谷燕; pinyin: Gǔ Yàn), and an American father. Not much is publicly known about her father other than he is a Harvard University graduate, and Gu has declined to comment about him.[13] Her mother gave birth to Gu at the age of 40[14] and raised her as a single parent.[15] The daughter of the chief electrical engineer of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of China,[13] Yan attended Peking University in the 1980s[16] for her undergraduate and master's degrees in chemical engineering, where she was a member of the short-track speed skating team and was a ski coach.[17] Yan emigrated to the United States as a student in her twenties, enrolling at Auburn University and Rockefeller University. To pursue an MBA at Stanford University, she moved to the San Francisco Bay Area, where she enrolled Gu in ski lessons at Lake Tahoe and thereby, according to Gu, "accidentally created a pro skier."[18] Yan had a career working for U.S. investment banks and as a venture capitalist between China and California.[19]

Gu grew up in San Francisco's Sea Cliff neighborhood.[16] Gu began skiing at the age of three, joined the Northstar California Resort free-ski team at eight, and won her first national championship at nine.[20] She attended private K-8 Katherine Delmar Burke School and later, San Francisco University High School. Every summer, Gu would fly to Beijing to attend cram school for mathematics.[21] She scored 1580 out of 1600 on her SAT.[13] In 2021, Gu graduated early from high school. She earned early admittance to Stanford University, her mother's alma mater, in December 2020,[22] and began her studies in the fall of 2022.[23][18][22]

Nationality and citizenship

Gu competed for the United States at the 2018–19 FIS Freestyle Ski World Cup. She has competed for China since June 2019 after requesting a change of nation with the International Ski Federation.[12][24][25][26] Her goal was to compete for China in the 2022 Winter Olympics.[26][27][28] She announced the change on Weibo[29] and Instagram,[27] stating that through skiing she hopes "to help inspire millions of young people" in China and "to unite people, promote common understanding, create communication, and forge friendships between nations."[26]

According to Reuters, Chinese state media had previously reported that Gu renounced her U.S. citizenship after she became a Chinese national at the age of 15.[30] Gu has declined to publicly disclose her nationality. According to CNN, "speculation grew after she applied for the US Presidential Scholars Program in 2021, which is only open to US citizens or permanent residents."[31] While an article published on the Olympics website prior to the games celebrated her "dual nationality,"[32] Gu’s official Red Bull athlete profile before the games stated that “US-born Gu decided to give up her American passport and naturalize as a Chinese citizen in order to compete for China in Beijing—because Chinese law doesn’t recognize dual nationality.”[33] At a press conference during the 2022 Winter Olympics, Gu sidestepped six different attempts from international reporters to clarify her nationality.[34][35] Gu was born a U.S. citizen. In contrast to the United States, Chinese nationality law does not allow for dual nationality/citizenship and requires those naturalizing as Chinese nationals to not retain other nationalities, though it is not specific about the length of time given to renounce them.[36][37] The Chinese Consulate General in New York told the BBC that Gu would have to have been naturalized or gained permanent residency status in China to compete for its team,[36] though only naturalization, not permanent residency, would confer nationality and a passport as required by the sport governing bodies.[38][39] The International Olympic Committee confirmed that the Chinese Olympic Committee had presented it with a copy of her Chinese passport as proof of Chinese nationality acquired via naturalization in 2019.[40] There is no evidence that she has given up U.S. citizenship.[41] Her name has never appeared on the U.S. Treasury Department's Quarterly Publication of Individuals Who Have Chosen to Expatriate.[42] In early 2023, two former deputy directors of China's Olympic Preparation Office responsible for Gu's contract with the Chinese freestyle ski team and for her acquisition of Chinese nationality, Liu Aijie and Hu Guangyu, were arrested as part of a larger anti-corruption crackdown within the Chinese sports world.[43][44]

Rather than focus on citizenship, Gu chooses to focus on her mixed Chinese and American ancestry. In an interview in May 2022, Gu referred to herself as an Asian American.[45] In other interviews she has said, "Nobody can deny I'm American, nobody can deny I'm Chinese"[46] and "Since I was little, I've always said when I'm in the U.S., I'm American, but when I'm in China, I'm Chinese."[47][32]

Sports career
Her second run in the Women's Freeski Halfpipe Qualification at the 2020 Winter Youth Olympics
Her first run at Women's Freeski Big Air Qualification, 2022 Olympics

In 2021, Gu became the first woman to land a forward double cork 1440 in competition history.[48]

Training
  • Wy’East Mountain Academy - a training facility for Olympic skiers such as Nick Goepper and Alex Beaulieu,[49] which operates Windells Ski Camp.[50][51] According to Mike Hanley, head of school at Wy’East, Gu's mother paid for extra coaching and travel, "Yan is very pleasant but one of the most intense human beings I have ever met. She smiles and tells you how great you are. But then you find out, after the fact, what the requests are. She loves her daughter and wants her daughter to get priority... So many of the Americans ask for favors. Yan was willing to pay, which is very rare in the action sports industry. She paid for coaching and travel.”[49] Speaking of Eileen's fearlessness, Elijah Teter, the athletic director at Wy’East commented that “She came up with the mentality of following guys around and doing tricks that they do.”[49]
  • Woodward Tahoe[52] - a 33,000 square foot Indoor Action Sports Hub training next-generation athletes in snowboard, freeski, skateboard, BMX, freestyle MTB, and cheer.
  • Jamie Melton, Head coach of the Chinese National Slopestyle and Big Air Training Team for the 2022 Winter Olympics, Former Lead Action Sports Coach at Woodward Tahoe.[53] Melton has coached Gu since she was ten years old.
  • Brad Prosser, New Zealand coach[54][55] - Prosser met Gu when she was around 11 years old. In 2018, he became the technical coach guide to the Chinese national team for the 2022 Winter Olympics.
  • Misra Noto Torniainen - Gu's personal coach for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics and the former coach of the Swiss freeski team.[56] Torniainen had coached Olympic medalists Sarah Höfflin and Mathilde Gremaud for the 2018 Winter Olympics.[57][58]

X Games
See also: X Games

At the 2021 Winter X Games, Gu won a bronze medal in Big Air and two gold medals in SuperPipe and Slopestyle, becoming the first rookie to win a gold medal in Women's Ski SuperPipe, the first rookie to medal in three events, and the first athlete representing China to win a gold medal at the X Games.[59][60][61]

World Championships
See also: FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships

Gu competed at the FIS Freestyle Ski and Snowboarding World Championships 2021, winning two gold medals in Freeski Halfpipe and Freeski Slopestyle and a bronze medal in Freeski Big Air. Gu became the first freeskier to win two golds at the FIS Freeski World Championship.[62][63] She competed without poles for the first time due to a broken hand, having fractured a finger and tearing the UCL in her thumb.[64][65][66]

2022 Winter Olympics
See also: 2022 Winter Olympics

At the 2022 Winter Olympics, Gu became the youngest gold medalist in freestyle skiing, winning the big air event, the first to be held at the Olympics.[67] Gu landed a double cork 1620, her first attempt in competition.[68] She was the second woman to land the trick and the first woman to land a left-turn 1620;[69] Tess Ledeux first successfully completed a double cork 1620 on 21 January 2022, at the X Games in Aspen, Colorado [70] and landed it again in her first run of the big air final at the 2022 Winter Olympics.[71][72]

Gu won the silver medal in the slopestyle event.[73] She won a second gold medal in the women's freeski halfpipe competition, becoming the first freestyle skier to win three medals at a Winter Olympics.[74][75] She was awarded the Best Breakthrough Athlete and Best Female Action Sports Athlete ESPY Awards at the 2022 ESPY Awards.[76]

World Cup results
See also: FIS Freestyle Ski World Cup

Gu ended the 2021-2022 World Cup season with a perfect record in women's halfpipe, taking her first career crystal globe and becoming the first freestyle skier to win four consecutive World Cup competitions.[77][78][79] She claimed her second crystal globe in the same season, placing first in Park & Pipe overall.[80]

All results are sourced from the International Ski Federation.[81]

Representing Season Date Location Discipline Place
United States United States 2018–2019 January 12, 2019 France Font Romeu, France Slopestyle 2nd
January 27, 2019 Italy Seiser Alm, Italy Slopestyle 1st
China China 2019–2020 September 7, 2019 New Zealand Cardrona, New Zealand Halfpipe 2nd
February 14, 2020 Canada Calgary, Canada Halfpipe 1st
February 15, 2020 Canada Calgary, Canada Slopestyle 1st
2020–2021 November 21, 2020 Austria Stubai, Austria Slopestyle 3rd
2021–2022 December 4, 2021 United States Steamboat, United States Big Air 1st
December 10, 2021 United States Copper Mountain, United States Halfpipe 1st
December 30, 2021 Canada Calgary, Canada Halfpipe 1st
January 1, 2022 Canada Calgary, Canada Halfpipe 1st
January 8, 2022 United States Mammoth Mountain, United States Halfpipe 1st
January 9, 2022 United States Mammoth Mountain, United States Slopestyle 2nd

Results current through 1 February 2022.

Sponsorships, endorsements, and modeling career

As a "young American freestyle champion" at Nanshan Ski Resort, Gu had sponsorships in China at nine years old through connections with the resort's owner[42] and China's ski industry.[29] These included several Chinese sponsors, The North Face, and CCTV9.[29]

Even before the start of the 2022 Winter Olympics, Gu was the face of multiple brands in China.[82] Gu fronts at least 23 brands in China across sports, fashion, and banking.[82] Some of her partnerships in China include Chi Forest, Mengniu Dairy, Luckin Coffee, JD.com, China Mobile, People's Insurance Company of China, Bank of China, and Anta Sports.[82][83] According to marketing expert Jerome Lau, "Gu can be perceived as a bridge for brands to resonate with the consumers in the China market."[82] Gu's status as a leading sports star in China is reported to have earned her over US$30 million in endorsements and advertising contracts in 2021 alone.[82][74][84][85] According to media reports, her average fee per endorsement increased from $1 million in 2021 to $2 to $2.5 million in 2022.[82][86]

In the U.S., Gu is represented by IMG Models.[87][22] She has appeared on the covers of magazines such as the Chinese editions of Harper's Bazaar, Elle, Cosmopolitan, GQ, Marie Claire, V, L'Officiel, and Vogue.[1][22][88] Gu has been featured in campaigns for Western luxury brands such as Fendi and Gucci.[22] She is a brand ambassador for IWC Schaffhausen,[89] Tiffany & Co., and Louis Vuitton.[87][22][89] She is a Red Bull sponsored athlete[12] and is a founding member of Victoria's Secret's VS Collective.[90][91]

Personal life

Gu was raised by her mother, Yan Gu, and maternal grandparents.[13] In 2002, a year before Gu was born, Yan Gu's sister Ling died in a car crash. Gu's mother decided to name her 爱凌 (Ailing), literally translating to "Love Ling", in her sister's honor.[92] In China, she uses the nickname "青蛙公主" ("Frog Princess") on her Chinese social media accounts. The nickname comes from a green helmet she once wore during competition.[93]

Gu speaks fluent Mandarin Chinese and English.[94][95] She plays the piano as a hobby.[87] In May 2022, Gu mentioned that she had converted to Buddhism.[96]

Social and political views

During the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States, Gu has spoken out against anti-Asian racism after the 2021 Atlanta spa shootings and the killing of Vicha Ratanapakdee.[97] She has described her own experience with anti-Asian racism, having endured a man screaming obscenities about "Asians infecting America" with COVID-19 at her and her grandmother in a shop.[97][98] Gu has also stated that she supports the Black Lives Matter movement[94][99] and the right to legal access to abortion.[100] Gu has largely declined to comment on social and political topics involving China, including the country's human rights record.[101][102] Gu's agent Tom Yaps told The Economist that Gu's mother, Yan Gu, feared that "if [Eileen] participates in an article that has two paragraphs critical of China and human rights, that would put her in jeopardy over there. One thing and a career is ruined."[97]

See also

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