Hoshiarpur district

Hoshiarpur district is a district of Punjab state in northern India. Hoshiarpur, one of the oldest districts of Punjab, is located in the North-east part of the Punjab state and shares common boundaries with Gurdaspur district in the north-west, Jalandhar district and Kapurthala district in south-west, Kangra district and Una district of Himachal Pradesh in the north-east. Hoshiarpur district comprises 4 sub-divisions, 10 community development blocks, 9 urban local bodies and 1417 villages. The district has an area of 3365 km2. and a population of 1,586,625 persons as per census 2011.[2]

Hoshiarpur district
District
Graveyard in Todarpur
Graveyard in Todarpur
Location in Punjab
Location in Punjab
Coordinates: 31°35′N 75°59′E
Country India
StatePunjab
RegionDoaba
HeadquartersHoshiarpur [1]
Government
 • MPOM Parkash(BJP)
 • MLAPandit Bharma Shankar Jimpa(AAP)
 • MayorShiv Sood (BJP)
 • Deputy commissionerApneet Riyat
Area
 • Total3,365 km2 (1,299 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)[‡]
 • Total1,586,625
 • Density470/km2 (1,200/sq mi)
 • Sex Ration
961
Languages
 • OfficialPunjabi
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
Literacy85.40%
Websitehoshiarpur.nic.in

Hoshiarpur, along with the districts of Nawanshehar, Kapurthala and parts of Jalandhar, represents one of the cultural regions of Punjab called Doaba or the Bist Doab - the tract of land between two rivers, namely Beas and Sutlej. The area, along with the Shivalik foothills on the right side of Chandigarh-Pathankot road in Hoshiarpur, is sub mountainous. This part of the district is also known as Kandi area. The two rivers, Sutlej and Beas along with two other seasonal streams, provide drainage to the region. Besides these, the Kandi region is full of seasonal streams.

Hoshiarpur district falls into two nearly equal portions of hill and plain country. Its eastern face consists of the westward slope of the Solar Singhi Hills; parallel with that ridge, a line of lower heights belonging to the Siwalik Range traverses the district from south to north, while between the two chains stretches a valley of uneven width, known as the Jaswan Dun. Its upper portion is crossed by the Sohan torrent, while the Sutlej sweeps into its lower end through a break in the hills, and flows in a southerly direction until it turns the flank of the central range, and debouches westwards upon the plains. This western plain consists of alluvial formation, with a general westerly slope owing to the deposit of silt from the mountain torrents in the sub-montane tract. The Beas has a fringe of lowland, open to moderate but not excessive inundations, and considered very fertile. A considerable area is covered by government woodlands, under the care of the forest department. Rice is largely grown, in the marshy flats along the banks of the Beas. The district, owing to its proximity to the hills, possesses a comparatively cool and humid climate. Cotton fabrics are manufactured, and sugar, rice, other grains and indigo are among the exports.[3]

Hoshiarpur is also known as a City of Saints. There are many deras in this district. Several religious fairs are held, at Anandpur Sahib, Dasuya, Mukerian and Chintpurni, all of which attract an enormous concourse of people.[3]

The District Govt. College was once a campus for Punjab University, and it was predominantly inhabited by Gujjar and Saini, Dogras of Jammu-Punjab Region during the reign of the Sikh Empire.

History
Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901650,662—    
1911603,685−0.75%
1921609,650+0.10%
1931678,526+1.08%
1941769,884+1.27%
1951712,440−0.77%
1961782,483+0.94%
1971948,505+1.94%
19811,116,326+1.64%
19911,299,261+1.53%
20011,481,292+1.32%
20111,586,625+0.69%
source:[4]

The area of present Hoshiarpur District was also part of Indus Valley Civilization. Recent excavations at various sites in the district have revealed that the entire area near the Shivalik foothills was selected for habitation not only by the early Paleolithic man but also by those in the protohistoric and historic periods. The legends associate several places in the district with Pandavas. Dasuya is mentioned in epic of Mahabharata as the seat of Raja Virata in whose services the Pandavas remained for thirteen years during their exile. Bham, about 11 km west of Mahilpur, is said to be the place where the Pandavas passed their exile. Lasara, about 19 km north of Jaijon, also contains a stone temple stated to date back to the time of Pandavas. According to the Chinese pilgrim, Hieun Tsang, the area of Hoshiarpur was dominated by a tribe of Chandrabansi Rajputs, who maintained an independent existence for centuries before the Muhammadan conquest.

The country around Hoshiarpur formed part of the old kingdom of Katoch in Jalandhar. The state was eventually broken up, and the present district was divided between the, rajas of Datarpur and Jaswan. They retained undisturbed possession of their territories until 1759, when the rising Sikh chieftains commenced a series of encroachments upon the hill tracts. In 1815 Maharaja Ranjit Singh, forced the ruler of Jaswan to resign his territories in exchange for an estate on feudal tenure; three years later the raja of Datarpur met with similar treatment. By the close of the year 1818 the whole country from the Sutlej to the Beas had come under the government of Lahore, and after the First Anglo-Sikh War in 1846 passed to the British government. The deposed rajas of Datarpur and Jaswan received cash pensions from the new rulers, but expressed bitter disappointment at not being restored to their former sovereign position. Accordingly, the outbreak of the Second Anglo-Sikh War, in 1848 found the disaffected chieftains ready for rebellion. They organized a revolt, but the two rajas and the other ringleaders were captured, and their estates confiscated.[3] Hoshiarpur is an ancient centre of Hindu epics and culture itself. In Bajwara (4 km east on Una Road from the present city) ruins of an ancient culture can still be found. Mythologically, Teh Dasuya of this district is estimated to be King Virat's kingdom where Pandavas spent their one-year exile.

Gurdwara Sri Garna Sahib Bodal, District Hoshiarpur.

Bhrigu Samhita

Hoshiarpur is also popular for old astrological facts where it is said to be that old documents where past, present and future birth of every person is written in detail, are safely kept at this place. Many people visit Hoshiarpur to find out about their past, present and future in every birth they have or had taken in the past.[5]

Significant cities

Among the numerous ancient cultural centers in Hoshiarpur was town Jaijon. Said to be Founded by Jaijjat rishi around 11th century at the Shivalik foothills, Jaijon was a flourishing trade centre. It was also known as a centre for oriental studies. Noted scholars and exponents of Sanskrit, Astrology, Ayurveda and music visited this place for meeting. Music composers Pandit Husan Lal and Bhagat Ram and noted Pakistani poet Tufail Hoshiarpuri belonged to the same place. Jaijon also have a small old railway station from the British era.[6]

Ayurveda scholar Pandit Govind Ram Vatsyayan and Sanskrit laureate Acharya Vishwanath belonged to Jaijon.

Mahilpur is an ancient village on the feet of Shivalik which was visited by Chinese Hiuen Tsang who wrote this village as Sri Mahipalpur in his notes.

Demographics

According to the 2011 census Hoshiarpur district has a population of 1,586,625,[7] roughly equal to the nation of Gabon[8] or the US state of Idaho.[9] This gives it a ranking of 310th in India (out of a total of 640).[7] The district has a population density of 683 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,770/sq mi).[7] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 17.95%.[7] Hoshiarpur has a sex ratio of 961 females for every 1000 males,[7] and a literacy rate of 85.40%. Scheduled Castes made up 35.14% of the population.[7]

The Hoshiarpur district has one of the highest Scheduled Caste population (34%) population in Punjab. The Hoshiarpur-I and Hoshiarpur-II have 48 percent Scheduled Castes population. In Mahilpur block the proportion of Scheduled Castes population is 44 percent and in Bhunga block it is 41 percent while in the remaining blocks the proportion of Scheduled Castes population is less than 40 percent.[10][11]

Religion
Religion in Hoshiarpur district (2011)[12]
Religion Percent
Hinduism
 
 63.07%
Sikhism
 
 33.92%
Islam
 
 1.46%
Christianity
 
 0.94%
Other or not stated
 
 0.61%
Religion in Hoshiarpur District [lower-alpha 1]
Religion Population (1941)[13]: 42  Percentage (1941) Population (2011)[12] Percentage (2011)
Hinduism [lower-alpha 2] 584,080 49.91% 1,000,743 63.07%
Islam 380,759 32.53% 23,089 1.46%
Sikhism 198,194 16.93% 538,208 33.92%
Christianity 6,060 0.52% 14,968 0.94%
Others [lower-alpha 3] 1,230 0.11% 9,617 0.61%
Total Population 1,170,323 100% 1,586,625 100%

The table below shows the population of different religions in absolute numbers in the urban and rural areas of Jalandhar district.

Absolute numbers of different religious groups in Jalandhar district[14]
ReligionUrban (2011)Rural (2011)Urban (2001)Rural (2001)Urban (1991)Rural (1991)
Hindu2,52,6677,48,0762,15,9346,55,9891,35,3376,03,892
Sikh74,0514,64,15769,9545,04,90841,2404,45,807
Muslim2,82820,2612,08113,3133526,090
Christian2,13312,8351,56111,1656258,081
Other religions3,2906,3272,5443,2872,066317

Language

Languages of Hoshiarpur district (2011)[15]

  Punjabi (93.74%)
  Hindi (5.27%)
  Others (0.99%)

At the time of the 2011 census, 93.74% of the population spoke Punjabi and 5.27% Hindi as their first language.[15]

Economy

In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Hoshiarpur one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640).[16] It is the only district in Punjab currently receiving funds from the Backward regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).[16]

Government and politics

Politics
No. Constituency Name of MLA Party Bench
39 Mukerian Jangi Lal Mahajan Bharatiya Janata Party Opposition
40 Dasuya Karambir Singh Ghuman Aam Aadmi Party Government
41 Urmar Jasvir Singh Raja Gill Aam Aadmi Party
42 Sham Chaurasi (SC) Dr. Ravjot Singh Aam Aadmi Party
43 Hoshiarpur Bram Shanker Aam Aadmi Party
44 Chabbewal (SC) Dr. Raj Kumar Chabbewal Indian National Congress Opposition
45 Garhshankar Jai Krishan Singh Aam Aadmi Party Government

District administration
  • The Deputy Commissioner, an officer belonging to the Indian Administrative Service, is in-charge of the General Administration in the district, and is assisted by a number of officers belonging to Punjab Civil Service and other Punjab state services.
  • The Senior Superintendent of Police, an officer belonging to the Indian Police Service, is responsible for maintaining law & order in the district, assisted by the officers of the Punjab Police Service and other Punjab police officials.
  • The Divisional Forest Officer, an officer belonging to the Indian Forest Service, is responsible for the management of the forests, environment and wildlife in the district and is assisted by the officers of the Punjab Forest Service and other Punjab forest officials and Punjab wildlife officials.
  • Sectoral development is looked after by the district head/officer of each development department such as PWD, Health, Education, Agriculture, Animal husbandry, etc. These officers are from various Punjab state services.

Sub-Divisions

The District of Hoshiarpur comprises four sub-divisions, ten development blocks, eight municipal councils and one notified area committee, as listed below:

Administrative Divisions
  • Hoshiarpur
  • Dasuya
  • Mukerian
  • Garhshankar
Development Blocks
  • Hoshiarpur-I
  • Hoshiarpur-II
  • Bhunga
  • Tanda
  • Dasuya
  • Mukerian
  • Talwara
  • Hajipur
  • Garhshankar
Center of Excellence for Fruits, Khanaura, District Hoshiarpur
Municipal Corporation
Municipal Councils
  • Garhdiwala
  • Hariana
  • Tanda
  • Mahilpur
  • Garhshankar
  • Dasuya'
  • Mukerian
  • Sham Chaurasi
  • Talwara
Notified Area Committee
  • Mahilpur
  • Hoshiarpur
  • Shamchurasi Kadiana
Villages

Notable people

Science

Business

Sports

Politics

Arts and culture
Monica Bedi is from the city
Simran Kaur Mundi

Military

Other

References
  1. "District Administration". Retrieved 16 February 2015.
  2. "Hoshiarpur District Population Census 2011-2021, Punjab literacy sex ratio and density". www.census2011.co.in.
  3. One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Hoshiarpur". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 13 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 787–788.
  4. "Census of India Website : Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India". www.censusindia.gov.in.
  5. "5,000-year-old astrological tradition thrives in Punjab (Feature, With Image)". Business Standard India. 3 April 2015 – via Business Standard.
  6. Service, Tribune News. "Jaijon gets rail connectivity to Amritsar". Tribuneindia News Service.
  7. "District Census Handbook: Hoshiarpur" (PDF). censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
  8. US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Archived from the original on 13 June 2007. Retrieved 1 October 2011. Gabon 1,576,665
  9. "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 19 October 2013. Retrieved 30 September 2011. Idaho 1,567,582
  10. "State-wise, District-wise List of Blocks with >40% but less than 50% SC population". Archived from the original on 23 July 2013. Retrieved 12 July 2012.
  11. "Jat Sikhs: A Question of Identity". Retrieved 12 July 2012.
  12. "Table C-01 Population by Religion: Punjab". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
  13. "CENSUS OF INDIA, 1941 VOLUME VI PUNJAB PROVINCE". Retrieved 21 July 2022.
  14. https://punjab.data.gov.in/catalog/district-wise-population-religion-punjab
  15. "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Punjab". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  16. Ministry of Panchayati Raj (8 September 2009). "A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme" (PDF). National Institute of Rural Development. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 April 2012. Retrieved 27 September 2011.
  17. Rana Mohammad Hanif Khan
  18. "Welcome to ambedkartimes.com". www.ambedkartimes.com.
  19. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 28 November 2011. Retrieved 26 September 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  20. "Articles about Harkishen Singh Surjeet by Date - Page 3 - Times of India". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 8 July 2012. Retrieved 28 December 2014.
  21. http://pbplanning.gov.in/pdf/MPLAD%20MPR%2031-5-2010.pdf
  1. Hoshiarpur district excluding Una tehsil
  2. 1941 census: Including Ad-Dharmis
  3. Including Jainism, Buddhism, Zoroastrianism, Judaism, or not stated
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