Hyejong of Goryeo

Hyejong of Goryeo (912 – 23 October 945) (r. 943–945) was the second King of Goryeo. He was preceded by King Taejo and succeeded by Jeongjong, 3rd Monarch of Goryeo.

Monarchs of Korea
Goryeo
  1. Taejo 918–943
  2. Hyejong 943–945
  3. Jeongjong (定宗) 945–949
  4. Gwangjong 949–975
  5. Gyeongjong 975–981
  6. Seongjong 981–997
  7. Mokjong 997–1009
  8. Hyeonjong 1009–1031
  9. Deokjong 1031–1034
  10. Jeongjong (靖宗) 1034–1046
  11. Munjong 1046–1083
  12. Sunjong 1083
  13. Seonjong 1083–1094
  14. Heonjong 1094–1095
  15. Sukjong 1095–1105
  16. Yejong 1105–1122
  17. Injong 1122–1146
  18. Uijong 1146–1170
  19. Myeongjong 1170–1197
  20. Sinjong 1197–1204
  21. Huijong 1204–1211
  22. Gangjong 1211–1213
  23. Gojong 1213–1259
  24. Wonjong 1259–1274
  25. Chungnyeol 1274–1308
  26. Chungseon 1308–1313
  27. Chungsuk 1313–1330; 1332–1339
  28. Chunghye 1330–1332; 1339–1344
  29. Chungmok 1344–1348
  30. Chungjeong 1348–1351
  31. Gongmin 1351–1374
  32. U 1374–1388
  33. Chang 1388–1389
  34. Gongyang 1389–1392
Hyejong of Goryeo
고려 혜종
高麗 惠宗
Wang Mu (왕무)
King of Goryeo
Reign943–945
Coronation943
Gaegyeong, Goryeo
PredecessorTaejo of Goryeo
SuccessorJeongjong of Goryeo
BornWang Mu
912
Queen Janghwa's manor, Mokpo, Naju, State of Taebong
Died23 October 945(945-10-23) (aged 32–33)
Junggwang Hall, Gaegyeong, Kingdom of Goryeo
Burial
Sulleung tomb
Queen ConsortQueen Uihwa
ConsortLady Hugwangjuwon
Lady Cheongjuwon
Palace Lady Aeiju
Issue
Posthumous name
  • King Indeok Myeonghyo Seonhyeon Uigong the Great
    (인덕명효선현의공대왕, 仁德明孝宣顯義恭大王; firstly)
  • King Gyeongheon Gopyeong Seonhyeon Myeonghyo Uigong the Great
    (견헌고평선현명효의공대왕, 景憲高平宣顯明孝義恭大王; lastly)
Temple name
Hyejong (혜종, 惠宗)
HouseWang
FatherTaejo of Goryeo
MotherQueen Janghwa
Korean name
Hangul
Hanja
Revised RomanizationHyejong
McCune–ReischauerHyejong
Birth name
Hangul
Hanja
Revised RomanizationWang Mu
McCune–ReischauerWang Mu
Courtesy name
Hangul
Hanja
Revised RomanizationSeunggeon
McCune–ReischauerSŭnggŏn
Posthumous name
Hangul
Hanja
Revised RomanizationUigong Daewang
McCune–ReischauerŬigong Taewang

Early life

Hyejong was born to King Taejo and his second wife, Janghwa of the "Oh" clan. She was the daughter of the Magistrate of Naju, Oh Da-ryeon. Taejo met and married her while serving in Naju as a general of Taebong under Gung Ye.

In 921, Hyejong was proclaimed Crown Prince and Royal Successor with support from General Bak Sul-Hui. Almost immediately after being named Crown Prince, Hyejong followed his father Taejo into battle against Later Baekje and played a major role in numerous victories. In 943, Hyejong rose to the throne upon his father's death.

Reign

Hyejong's reign was marked with conspiracy and power struggles among Taejo's sons. The first of these conspiracies was led by Princes Wang Yo and Wang So, sons of Taejo and his third consort, Queen Sinmyeongsunseong of the Chungju Yu clan, which possessed considerable political influence. Upon realizing the conspiracy by the two princes, Wang Gyu warned Hyejong of the conspiracy, but plotted to put his grandson, one of Hyejong's younger half-brothers, on the throne when Hyejong did nothing to stop the conspiracy of the two princes.

Death

Hyejong died in 945, during the second year of his reign from mercury poisoning in his bath water. He had a disease most commonly known as eczema which caused red itchy patches on his skin and difficulty breathing. Although he had a son who was named crown prince, he was succeeded by his third brother Wang Yo, who claimed the throne by force with the backing of their fourth brother Wang So and subsequently crowned as Jeongjong.

Family
  1. Queen Uihwa of the Jincheon Im clan (의화왕후 임씨)
    1. Prince Heunghwa (흥화궁군)
    2. Lady Gyeonghwa (경화궁부인)
    3. Princess Jeongheon (정헌공주)
  2. Lady Hugwangjuwon of the Wang clan (후광주원부인 왕씨) – No issue.
  3. Lady Cheongjuwon of the Cheongju Gim clan (청주원부인 김씨)[1] – No issue.
  4. Palace Lady Aeiju, of the Yeon clan (궁인 애이주 연씨)
    1. Wang Je (왕제)
    2. Lady Myeonghye (명혜부인)

References
  1. Elder daughter of Gim Geung-ryul (김긍률) and elder sister of Jeongjong of Goryeo's third wife, Lady Cheongjunam. Since the Cheongju Region was powerful at that time and Gim Geung-ryul was one of its nobleman, so it was believed that Hyejong took Gim as his consort to make Cheongju people on his side.

혜종 (in Korean). Doosan Encyclopedia.

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