Kalavati

Kalavati or Kalawati is a modern pentatonic Hindustani classical raga. Svaras Re (the second tone) and Ma (the fourth tone) are strictly omitted (Varjya/Varjit). Kalavati belongs to the Khamaj Thaat.[1]

Kalavati
ThaatKhamaj[1]
TypeAudava-Audava[1]
Time of dayMidnight[1]
ArohanaS G P D n S'[1]
AvarohanaS' n D P G S[1]
VadiPa[1]
SamavadiSa[1]

Aroha and avaroha

Ārohana

S G P D n S'[1]

In the Western scale, assuming S == C, this would roughly translate to: C E G A B♭ c

Avarohana

S' n D P G S[1]

Kalavati uses (komal) ni as a Vakra Svara in Aroha.

P D n D S'

Vadi and samavadi

The Vadi is Pa, while the Samvadi is Sa[2][1]

Pakad or chalan

Komal Ni is weak in Aroha and often dropped: G P D n D S' or S G P D S', but in Tanas G P D n S' is also taken.

Komal Ni is also Andolita G P D n~ D P

It's also used as G P D n – S' D G P D S n – D P[2]

Organization and relationships

Kalavati is derived from a Carnatic raga (see also Yagapriya). According to J.D. Patki the raga was popularized in Maharashtra by Pandit Rao Nagarkar, Roshan Ara Begum and Gangubai Hangal. B.Subba Rao explains the Carnatic Kalavati as omitting Ga and Ni in aroha and Ni in Avaroha, using komal Re. That would make it closer to raga Jansamohini.

Carnatic music

In Carnatic music, Kalavati is approximated as Valachi or Valaji, and is considered to be S G P D n S/S n D P G S, and a janya of the 28th Melakartha, Harikambhoji.

Bandishes(Compositions) composed in Raag Kalavati
S.No Bandish Name / Bandish Initial Bol Composer and Creator Taal
1 Bharat Jahan Se Pyaara.....

भारत जहां से प्यारा.....

 Pandit Gokulotsavji Maharaj TeenTaal

Film songs

Tamil
Song Movie Composer Singer
Pongum Kadalosai Meenava Nanban M. S. Viswanathan Vani Jayaram
Thatti Sellum Thanga Pathakkam Vani Jayaram,Sai Baba
Pottu Vaitha Mugamo Sumathi En Sundari S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, B. Vasantha
Unnai Yenni Yennai Ragasiya Police 115 P. Suseela
Devi Sridevi Devi V. Dakshinamoorthy
Naan Indri Yaar Vaaruvaar (Ragamalika:Abhogi,Valaji) Maalaiyitta Mangai Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy T. R. Mahalingam, A. P. Komala
Yeriyile Oru Kashmir Roja (Ragamalika:Kedar/Hamirkalyani,Valaji) Madhanamaaligai M. B. Sreenivasan P. Suseela, K. J. Yesudas
Vasantha Kaalam Varumo Marakka Mudiyumaa? T. K. Ramamoorthy
Naan Irukka Bayam Edarkku Neethiyin Marupakkam Ilaiyaraaja S. Janaki
Govardhanan Vanthan Raga Bandhangal Kunnakudi Vaidyanathan Vani Jairam
Kudumbathin Thalaivi Kulavilakku Olimayamaana Ethirkaalam Vijaya Bhaskar
Azhagana Sandhangal Adhu Antha Kaalam Chandrabose K.J. Yesudas, Vani Jairam
Parvai Theril Hemavin Kadhalargal Raveendran S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
Thirukona Moolam Desam A. R. Rahman S.P. Balasubrahmanyam,Master Vignesh, Baby Pooja
Kanchi Kamatchi Killadi Mappillai Deva Mano
Yedhukkaga Enna Rummy D. Imman Santhosh Hariharan, A. V. Pooja

Behavior

G is often a starting note of a combination: G G P D n D P G. While returning to Sa a descending meend is taken from Ga to Sa

Other movements:

S, G P, G\S ṇ Ḍ S, S PG P, DP GS, G P D - - D - - n D P, G G P D n~ , n D P, G P, G P D n D, nD S', S' G' S' S' G' P' G' S' n D, G P D, n n D P, G D P, G n D, G'\S' n D, n D P G P DP G\S, ṇ Ḍ S - | G P D n S n D P G\S - ||[2]

Samay (time)

Midnight

Historical information

Important recordings
  • Imrat Khan, L.P.record No. EASD-1358
  • Nishat Khan, "Sentimental Sitar", Super Cassettes Ind (1994). Ltd, as CD: SICCD 042
  • Prabha Atre, "Classical Vocal: Maru Bihag, Kalavati, Thumri Mishra Khamaj", HMV
  • S Balachander, Veena, "Carnatic Instrumental: Muthuswamy Dikshithar Krithi – Kalavati Kamalasana Yuvati"; http://gaana.com/share/titemI41181
  • Acharya Dr. Pandit Gokulotsavji Maharaj, Hindustani Classical Vocal, Bharat Jahan Se Pyara भारत जहां से प्यारा. Recorded to DoorDarshan

See also

References
  1. "Raag Kalawati – Indian Classical Music – Tanarang.com". www.tanarang.com.
  2. Moutal 1991, p. 461.

Literature
  • Moutal, Patrick (1991), A Comparative Studie of Selected Hindustānī Rāga-s, New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal, ISBN 81-215-0526-7
  • Patki, J.D. (1971–1975), Aprakāśita Rāga (3 Vols.), Hathras: Sangeet Karyalaya
  • Patwardhan, Narayan Rao (1961–1974), Rāga Vijñāna (7 Vols.), Poona: Sangeet Gaurav Granthmala
  • Rao, B. Subba (1964–1966), Rāganidhi (vols 2,3,4), Madras: Music Academy
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