List of triplanes

This is a list of aircraft types having triplane wings.

Type Country Date Role Status Notes
Albatros Dr.IGermany1917FighterPrototypeBased on the Albatros D.V biplane.
Albatros Dr.IIGermany1918FighterPrototypeBased on the Albatros D.X biplane.
American FleaUSAc. 1939PrivateHomebuiltTriplane variant of the Mignet Pou du Ciel. Lower wing plane is all-moving ailerons.
Armstrong Whitworth F.K.5United Kingdom1915FighterPrototypeNever flown. Middle wing longer span than the others.
Armstrong Whitworth F.K.6United Kingdom1916FighterPrototypeMiddle wing longer span than the others.
Astoux-VedrinesFrancec. 1916ExperimentalPrototypeWing incidence could be varied in flight. [1]
Austin OspreyUnited Kingdom1918FighterPrototype
Aviatik 30.24Austria-Hungary1917FighterPrototypeBased on the Aviatik (Berg) D.I biplane.
Avro 547United Kingdom1920TransportPrototype2 built. Based on the Avro 504, with a third wing added.
Battaille TriplaneBelgium1911PrototypeDesigned by César Battaille. Several short flights or hops.
Bell Oionus ICanada1910ExperimentalPrototypeFailed to fly. Triplane variant of Bell's octahedral wing.
Berliner Helicopter No.5USA1923ExperimentalPrototypeIn 1923, the Helicopter incorporated triplane wings to allow for gliding in case of an engine failure.
Besson H-3France1921Private[2] or Besson MB.12[3]
Besson H-5France1922Transport flying boatPrototype
Besson H-6France1921PatrolMailplane. Lower wing the largest and top wing the smallest.
Besson LBFrance1919PatrolFlying boat
Besson HB.2France
Besson MB-10France
Besson MB-11France
Besson Hydravion écoleFrance1919Flying boat, exhibited at the 1919 Paris Aero Show.
Blackburn TriplaneUnited Kingdom1917FighterPrototypePusher propeller and boom-mounted empennage to allow an upwards-firing 2-pounder recoilless gun.
Boeing GA-1USA1920AttackProductionHeavily armoured twin. 10 ordered, not operational.
Bousson-Borgnis triplaneFrance1908BomberCanard. Failed to fly.
Bristol BraemarUnited Kingdom1918BomberPrototypeMk II flown in 1919.
Bristol PullmanUnited Kingdom1920TransportPrototypeThe Bristol Pullman 14-seat transport variant flew in 1920.
Bristol TrampUnited Kingdom1921TransportPrototype2 built, never flown.
Caproni Ca.4Italy1914BomberProductionMilitary designation of a line of bombers which would also see airliner variants. Types include the Ca.40,41,42,43,48,51,52,58,59.
Caproni Ca.40Italy1914BomberPrototype3 built.
Caproni Ca.41Italy1918BomberProductionRe-engined Ca.40.
Caproni Ca.42Italy1918BomberProductionRe-engined Ca.41.
Caproni Ca.43Italy1918BomberPrototypeFloatplane variant of the Ca.4.
Caproni Ca.48Italy1919TransportConverted from surplus Ca.42.
Caproni Ca.49Italy1919TransportProjectSeaplane.[4]
Caproni Ca.51ItalyBomberCa.42 variant with biplane tail and tail gun.
Caproni Ca.52Italy1918BomberProductionCa.42 built for the RNAS. Six built.
Caproni Ca 53Italy1917BomberPrototype1 completed, never flown. Preserved in the Gianni Caproni Museum of Aeronautics.[5]
Caproni Ca.54Italy1919TransportConversion of the Caproni Ca 53.[4]
Caproni Ca.55Italy1920TransportSeaplane derived from the Caproni Ca 54.[4]
Caproni Ca.58ItalyTransportCa.48 re-engined with Fiat A.14 or Isotta Fraschini V.6.
Caproni Ca.59ItalyTransportProjectDesignation of Ca.58 intended for customers outside Italy.
Caproni Ca.60Italy1921TransportPrototypeThe "Noviplano" was a triple tandem triplane which crashed on its maiden flight.
Caproni-Pensuti triplaneItaly1920Private
Catron & Fisk CF-10USAc. 1925Transport
Curtiss 18-TUSA1918FighterProductionKnown variously as the "Wasp" and the "Kirkham".
Curtiss AutoplaneUSA1917PrivatePrototypeFlying car. Flew only short hops.
Curtiss BTUSA1917UtilityPrototypeSeaplane, referred to as the "Flying lifeboat" or "Baby T".
Curtiss Model FLUSA1917PrototypeFlying boat comprising Model F hull with Model L wings.
Curtiss GS-1USA1918FighterPrototypeFloatplane.
Curtiss Model LUSA1916TrainerProductionLandplane and floatplane variants.
Curtiss Model SUSA1917FighterProductionS-4 and S-5 were floatplanes.
Curtiss Model TUSA1916PatrolPrototypeFlying boat. Known as the "Wanamaker"
Curtiss-Judson TriplaneUSA1917Utility flying boatOperationalFlying boat. Slightly enlarged triplane version of the standard Curtiss F-Boat.[6]
Curiss-Cox racerUSA1921PrivateOperationalAlso called the "Cactus kitten", a one-off triplane conversion of Cox's "Texas wildcat".
Dorand 1908 triplaneFrance1908PrototypeMilitary triplane.
Dufaux triplaneSwitzerland1908ExperimentalPrototypeTandem triplane with biplane tail and tiltrotor. Failed to fly.
Dunne-Huntington TriplaneUK1910 or 1911ExperimentalPrototypeNot strictly a triplane but a three-surface aircraft, having a pair of tandem wings with a third set above and between them, but referred to as a "triplane" by its designer, J. W. Dunne.
DFW T.34 IIGermany1917FighterPrototype
Ellehammer triplaneDenmark1907ExperimentalPrototypeFirst powered triplane to fly.
Euler Dreidecker Type 1Germany1916TrainerPrototype
Euler Dreidecker Type 2Germany1917FighterPrototypeLater modified as a biplane.
Euler Dreidecker Type 3Germany1917FighterPrototypeLater modified as a biplane.
Euler Dreidecker Type 4Germany1918FighterPrototype
Euler Dreidecker Type 5Germany1918FighterPrototypeTriplane variant of the Euler Vierdecker quadruplane.
Faccioli TriplaneItaly1909ExperimentalPrototypeCrashed after a short hop.[7]
Farman VoisinFrance1908ExperimentalPrototypeOriginal Voisin machine modified to a triplane.
Felixstowe FuryUnited Kingdom1918Long-range flying boatPrototypeFlying boat. Also known as the Porte Super-Baby
Fokker Dr.1Germany1917FighterProductionBraced variant of the V.4, first flown as the V.5
Fokker V.4Germany1917FighterPrototypeCantilever wings.
Fokker V.6Germany1917FighterPrototype
Fokker V.8Germany1917FighterPrototypeTandem design, having a triplane fore wing, biplane rear wing and monoplane tail stabiliser.
Friedrichshafen FF.60Germany1918ExperimentalPrototypeFloatplane
Goupy No.1France1908ExperimentalPrototype
Grade triplaneGermany1908ExperimentalPrototypeHans Grade. first German-built aeroplane to fly
Groos triplaneFrance1909ExperimentalPrototypeAlfred Groos' second design was a triplane which failed to fly.[8]
Hansa-Brandenburg CC TriplaneGermany1917FighterPrototypeSeaplane. One-off triplane variant of production biplane.
Hansa-Brandenburg L.16Germany1917FighterPrototype
Hansa-Brandenburg W.17Germany1917FighterPrototypeSeaplane. Cantilever bottom wing.
Labourdette-Halbronn H.T.1France1918BomberPrototype1 flown. Twin-hulled flying boat.[9]
Labourdette-Halbronn H.T.2France1919BomberPrototype2 flown. Development of the H.T.1 [9]
Levy-Besson AlerteFrance1917PatrolProductionFlying boat. Centre wing longer than the others. 100 built, used for patrol and ASW bombing rather than the "Alerte" role.[10]
Levy-Besson 450-hpFrance1918Flying boat [11]
Levy-Besson 300-hpFrancec. 1918Flying boat. Under construction in 1918 [11]
Levy-Besson 500-hpFrancec. 1918Flying boat never completed?[11]
Levy-Besson High SeasFrancec. 1919ProductionFlying boat. Production batch of 100 was cancelled after some had been completed.[12] Top and centre wings of equal span, bottom wing shorter.[13]
Levy Besson HB.2France1919
LFG Roland D.IVGermany1917FighterPrototypeAlso known as the Dr. I.
Lloyd 40.15Austria-Hungary1917FighterPrototype
Lohner Typ AAustria-Hungary1917FighterPrototypeLater redesignated the 111.04.
Mitsubishi 1MTJapan1922BomberProductionNavy Type 10.
Morane-Saulnier TRKFrance1915BomberPrototype1 built.
Naval Aircraft Factory Giant BoatUSA1919PatrolPrototypeFlying boat. Never completed.
Nieuport 10 TriplaneFrance1915FighterPrototypeExtreme backwards stagger of top plane.
Nieuport 17 TriplaneFrance1916FighterPrototypeExtreme backwards stagger of top plane.
Nieuport 17bis TriplaneFrance1917FighterPrototypeExtreme backwards stagger of top plane.
Nieuport LondonUK1920BomberPrototypePlanned night bomber
Oeffag Type CFAustria-Hungary1918FighterPrototype
Parnall PossumUK1923ExperimentalPrototypeResearch into centrally-mounted engine.
Pfalz Dr-TypGermany1917FighterPrototypeBased on the Pfalz D.III biplane.
Pfalz Dr.IGermany1918FighterPrototypePre-series batch of 10 delivered.
Pfalz Dr.IIGermany1918FighterPrototype
Richter triplaneGermany1923PrivatePrototypeHang-glider. One of several types flown by Hans Richter having varying numbers of planes.
Rodjestveisky triplaneRussia1911ExperimentalPrototype
Roe I TriplaneUnited Kingdom1909ExperimentalPrototypeHas been described as a tandem triplane due to its relatively large triplane aft plane.[14]
Roe II TriplaneUnited Kingdom1910ExperimentalPrototype2 built.
Roe III TriplaneUnited Kingdom1910PrivateProductionSmall number sold.
Roe IV TriplaneUnited Kingdom1910ExperimentalPrototype
Sablatnig SF.4DrGermany1917FighterPrototypeFloatplane. Redesigned triplane variant of the SF.4 biplane.
Schukowski KOMTASoviet Union1922Bomber
Schütte-Lanz Dr.IGermany1917FighterPrototype
Siemens-Schuckert Dr.IGermany1917FighterPrototype
Siemens-Schuckert DDr.IGermany1917FighterPrototype
Sopwith CobhamUnited Kingdom1919BomberPrototype3 flown
Sopwith Hispano-Suiza TriplaneUnited Kingdom1916FighterPrototype2 flown.
Sopwith L.R.T.Tr.United Kingdom1916FighterPrototypeCombined escort fighter and airship interceptor.
Sopwith RhinoUnited Kingdom1917BomberPrototype2 flown
Sopwith SnarkUnited Kingdom1919FighterPrototype3 flown
Sopwith TriplaneUnited Kingdom1916FighterProductionFirst military triplane in service.
Stringfellow triplaneUnited Kingdom1868ExperimentalProjectJohn Stringfellow showed his design at the world's first aeronautical exhibition, at the Crystal Palace, London.
Tarrant TaborUnited Kingdom1919BomberPrototypeCrashed on its maiden flight.
Voisin TriplaneFrance1916BomberPrototype3 flown
Witteman-Lewis XNBL-1USA1923BomberPrototypealso known as "Barling Bomber". Same designer as Tabor.
W.K.F. 80.05Austria-Hungary1917FighterPrototype

Fokker Dr.I triplane replica

References
Citations
  1. Davilla 1997, p. 46.
  2. "Besson canard". www.aviafrance.com. Retrieved 2011-01-27.
  3. "Besson mb12". www.aviafrance.com. Retrieved 2011-01-27.
  4. Mulder, R.; (2009), The civilian transport aircraft of Caproni (1918-1939) Retrieved 29 October 2013.
  5. "Caproni Ca.53" (in Italian). Museo dell'Aeronautica Gianni Caproni. Archived from the original on 26 February 2012. Retrieved 24 February 2012.
  6. Johnson, E. R. (2009); American Flying Boats and Amphibious Aircraft: An Illustrated History, Page 304.
  7. Angelucci & Matricardi 1977, p. 68.
  8. Bretagne Aviation
  9. Davilla 1997, p. 287.
  10. Davilla 1997, p. 301.
  11. Davilla 1997, p. 302.
  12. Davilla 1997, p. 303.
  13. Murphy, J.; Military Aircraft, Origins to 1918: An Illustrated History of Their Impact (2005), ABC-CLIO Ltd, Page 192.
  14. "A. V. Goes Back" Flight, 2 July 1954, p.2
Bibliography
  • Angelucci, E.; Matricardi, P. (1977). World Aircraft - Origins-World War 1. London: Sampson Low.
  • Davilla, James (1997). French aircraft of the first World War. Flying Machines Press.
  • Green, William; Swanborough, Gordon (1994). The complete book of fighters. Salamander. ISBN 978-0-8317-3939-3.
  • Jane, F.T. All the World's Aircraft 1913 (1913). London: Sampson Low, facsimile reprint David & Charles, 1969.
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