Oligosaurus

Oligosaurus is a genus of iguanodont dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous Grünbach Formation of Austria.

Oligosaurus
Temporal range: Late Cretaceous
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Clade: Dinosauria
Clade: †Ornithischia
Clade: †Ornithopoda
Clade: †Iguanodontia
Genus: †Oligosaurus
Seeley, 1881
Type species
  • Oligosaurus adelus Seeley, 1881

Discovery and species

In 1859 coal mine administrator Pawlowitsch notified the University of Vienna that some fossils had been found in the Gute Hoffnung mine at Muthmannsdorf in Austria. A team headed by geologists Eduard Suess and Ferdinand Stoliczka subsequently uncovered numerous bones of several species, among them those of an ornithopod dinosaur. Stored at the university museum, the finds remained undescribed until they were studied by Emanuel Bunzel from 1870 onwards.[1] Bunzel in 1871 referred the scapula PIUW 3518 along with a humerus and metapodial (identified by him as a femoral fragment) to Lacerta sp.[2] Seeley (1881) erected Oligosaurus for the scapula and considered the metapodial and humerus to be conspecific, while referring the paralectotype caudal vertebrae of Mochlodon suessi to the taxon.[3] The generic name is derived from Greek oligos, "few", and sauros, "lizard". Norman and Weishampel (1990) and Norman (2004) listed Oligosaurus, along with Ornithomerus and Mochlodon, as a synonym of Rhabdodon.[4][5] However, Sachs and Hornung (2006) assigned one of the specimens of Oligosaurus (the holotype scapula) to Zalmoxes sp. along with the Mochlodon suessi and Ornithomerus holotypes.[6]

The type specimen PIUW 3518 was found in the Grünbach Formation of the Gosau Group dating from the early Campanian, about 80 million years old.

References
  1. Bunzel, E. (1870). "Notice of a Fragment of a Reptilian Skull from the Upper Cretaceous of Grunbach". Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society. 26 (1–2): 394. doi:10.1144/GSL.JGS.1870.026.01-02.35. S2CID 129380715.
  2. E. Bunzel, 1871, "Die Reptilfauna der Gosauformation in der Neuen Welt bei Wiener-Neustadt", Abhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Königlichen Geologischen Reichsanstalt 5: 1-18
  3. Seeley, H. G. (1881). "The Reptile Fauna of the Gosau Formation preserved in the Geological Museum of the University of Vienna: with a Note on the Geological Horizon of the Fossils at Neue Welt, west of Wiener Neustadt, by Edw. Suess, Ph.D., F.M.G.S., &c., Professor of Geology in the University of Vienna, &c". Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society. 37 (1–4): 620–707. doi:10.1144/GSL.JGS.1881.037.01-04.49. S2CID 219235284.
  4. D. B. Norman and D. B. Weishampel. 1990. Iguanodontidae and related ornithopods. In D. B. Weishampel, H. Osmolska, and P. Dodson (eds.), The Dinosauria. University of California Press, Berkeley 510-533.
  5. D. B. Norman. 2004. Basal Iguanodontia. In D. B. Weishampel, H. Osmolska, and P. Dodson (eds.), The Dinosauria (2nd edition). University of California Press, Berkeley 413-437.
  6. Sachs, S; Hornung, J (2006). Juvenile ornithopod (Dinosauria: Rhabdodontidae) remains from the Upper Cretaceous (Lower Campanian, Gosau Group) of Muthmannsdorf (Lower Austria). Geobios. 39 (3): 415–425. doi:10.1016/j.geobios.2005.01.003.


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