Punnagavarali

Punnagavarali, a raga in Carnatic Music, is a derived scale from Hanumatodi, which is the 8th melakarta Raga in the 72 melakarta system.[1]

Carnatic music
Tanjavur-style tambura
Concepts
Compositions
Instruments
Melody
Sarasvati Vīṇā
Veṇu
Nādasvaraṃ
Goṭṭuvādyaṃ (Citra Vīṇā)
Violin
Percussion
Mr̥daṅgaṃ
Ghaṭaṃ
Morsing
Kanjira
Thavil
Drone
Tambura
Shruti box
Punnagavarali
ArohanamN₂ S R₁ G₂ M₁ P D₁ N₂
AvarohanamN₂ D₁ P M₁ G₂ R₁ S N₂

Punnagavarali raga is associated with karuna rasa and snakes (naga means snake). Snake charmers play this scale. In wedding ceremonies, a piece called the Odam usually played at the muhurtam, is often in Punnagavarali. This is an ancient raga and traditional Tamil pieces such as Nondichindu are also set in this.[2][3][4][5]

Structure and lakshana

Punnagavarali is a nishadantya raga (starts and ends in a single octave, nishada to nishada) and is hence usually presented in the madhyama sruti. In the ascent the chatusruti rishabha also occurs, sometimes. The raga's regal presence is best felt in slow phrases.

The notes include kaisiki nishada, sadja, suddha rishabha, sadharana gandhara, suddha madhyama, pancama and suddha dhaivata. Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure is as follows (see swaras in Carnatic music for details on below notation and terms):

Compositions

Some of the popular compositions are listed below.

  • Muthuswami Dikshitar's Ehi annapoorney set to Adi tala and Kamalambikaya sthavabhakthoham set to Rupakam tala
  • Thyagaraja's Utsava sampradaya kriti "Thavadhasoham", and the Divyanama Sankeertanas- "Gandhamu Puyyaruga" and "Dasaradha Nandana"
  • Syama Sastri's Kankashaila Viharini and Brovasamayamu
  • Papanasam Sivan's "Shiva Ganga Nagaranivasini"
  • Agastya's 2nd line of "Sri Chakra Raja"

Punnagavarali has some resemblance to Nadanamakriya.

Film Songs

Language:Tamil
Song Movie Year Composer Singer
En Appanallavaa Nandanar 1942 M. D. Parthasarathy & S. Rajeswara Rao M. M. Dandapani Desikar
Naadhar Mudi Melirukkum Thiruvarutchelvar 1967 K. V. Mahadevan T. M. Soundararajan
Yelantha Pazham Panama Pasama 1968 L. R. Eswari
Anbe Sivam Endru

(Ragamalika: Shivaranjani, Punnagavarali)

 Karaikkal Ammaiyar 1973 Kunnakudi Vaidyanathan S. Varalakshmi
Aadidu Peyygaley Aduthathu Albert 1985 Ilayaraja Malaysia Vasudevan, S. Janaki
Madrasai Suthi

(Ragamalika:Mohanam,Punnagavarali) (Manorama singing portion only)

 May Maadham 1994 A. R. Rahman Shahul Hameed, Swarnalatha, G. V. Prakash & Manorama
Maari Karumaari Pokkiri Thambi 1992 Deva Malaysia Vasudevan,K. S. Chithra
Em Manasiley Seerivarum Kaalai 2001 Sirpy Mano, Sujatha
Naa Romba Busy Vasuvum Saravananum Onna Padichavanga 2015 D. Imman Neeti Mohan, Santhosh Hariharan, Sharanya Gopinath

•Thekkumkooradiyaathi (Ashwamedham 1967) •Enthucheyyendu (Thuruppugulaan 1972) •Aadiyushassil (Manushyan 1979)

•Manikkuyile (Vaalkkannaadi 2002) •Paalkkadalil pallikollum (Goureeshankaram 2003) •Sundarana (D) (Kanaka Simhaasanam 2006) •Dukhathinundoru (Naadabrahmam 2011)[6]

"Oo Antava Oo Oo Antava" from the film Puspha: The Rise is also based on this raga

See also

Notes
  1. Alternate notations:
    • Hindustani: Ṉ S Ṟ G̱ M P Ḏ Ṉ
    • Western: B♭ C D♭ E♭ F G A♭ B♭
  2. Alternate notations:
    • Hindustani: Ṉ Ḏ P M G̱ Ṟ S Ṉ
    • Western: B♭ A♭ G F E♭ D♭ C B♭

References
  1. Bor(1999)
  2. Charulatha Mani CHENNAI, 21 June 2013 on The Hindu
  3. Ragas in Carnatic music by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications
  4. Raganidhi by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras
  5. Ragasurabhi by K.T Rabindranathan published by Kerala Bhasha Institute First published in November 1992
  6. "List of Malayalam Songs by Raga Punnagavaraali".
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