Tres Valles

Approximate territory under jurisdiction of Puctlancingo in the 16th century.

This area of the lower Papaloapan was populated primarily by the Olmec, who disappeared for unknown reasons. Later, the area was inhabited by the Totonac, from approximately 500–100 BCE. By the time the Spanish arrived, the area had been conquered by the Mexicas, as with much of the Mesoamerican peoples.

The current municipality of Tres Valles was divided between the jurisdictions of Cosamaloapan and Puctlancingo, but the only people on record within the current limits were the Puctlancingo, located at the confluence of the Amapa and Tonto rivers. It is likely that there were other small settlements at the time of conquest. A 1584 map showed a hill with ruins called Quateupan south of the Coapilla creek, near the river Tonto.

After the fall of Tenochtitlan, Cortés sent Gonzalo de Sandoval to the conquest of the Tuxtepec garrison. Achieving his mission, he subjected the people of the Papaloapan basin to the encomienda system. Cosamaloapan joined the jurisdiction of the district of Guaspaltepec to form one corregimiento (township).

In 1600, Tuxtepec and Puctlancingo were added to the congregation of the province Guaspaltepec. That same year, Guaspaltepec was abandoned, its inhabitants were living in Mixtlan, the head priest moved to Chacaltianguis and the fate of the township was in the air. After the disappearance of Guaspaltepec the district came under the power of Cosamaloapan.

In 1786 the Spanish crown ordered the creation of the Municipality of Veracruz. The area remained a Canton until 1917. Consequently, the municipality became important for political and administrative organization.

Monument to Miguel Hidalgo

November 21, 1907, is considered the founding date of the city of Tres Valles. However, the exact date is unknown. The earliest record with that date in 1982, when a commemorative monument to Miguel Hidalgo was placed in the city's central park. It seems that during the process of building the monument, the date was established. There's also a document dated November 24, 1939, stating that the founding was "32 years ago", that is, around 1907.

According to historians the settlement has existed since at least 1900, when a camp was created for builders of the Pacific Veracruz railway. The only relevant fact pointing to this period is the 1907 arrival of the Martinez family, owners of the land where the town was settled. Perhaps this and other facts have survived in the collective memory and over the passage of time, this has become the year considered the foundation of the community.

In 1921, Three Valleys had a population of 791 persons (399 men and 392 women).

In 1924, the first school was established (which now houses the School "March 18") which was directed by Prof. "Nacha", originally from Tierra Blanca, Veracruz. It was built by Ignacio Martinez, who also donated the land.

Also in 1924, Martinez built the first Catholic chapel, in honor of Our Lady of Guadalupe. This location is now the Municipal Agency, as the chapel was stripped during the Cristero War.

The banana boom ended with the plague the Sigatoka fungus. Soon after came the expropriation of the three banana companies, decreed by President Lázaro Cárdenas, which were merged into the "Transcontinental" company.

The municipal territory covers an area of approximately 378.1km2, and is located in the south-central area of Veracruz, bounded by 96 ° 01 'and 96 ° 18' west of Greenwich and between 18 ° 10 '18 25' north latitude, in the region of Papalopan, between the state of Oaxaca and the towns of Tierra Blanca and Cosamaloapan.

The main rivers are the Amapa and Tonto, followed in importance by the Hondo, Mondongo, the Coyote, Zapote, and Jobo.

Tres Valles has a warm humid climate, with winter rainfall makingup less than 5% of the annual rainfall. The rainy season is in autumn, and June is the hottest month of the year. There is no weather station in the municipality, and the nearest station is in located in Ciudad Alemán.

According to the results of Population and Housing Census conducted by the National Institute of Statistics and Geography in 2010, the population over three years in the municipality of Tres Valles is 42,846 inhabitants, of which 3364 belong to an [Indigenous peoples of Mexico | indigenous group], being speakers of any dialect. This represents 7.85% of the population.

The Three Valleys government consists of a mayor, a trustee, and a council consisting of five council members: two elected by a relative majority and three by proportional representation.

The current mayor, Dr. Carlos Alberto Córdova Morales, started office on January 1, 2011, representing the National Action Party.

The municipality is located in the 18th Electoral District of Veracruz with headquarters in the city of Cosamaloapan. The current representative is Elena Aguirre Zamorano of PRI.

In the 17th Electoral District of Veracruz, headquartered in Cosamaloapan, the representative is José Luis Álvarez Martínez of PRI.

Principal roads of Tres Valles.

The municipal area has many roads, both paved and gravel, used for intra- and inter- municipality travel.

The main federal road passing through is Highway 145, which connects La Tinaja, Ciudad Alemán, and Sayula. The entire route is a paved two-lane road, crossing through some important towns such as La Granja, Three Valleys and Novara. On this road are the municipality's main industries: the sugar, and paper mills, the pork processor and rice fields.

• Tres Valles – Poblado 3 Road, two lanes and paved.

• Tres Valles – Los Naranjos Road, with a paved stretch from Tres Valles to Loma San Juan.

• Loma San Juan – Los Naranjos Road, two-laned dirt road.

• La Granja – Temascal Road, two-laned and paved.

The Tres Valles sugar mill was built by the Federal Government in 1978 to meet the requirements of refined sugar in the production of soft drinks. It has been operated since 1988 by PIASA and has a milling capacity of approximately 11,000 tons of cane a day, generating more than 1500 tons of sugar per 24 hours.

On June 22, 1972, saw the creation of Papel Periódico on the instructions of then-president of Mexico, Luis Echeverría Álvarez, for the manufacture of newsprint, using sugarcane as the basic raw material.

Tres Valles is the largest producer of sugarcane in the state and the fifth largest nationally. According to SAGARPA. In 2009, 28,000 hectares were under cultivation with 24,000 being crushed by the Tres Valles mill. The sugar industry is the most important generator of jobs in the local economy, and the main source of income for at least 14,000 people.

Within Mexico, Veracruz and Campeche are the major producers of rice. Tres Valles is the largest producer of rice in the state of Veracruz and the first nationally.

As an extremely fertile municipality, there are many agricultural products grown for personal consumption or for sale. These include: