United Provinces of Central Italy

The United Provinces of Central Italy (Italian: Province Unite del Centro Italia), also known as the Confederation of Central Italy or General Government of Central Italy, was a short-lived military government established by the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia. It was formed by a union of the former Grand Duchy of Tuscany, Duchy of Parma, Duchy of Modena, and the Papal Legations, after the Second Italian War of Independence.

United Provinces of Central Italy Province Unite del Centro Italia (Italian)
1859–1860
Left: Flag of the United Provinces Right: Flag used in Tuscany
The United Provinces of Central Italy (green)
Status	Client state of the Kingdom of Sardinia
Capital	Modena
Common languages	Italian, Tuscan, Emilian-Romagnol
Government	Military government
• King	Victor Emmanuel II
• Governor General	Carlo Bon Compagni di Mombello
• Appointed Regent	Eugenio Emanuele di Savoia-Carignano
Historical era	Late modern
• Revolution	8 December 1859
• Annexation	22 March 1860
Currency	Sardinian lira, Tuscan florin
Preceded by Succeeded by Grand Duchy of Tuscany Duchy of Parma Duchy of Modena and Reggio Papal Legations Kingdom of Sardinia
Today part of	Italy

After August 1859, the pro-Piedmontese regimes of Tuscany, Parma, Modena and the Papal Legations agreed to several military treaties. On 7 November 1859, they elected Eugenio Emanuele di Savoia-Carignano as their regent. However, King Victor Emmanuel II of Savoy, who was allied to France which claimed a counterpart, refused to endorse the election, and sent Carlo Bon Compagni instead as the Governor General of Central Italy, who was responsible for the diplomatic and military affairs of the states.

On 8 December 1859, Parma, Modena and the Papal Legations were incorporated into the Royal Provinces of Emilia. After plebiscites were held during March 1860, and France was granted Nice and Savoy, the territory was annexed formally to Piedmont-Sardinia, as Bon Compagni resigned on 3 March 1860.