Deslorelin

Deslorelin, sold under the brand names Ovuplant, SucroMate, and Suprelorin among others, is an injectable gonadotropin releasing hormone superagonist (GnRH agonist) which is used in veterinary medicine for various indications.

Deslorelin
Clinical data
Trade namesOvuplant, SucroMate, Suprelorin, others
AHFS/Drugs.comInternational Drug Names
Pregnancy
category
  • X (USA)
Routes of
administration		Implant
Drug classGnRH analogue; GnRH agonist; Antigonadotropin
ATCvet code
Pharmacokinetic data
ExcretionRenal
Identifiers
IUPAC name
  • (2S)-N-[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2R)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)-1-[(2S)-2-(ethylcarbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]-5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carboxamide
CAS Number
PubChem CID
ChemSpider
UNII
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.165.050
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC64H83N17O12
Molar mass1282.475 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
SMILES
  • CCNC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCN1C(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(=N)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H](Cc2c[nH]c3c2cccc3)NC(=O)[C@H](Cc4ccc(cc4)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](Cc5c[nH]c6c5cccc6)NC(=O)[C@H](Cc7cnc[nH]7)NC(=O)[C@@H]8CCC(=O)N8
InChI
  • InChI=1S/C64H83N17O12/c1-4-68-62(92)53-16-10-24-81(53)63(93)46(15-9-23-69-64(65)66)74-56(86)47(25-35(2)3)75-58(88)49(27-37-30-70-43-13-7-5-11-41(37)43)77-57(87)48(26-36-17-19-40(83)20-18-36)76-61(91)52(33-82)80-59(89)50(28-38-31-71-44-14-8-6-12-42(38)44)78-60(90)51(29-39-32-67-34-72-39)79-55(85)45-21-22-54(84)73-45/h5-8,11-14,17-20,30-32,34-35,45-53,70-71,82-83H,4,9-10,15-16,21-29,33H2,1-3H3,(H,67,72)(H,68,92)(H,73,84)(H,74,86)(H,75,88)(H,76,91)(H,77,87)(H,78,90)(H,79,85)(H,80,89)(H4,65,66,69)/t45-,46-,47-,48-,49+,50-,51-,52-,53-/m0/s1 N
  • Key:GJKXGJCSJWBJEZ-XRSSZCMZSA-N N
 NY (what is this?)  (verify)

Uses

Veterinary

Deslorein is used in veterinary medicine. One commercial form of deslorelin acetate is marketed by Peptech with the brand name Ovuplant.[1] Another form is available in the United States, Sucromate Equine,[2] which was FDA-approved for use in horses in November 2010.[3] This is manufactured by Thorne BioScience LLC and was introduced to the United States market following the withdrawal of Ovuplant. The deslorelin products are currently approved for use in veterinary medicine and to promote ovulation in mares as part of the artificial insemination process. It is also used to stabilize high-risk pregnancies, mainly of livestock. Unlike other GnRH agonists, which are mainly used to inhibit luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone by their ultimate downregulation of the pituitary gland, Deslorelin is primarily used for the initial flare effect upon the pituitary, and its associated surge of LH secretion. Suprelorin is a slowly releasing deslorelin implant used for chemical castration of dogs and ferrets. It is marketed by Virbac. Deslorelin is also used to treat benign prostate hyperplasia in dogs. It is also used to treat pet parrots suffering from chronic egg laying behavior.[4]

Pharmacology

Pharmacokinetics

Bioavailability is almost complete.

Chemistry

Deslorelin is a synthetic analogue of naturally occurring gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH).

History

Deslorelin was successfully trialed in the U.S. and was approved for veterinary use under certain circumstances. In Europe, it was approved for use in equine assisted reproduction.[5]

Ovuplant was withdrawn from the U.S. market following issues with mares which did not become pregnant failing to return to estrus in a timely manner. Techniques were developed where the implant was removed 48 hours after implantation in the mare,[6] however compounded biorelease Deslorelin products were at the time available as well as more commonly used ovulation promoters such as hCG, which did not produce the same failure effect. Upon "Sucromate Equine" receiving FDA-approval, the compounded products were no longer legally available within the U.S., however they remain available in Australia and New Zealand where an approved version is marketed.

It is also being trialed in humans to study its efficacy in treatment of breast cancer in women,[7] and in treating precocious puberty and congenital adrenal hyperplasia in male and female children.[8]

As of August 2011 this drug was not approved for general use outside the FDA-licensed functions in the U.S., other than within approved clinical trials. Orphan drug status has been designated in the U.S., though approval had not been issued as of 2011.[9]

Research

Deslorelin was under development for the treatment of endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome, precocious puberty, prostate cancer, and uterine fibroids in humans and reached phase III clinical trials for prostate cancer but development was discontinued for all of these indications by 2001.[10]

See also
  • Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor § Agonists

References
  1. Peptech official Ovuplant site
  2. Thorne BioScience official Sucromate site
  3. FDA Approval Release
  4. "TREATMENT OF CHRONIC EGG LAYING". Yarmouth Veterinary Center. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  5. Deslorelin Acetate - European Medicines Agency
  6. McCue PM, Farquhar VJ, Carnevale EM, Squires EL (September 2002). "Removal of deslorelin (Ovuplant) implant 48 h after administration results in normal interovulatory intervals in mares". Theriogenology. 58 (5): 865–70. doi:10.1016/s0093-691x(02)00923-8. PMID 12212887.
  7. Clinical trial number NCT00080756 for "Deslorelin Combined With Low-Dose Add-Back Estradiol and Testosterone in Preventing Breast Cancer in Premenopausal Women Who Are at High Risk for This Disease" at ClinicalTrials.gov
  8. Clinical trial number NCT00001521 for "Three Drug Combination Therapy Versus Conventional Treatment of Children With Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia" at ClinicalTrials.gov
  9. "Results for Orphan Drug Product Designations Search". FDA. Retrieved 3 September 2011.
  10. "Deslorelin". Adis Insight. Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
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