Methanosarcinaceae

In taxonomy, the Methanosarcinaceae are a family of the Methanosarcinales.[1]

Methanosarcinaceae
Methanosarcina barkeri fusaro
Scientific classification
Domain:
Archaea
Kingdom:
Euryarchaeota
Phylum:
Euryarchaeota
Class:
Methanomicrobia
Order:
Methanosarcinales
Family:
Methanosarcinaceae

Balch and Wolfe 1981
Genera

Phylogeny

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN)[2] and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)[1]

16S rRNA-based LTP_01_2022[3][4][5] 53 marker proteins based GTDB 07-RS207[6][7][8]
 
 
 

Methanohalobium Zhilina & Zavarzin 1988

 
 

Methanosalsum Boone and Baker 2002

 
 
 
 
 

Methanococcoides Sowers and Ferry 1985

 
 

Methanohalophilus Paterek and Smith 1988

 
 
 
 
 

Methanomethylovorans Lomans et al. 2004

 
 

Methanolobus König and Stetter 1983

 
 
 
 

Methanimicrococcus Sprenger et al. 2000

 
 

Methanosarcina Kluyver and van Niel 1936

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Methanimicrococcus

 
 

Methanosarcina

 
 
 
 
 

Methanohalobium

 
 

Methanosalsum

 
 
 
 
 

Methanococcoides

 
 

Methanohalophilus

 
 
 
 

Methanomethylovorans

 
 

Methanolobus

 
 
 
 
 

Biochemistry

A notable trait of Methanosarcinaceae is that they are methanogens that incorporate the unusual amino acid pyrrolysine into their enzymes.[9] The enzyme monomethylamine methyltransferase catalyzes the reaction of monomethylamine to methane. This enzyme includes pyrrolysine. The unusual amino acid is inserted using a unique tRNA, the anticodon of which is UAG. In most organisms, and in most Methanosarcinaceae proteins, UAG is a stop codon. However in this enzyme, and anywhere else pyrrolysine is incorporated, likely through contextual markers on the mRNA, the pyrrolysine-loaded tRNA is inserted instead of the release factor. They also have a unique aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase to specifically load this tRNA with pyrrolysine. This unique adaptation is still the subject of significant study.

See also

References
  1. Sayers; et al. "Methanosarcinaceae". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database. Retrieved 2022-06-05.
  2. J.P. Euzéby. "Methanosarcinaceae". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). Retrieved 2021-11-17.
  3. "The LTP". Retrieved 23 February 2022.
  4. "LTP_all tree in newick format". Retrieved 23 February 2022.
  5. "LTP_01_2022 Release Notes" (PDF). Retrieved 23 February 2022.
  6. "GTDB release 07-RS207". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 20 June 2022.
  7. "ar53_r207.sp_labels". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 20 June 2022.
  8. "Taxon History". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 20 June 2022.
  9. Lehninger A, Nelson D, Cox M. Lehninger principles of biochemistry. 6th ed. New York: W.H. Freeman; 2013 p. 1124-1126.

Further reading

Scientific journals

Scientific books
  • Boone DR; Whitman WB; Koga Y (2001). "Order III. Methanosarcinales ord. nov.". In DR Boone; RW Castenholz (eds.). Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology Volume 1: The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria (2nd ed.). New York: Springer Verlag. pp. 169. ISBN 978-0-387-98771-2.
  • Grant WD; Kamekura M; McGenity TJ; Ventosa A (2001). "Class III. Halobacteria class. nov.". In DR Boone; RW Castenholz (eds.). Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology Volume 1: The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria (2nd ed.). New York: Springer Verlag. pp. 169. ISBN 978-0-387-98771-2.

Scientific databases
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