Mycolicibacter terrae

Mycolicibacter terrae (formerly Mycobacterium terrae) is a slow-growing species of mycobacteria.[1][5] It is an ungrouped member of the third Runyon (nonchromatogenic mycobacteria). It is known to cause serious skin infections, which are "relatively resistant to antibiotic therapy".[6]

Mycolicibacter terrae
Scientific classification
Domain: Bacteria
Phylum: Actinomycetota
Class: Actinomycetia
Order: Mycobacteriales
Family: Mycobacteriaceae
Genus: Mycolicibacter
Species:
M. terrae
Binomial name
Mycolicibacter terrae
(Wayne 1966) Gupta et al. 2018[1][2][3]
Type strain[4]
ATCC 15755
CCUG 27847
CIP 104321
DSM 43227
JCM 12143
LMG 10394
Synonyms[3]
  • Mycobacterium terrae Wayne 1966 (Approved Lists 1980)

Discovery

Richmond and Cummings were the first to isolate Mycobacterium terrae, which they described as "an acid‐fast saprophyte".[7] It is sometimes called the "radish bacillus", because it was isolated from radish water.

Pathology

This bacterium was originally injected into guinea pigs, and did not cause apparent illness, leading to the misconception that this strain was nonpathogenic. In reality, however, infection by this organism can cause disease of the joints, tendons, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, and genitourinary tract.[6] In humans, symptoms of infection include swelling, lesions, and inflammation, and may mimic the symptoms of osteoarthritis.[6]

Uses

This bacterium is used to study effectiveness of disinfection processes for reusable medical instruments.

Mycobacterium terrae is used during validations of reprocessing procedures of surgical instruments, more specifically as a test organism in determining disinfection efficiency. In order to establish a microbial count the extraction media is filtered and the filters are then placed onto agar plates for an incubation of up to 21 days at 37°± 2 °C. At the end of the incubation period the number of colony forming units are counted. This count is used to calculate the log reduction to determine disinfection efficiency. The Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI) Technical Information Report TIR30 lists acceptance criteria for this test.

References
  1. Wayne LG. (1966). "Classification and identification of mycobacteria. 3. Species within group 3". Am Rev Respir Dis. 93 (6): 919–928. doi:10.1164/arrd.1966.93.6.919 (inactive 2022-08-31). PMID 5942239.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of August 2022 (link)
  2. Skerman VBD, McGowan V, Sneath PHA. (1980). "Approved lists of bacterial names". Int J Syst Bacteriol. 30: 225–420. doi:10.1099/00207713-30-1-225.
  3. Gupta, Radhey S.; Lo, Brian; Son, Jeen (2018-02-13). "Phylogenomics and Comparative Genomic Studies Robustly Support Division of the Genus Mycobacterium into an Emended Genus Mycobacterium and Four Novel Genera". Frontiers in Microbiology. 9: 67. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.00067. ISSN 1664-302X. PMC 5819568. PMID 29497402.
  4. Euzéby JP, Parte AC. "Mycolicibacter terrae". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). Retrieved June 27, 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
  5. Bohrerova, Z.; Linden, K.G. (November 2006). "Assessment of DNA damage and repair in Mycobacterium terrae after exposure to UV irradiation". J. Appl. Microbiol. 101 (5): 995–1001. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.2006.03023.x. PMID 17040222.
  6. Smith, D. Scott; Lindholm-Levy, Pamela; Huitt, Gwen A.; Heifets, Leonid B.; Cook, James L. (2000). "Mycobacterium terrae: Case Reports, Literature Review, and in vitro Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing". Clinical Infectious Diseases. Oxford University Press. 30 (3): 444–53. doi:10.1086/313693. ISSN 1058-4838. JSTOR 4461065. PMID 10722426.
  7. Richmond, L.; Cummings, MM. (1950). "An evaluation of methods of testing the virulence of acid-fast bacilli". American Review of Tuberculosis. 62 (6): 632–7. doi:10.1164/art.1950.62.6.632 (inactive 2022-08-31). ISSN 1535-4970. PMID 14799779.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of August 2022 (link)
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