XK (protein)
XK (also known as Kell blood group precursor) is a protein found on human red blood cells and other tissues which is responsible for the Kx antigen which helps determine a person's blood type.
| XK (protein) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Identifiers | |||||||
| Symbol | XK | ||||||
| Alt. symbols | XKR1, Kx, X1k | ||||||
| NCBI gene | 7504 | ||||||
| HGNC | 12811 | ||||||
| OMIM | 314850 | ||||||
| PDB | BAE48708 | ||||||
| RefSeq | NM_021083 | ||||||
| UniProt | P51811 | ||||||
| Other data | |||||||
| Locus | Chr. X p21.2-p21.1 | ||||||
| |||||||
Clinical significance
The Kx antigen plays a role in matching blood for blood transfusions.
Mutation of XK protein may lead to McLeod syndrome,[1] a multi-system disorder characterized by hemolytic anemia, myopathy, acanthocytosis, and chorea.[2]
XK is located on the X chromosome (cytogenetic band Xp21.1) and absence of the XK protein is an X-linked disease.[3]
Function
XK is a membrane transport protein of unknown action.[4]
References
- Arnaud L, Salachas F, Lucien N, et al. (March 2009). "Identification and characterization of a novel XK splice site mutation in a patient with McLeod syndrome". Transfusion. 49 (3): 479–84. doi:10.1111/j.1537-2995.2008.02003.x. PMID 19040496. S2CID 27198922.
- Malandrini, A; Fabrizi, GM; Truschi, F; Di Pietro, G; Moschini, F; Bartalucci, P; Berti, G; Salvadori, C; et al. (1994). "Atypical McLeod syndrome manifested as X-linked chorea-acanthocytosis, neuromyopathy and dilated cardiomyopathy: report of a family". Journal of the Neurological Sciences. 124 (1): 89–94. doi:10.1016/0022-510X(94)90016-7. PMID 7931427. S2CID 27859436.
- Ho, MF; Monaco, AP; Blonden, LA; Van Ommen, GJ; Affara, NA; Ferguson-Smith, MA; Lehrach, H (1992). "Fine mapping of the McLeod locus (XK) to a 150-380-kb region in Xp21". American Journal of Human Genetics. 50 (2): 317–30. PMC 1682457. PMID 1734714.
- Jung, HH; Russo, D; Redman, C; Brandner, S (2001). "Kell and XK immunohistochemistry in McLeod myopathy". Muscle & Nerve. 24 (10): 1346–51. doi:10.1002/mus.1154. PMID 11562915. S2CID 44749645.
External links
- GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on McLeod Neuroacanthocytosis Syndrome
- XK at BGMUT Blood Group Antigen Gene Mutation Database at NCBI, NIH
- XK+protein,+human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
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