Zygomaticus major muscle
The zygomaticus major muscle is a muscle of the human body. It extends from each zygomatic arch (cheekbone) to the corners of the mouth. It is a muscle of facial expression which draws the angle of the mouth superiorly and posteriorly to allow one to smile. Bifid zygomaticus major muscle is a notable variant, and may cause cheek dimples.
Zygomaticus major | |
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Details | |
Origin | anterior of zygomatic |
Insertion | modiolus of the mouth |
Artery | facial artery |
Nerve | zygomatic and buccal branches of the facial nerve |
Actions | draws the angle of the mouth upward laterally |
Identifiers | |
Latin | musculus zygomaticus major |
TA98 | A04.1.03.029 |
TA2 | 2079 |
FMA | 46810 |
Anatomical terms of muscle |
Structure
The zygomaticus major muscle originates from the upper margin of the temporal process, part of the lateral surface of the zygomatic bone.[1][2] It inserts into tissue at the corner of the mouth.[2]
Nerve supply
The zygomaticus major muscle is supplied by a buccal branch and a zygomatic branch of the facial nerve (VII).
Variation
The zygomaticus major muscle may occur in a bifid form, with two fascicles that are partially or completely separate from each other but adjacent.[1][3] Usually a single unit, dimples are caused by variations in form.[4][5] It is thought that cheek dimples are caused by bifid zygomaticus major muscle.[3]
Function
The zygomaticus major muscle raises the corners of the mouth and draws them posteriorly when a person smiles.[6] The average muscle can contract with a force of 200 g.[2]
Clinical significance
The zygomaticus major muscle may be used in reconstructive surgery to replace lost tissue, such as with injuries to the lips.[7]
Image
- Position of zygomaticus major muscle. Animation.
- Muscles of the head, face, and neck. Zygomaticus major shown in red.
See also
References
- "Zygomaticus major muscle bony attachment site: a Thiel-embalmed cadaver study". Morphologie. 105 (348): 24–28. 2021-02-01. doi:10.1016/j.morpho.2020.06.009. ISSN 1286-0115.
- Kim, Kyoung-Eun; Oh, Seung Ha; Lee, Shi-Uk; Chung, Sun G. (2009-10-01). "Application of isometric load on a facial muscle – The zygomaticus major". Clinical Biomechanics. 24 (8): 606–612. doi:10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2009.06.008. ISSN 0268-0033 – via ScienceDirect.
- Pessa, Joel E.; Zadoo, Vikram P.; Garza, Peter A.; Adrian, Erle K.; Dewitt, Adriane I.; Garza, Jaime R. (1998). "Double or bifid zygomaticus major muscle: Anatomy, incidence, and clinical correlation". Clinical Anatomy. 11 (5): 310–313. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2353(1998)11:5<310::AID-CA3>3.0.CO;2-T. PMID 9725574.
- "Dimple Creation – Cute as a button, who pays for a deformity?".
- "Zygomaticus Major Muscle Function, Origin & Anatomy".
- Stel, Mariëlle; van Dijk, Eric; Olivier, Einav (2009). "You Want to Know the Truth? Then Don't Mimic!". Psychological Science. 20 (6): 694. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02350.x. PMID 19422628.
- Lidhar, T.; Sharma, S.; Ethunandan, M. (2021-01-01). "Split zygomaticus major muscle sling reconstruction for significant lower lip defects". British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 59 (1): 106–108. doi:10.1016/j.bjoms.2020.06.031. ISSN 0266-4356 – via ScienceDirect.