Bad Romance

"Bad Romance" is a song by American singer Lady Gaga from her third extended play (EP), The Fame Monster (2009)—the reissue of her debut studio album, The Fame (2008). Gaga co-wrote and co-produced the song with RedOne. Following an illegal demo leak, Gaga premiered the song's final version during the finale of Alexander McQueen's 2010 Paris Fashion Week show in October 2009 and released it as the lead single from The Fame Monster later that month. Musically, it is an electropop and dance-pop song with a spoken bridge. Inspired by German house and techno, the song was developed as an experimental pop record. Lyrically, Gaga drew from the paranoia she experienced while on tour and wrote about her attraction to unhealthy romantic relationships.

"Bad Romance"
Single by Lady Gaga
from the EP The Fame Monster
Written2009
ReleasedOctober 19, 2009
Recorded2009
Studio
  • Record Plant (Los Angeles)
  • FC Walvisch (Amsterdam)
Genre
  • Electropop
  • dance-pop
Length4:54
Label
Songwriter(s)
  • Stefani Germanotta
  • Nadir Khayat
Producer(s)
  • RedOne
  • Lady Gaga
Lady Gaga singles chronology
"Paparazzi"
(2009)		 "Bad Romance"
(2009)		 "Video Phone"
(2009)
Music video
"Bad Romance" on YouTube

"Bad Romance" was acclaimed by music critics for its chorus, beat and hook. Retrospective reviewers called it Gaga's best song. It topped the charts in more than 20 countries and sold 12 million copies worldwide, becoming one of the best-selling singles of all time. In the US, the song peaked at number two on the Billboard Hot 100 chart and was certified eleven times Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America, having sold 5.9 million digital downloads as of 2019. "Bad Romance" won a Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance, and was included in annual "best-of" lists of the media outlets Rolling Stone and Pitchfork; in 2021, the former named it one of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time. In a 2017 journal, which studied structural patterns in melodies of earworm songs, American Psychological Association called "Bad Romance" the catchiest in the world.

The music video for "Bad Romance", directed by Francis Lawrence, features Gaga inside a surreal white bathhouse where she is kidnapped and drugged by supermodels who sell her to the Russian mafia for sexual slavery. The video ends as Gaga immolates the man who bought her. It garnered acclaim from critics for its fashion, choreography, costumes and symbolism. Briefly becoming the most-viewed YouTube video in 2010, it received a record ten nominations at the MTV Video Music Awards, winning seven, including Video of the Year. It received the Grammy Award for Best Music Video and was named the best music video of the 21st century by Billboard. Gaga has performed "Bad Romance" at television shows, award ceremonies, her concert tours and residency shows, and the Super Bowl LI halftime show.

Background and release
RedOne (pictured in 2017) co-wrote and co-produced the song with Gaga.

Lady Gaga and RedOne wrote, produced and arranged "Bad Romance"; they were also responsible for background vocals. RedOne solely handled instrumentation, programming and recording. He worked with Johny Severin on vocal editing, and Dave Russell and Eelco Bakker on audio engineering. The song was mixed by Spike Stent and mastered by Gene Grimaldi. "Bad Romance" was recorded at the Record Plant in Los Angeles and FC Walvisch in Amsterdam.[1]

Before its official release, a demo version was published illegally on the internet on October 2, 2009, prompting Gaga to comment via Twitter that it "is makin[g] my ears bleed. Wait till you hear the real version."[2] Gaga performed a snippet of "Bad Romance" on Saturday Night Live on October 3, 2009, along with "Poker Face" and "LoveGame".[3][4] The song's final version premiered during the finale of Alexander McQueen's 2010 Paris Fashion Week show titled Plato's Atlantis,[5] which was his last work before his death a few months later.[6] On October 19, "Bad Romance" was released as the lead single from the extended play (EP) The Fame Monster (2009), the reissue of Gaga's debut studio album, The Fame (2008).[7][8]

"Bad Romance" was one of the songs Gaga wrote in 2009 while touring. These songs were about the various abstract "monsters"—metaphors for her paranoias—she faced during the tour.[9][10] Gaga explained that she generally felt lonely in her relationships and was attracted to unhealthy romances, which became the song's themes.[11] Gaga wrote the lyrics in Norway on her tour bus. She elaborated on the writing process in an interview with Grazia:

I was in Russia, then Germany, and spent a lot of time in Eastern Europe. There is this amazing German house-techno music, so I wanted to make a pop experimental record. I kind of wanted to leave the '80s a little bit, so the chorus is a '90s melody, which is what the inspiration was. There was certainly some whisky involved in the writing of the record. It's about being in love with your best friend.[12]

Music and lyrics

"Bad Romance" is an electropop and dance-pop song with house, new wave and techno influences.[12][13][14] Sociologist Mathieu Deflem recognized rock influences in the song.[15] BBC critic Paul Lester noted rave-inspired synthesizer sounds in the song.[16] According to the sheet music on Musicnotes.com, the song is set in common time with a metronome of 119 beats per minute. It is composed in the key of A minor; Gaga's vocal range spans from the low-note of E3 to the high-note of C5. The song follows in the chord progression of Am–C–F–C–G in the verses and F–G–Am–C–F–G–E–Am in the chorus.[17]

Describing Gaga's voice in "Bad Romance", Deflem wrote that it is "at times raw and raspy, not soft and smooth, and incorporates the contrast of gentle and harsh vocal styles, alternating singing softly with screaming loudly".[15] The song opens as Gaga sings a portion of the chorus, then transitions into the "Rah-rah—ah-ah-ah, Roma-roma-ma, Gaga-ooh-la-la" hook, which she says is an abbreviation of the word "romance".[18] The song then incorporates keyboard sounds.[2] They are followed by the first verse and the pre-chorus as Gaga voices the lines, "You know that I want you / And you know that I need you". The "full-throated" chorus follows, where she sings, "You and me could write a bad romance ... / Caught in a bad romance."[2]

In the lyrics, Gaga name-checks three films by director Alfred Hitchcock (pictured).

Critics noted the influence of others songs and artists on "Bad Romance". Sal Cinquemani of Slant Magazine noticed influences from 1980s music.[14] Simon Price from The Independent and Daniel Brockman of The Phoenix compared the song to works of the groups Boney M. and Depeche Mode, respectively.[19][20] In the verse, "I want your psycho, your vertigo shtick, Want you in my Rear Window, Baby, you're sick", Gaga is listing Alfred Hitchcock films. She said, "What I'm really trying to say is I want the deepest, darkest, sickest parts of you that you are afraid to share with anyone because I love you that much."[21] Price stated that the line "I want your ugly, I want your disease" established the grim tone of The Fame Monster.[19]

The lyrics address a bad relationship;[1][22] the Boston Public Health Commission included "Bad Romance" in its "Top 10 List of Songs with Unhealthy Relationship Ingredients".[23] For Brockman, the song is a declaration of "liberation from a significant other".[20] Explaining its title, author Robin James in the book Resilience & Melancholy: Pop Music, Feminism, Neoliberalism wrote it does not romanticize "bad" things but is only "pointing out the badness of conventionally-scripted pop song 'romance' itself".[24]

Katrin Horn, a postdoctoral fellow in American studies, found that "Bad Romance" works on two levels. As the gay and lesbian youth account for a large proportion of Gaga's fans, the line "I don't wanna be friends"—which explores the issue of falling in love with one's heterosexual best friend—resonates with them. On the other hand, the song thematizes Gaga's "bad romance" with fame and fortune. Horn interpreted the part "all your lovers' revenge" as Gaga referencing her fans' previous idols, and in the line "I want your love", she is seeking applause from her fans when performing live.[25]

Critical reception

"Bad Romance" received widespread critical acclaim.[26] It was named the best song on The Fame Monster by Maureen Lee Lanker of Entertainment Weekly.[27] It was included in lists of best songs of 2009 by Pitchfork—which called it "epic in construction"—MTV News and Rolling Stone.[28][29][30] Calling it one of the "most memorable pop singles" of the late 2000s, NME credits the song with establishing Gaga as an icon.[31] In his review of the album, Scott Plagenhoef of Pitchfork found it "arguably the best pop single" of 2009.[32]

"Bad Romance" was praised for its chorus, beat and hook. Kaufman lauded the drastic transition into a bombastic beat during the chorus,[2] which was called catchy by Rolling Stone's Jody Rosen,[33] one of Gaga's best by MusicOMH's Michael Hubbard[34] and "so wonderfully big it dwarfs the industry of a million angry dudes with guitars" by NME's Emily Mackay.[35] Christopher John Farley from The Wall Street Journal praised the "Jabberwockian" catchiness of the hook.[36] Other reviewers commented on the song's sex appeal,[37] praised it for making Gaga's name a "Teutonic chant",[38] and called it a "turbocharged Euro-soul"[39] and a club-friendly tune that possessed a "sordid underbelly".[40]

"Bad Romance" was compared to Gaga's previous singles (including "Just Dance" and "Poker Face") by reviewers, with the criticism that it was not on par with them and lacked their instant catch.[2][22][37][41][42] Critics compared Gaga to other artists. Kitty Empire of The Guardian wrote "Bad Romance" made "this driven, uncharismatic Italian-American being [Gaga] the new Madonna",[43] and Spin's Josh Modell thought that with its "earworm nonsense lyric ('[r]a-ra-a-a-a, ra-ma, uh-uh-ah!')", the song "plays like the best Madonna song in ages".[44] Jon Blistein from L Magazine believed it is an amalgamation of a Cher song, "faux-European accented verse" and "bland spoken-word bridge".[45]

Chart performance

In the US, "Bad Romance" debuted at number nine on the Billboard Hot 100 on November 14, 2009, with 143,000 digital downloads.[46] After two weeks, the song reached number two, holding the spot for seven non-consecutive weeks. It was barred from the top position by Jay-Z's "Empire State of Mind" (featuring Alicia Keys) and later Kesha's "Tik Tok" (both 2009). The movement to number two was first prompted by a 49% digital gain, which led to the song's top spot on the Hot Digital Songs chart.[47] As of February 2019, "Bad Romance" has sold 5.9 million copies in the US, according to Nielsen Soundscan,[48] making Gaga the second artist after Katy Perry to have three singles—along with "Just Dance" and "Poker Face"—each sell five million digital copies.[49] After the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) started including video streams in their tabulation of the single certifications, "Bad Romance" was certified 11× platinum for 11 million in sales and streaming.[50] According to Nielsen Broadcast Data Systems, it briefly set the record for most weekly plays in the 17-year history of the Pop Songs chart, registering 10,859 plays from 130 radio stations monitored for the chart.[51] Following Gaga's Super Bowl LI halftime show performance in 2017, "Bad Romance" re-entered the Hot 100 at number 50 and Digital Song Sales at number 9.[52] On the Canadian Hot 100, "Bad Romance" debuted at number 58,[53] and reached number one the following week.[54] Replaced by "Tik Tok" for two weeks, "Bad Romance" returned to the top spot on the chart.[55] Music Canada certified "Bad Romance" septuple platinum, denoting download sales of 280,000 copies.[56]

On the European Hot 100 Singles chart, "Bad Romance" spent two weeks at number one.[57] It topped the charts in Austria, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Ireland, Sweden and Norway.[58][59][60] In the UK, "Bad Romance" debuted at number 14 on the UK Singles Chart.[61] In December 2009, the song reached the top spot with 72,919 copies sold,[62] making Gaga the first female artist to have three number-one singles in one year.[lower-alpha 1] It attained multi-platinum certification by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI).[64] According to the British company Phonographic Performance Limited, the song was the UK's most played in 2010.[65] As of July 2022, "Bad Romance" has sold 1.7 million copies with 84 million streams, making it Gaga's third best selling single in the UK.[66]

"Bad Romance" debuted at number 16 on the ARIA Singles Chart in Australia and at number 33 on the RIANZ Singles Chart in New Zealand.[67][68] The song was certified quadruple platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association for shipment of 280,000 copies.[69] The song sold 9.7 million copies worldwide in 2010—making it the second best-selling of the year[70]—and 12 million as of 2018, becoming one of the best-selling singles of all time.[71][26]

Music video

Development
Francis Lawrence (pictured in 2015) directed the music video.

In an interview with Rolling Stone, Gaga confirmed Francis Lawrence as the director of the music video and said that she was impressed with the final version.[72] She explained, "I knew [Lawrence's] ability as a director is so much higher than what I could [do]."[73] Her creative team Haus of Gaga managed the art direction,[72] and the final video premiered on November 10, 2009. Gaga described her experience of working with Lawrence:

I wanted somebody with a tremendous understanding of how to make a pop video, because my biggest challenge working with directors is that I am the director and I write the treatments and I get the fashion and I decide what it's about and it's very hard to find directors that will relinquish any sort of input from the artist ... But Francis and I worked together ... It was collaborative. He's a really pop video director and a filmmaker ... I knew he could execute the video in a way that I could give him all my weirdest, most psychotic ideas ... But it would come across to and be relevant to the public.[73]

Gaga and Lawrence developed the music video's concept. It was initially planned to be shot in New York City, with more elaborate sets and outdoor space. Owing to the low budget and a lack of product placement, this idea was scrapped. Because of Gaga's schedule, it was shot in Los Angeles over a two-day period. Lawrence was impressed with Gaga's work ethic and creativity during the video shoot; he praised her teamwork, punctuality and spontaneity.[74]

Synopsis
The video's choreography drew comparisons to that of Michael Jackson's Thriller. The white latex suits in the video were inspired by the wolf costume from the film Where the Wild Things Are.[75]

The video's main idea is that Gaga gets kidnapped by supermodels who drug her and sell her to the Russian mafia for a million rubles. It takes place in a fluorescent white bathhouse.[73][76] The video begins as Gaga, wearing razor-blade glasses, sits on a white throne in a brightly-lit white room while Johann Sebastian Bach's "Fugue No. 24" is playing in the background. As she plays "Bad Romance" on an iPod speaker, a dimly-lit bathhouse is shown, which has a sign reading "Bath Haus of GaGa" on its walls. As the song's first hook begins, Gaga and other women in latex suits crawl out of white, coffin-like pods, and begin dancing. A pastiche of ensuing scenes alternates between Gaga singing to herself in front of a mirror and lying in a bathtub.

During the chorus, two women pull Gaga out of the bathtub, rip her top clothing off and force her to drink a glass of vodka. As the second verse begins, Gaga, wearing a diamond-covered outfit and a crown, seductively dances for men bidding for her. She performs a lap dance for one of them (played by Slovenian model Jurij Bradač),[77] who becomes her highest bidder. When the chorus plays for the third time, Gaga is shown wearing a faux-polar bear hide jacket and walking toward the man who is sitting on a bed and unbuttoning his shirt. Looking indifferent, she removes her jacket and sunglasses. The bed spontaneously combusts while he is still sitting on it, and Gaga sings sinisterly in front of the flames. The video ends as she lies beside a smoldering skeleton on top of the destroyed bed covered in ashes. With soot smeared across her body, she calmly smokes a cigarette as her pyrotechnic bra activates.

Reception

The video received general acclaim for its fashion, choreography, futuristic set-piece and costumes.[lower-alpha 2] Gaga, described by Christopher John Farley of The Wall Street Journal as "one of the few pop stars of the present time who really understood spectacle, fashion, shock, choreography" like Madonna and Michael Jackson in the 1980s,[36] was particularly praised by Jennifer Cady of E! for revitalizing performance art and putting thoughts and care into her products;[81] Todd Martens of the Los Angeles Times expressed similar sentiments, believing the video to be "worthy of a feature-length film".[83] Critics positively commented on her looks, as they found her minimal use of make-up and the appearance of a "stripped down" and "real" Gaga refreshing.[84][85][86]

Media outlets noted the music video was reminiscent of the film Blade Runner (1982), Anubis Airlines from the television series True Blood (2008–2014), the works of filmmaker Stanley Kubrick and Michael Jackson's Thriller.[79][86][87] The comparison to the lattermost was made because of the scene with the coffin pods,[85] "twitchy [...] dance moves",[83] and zombie-like arm movements.[84][85] Farley thought the video's shock art resembled Jackson's work during the 1980s.[36] For Evan Sawdey of PopMatters, it remained unclear whether Gaga deliberately paid homage to Thriller or used this as another excuse to wear "the mostweirdass [sic] outfits ever designed by mankind".[75]

Thematic analysis

Gaga said that the human trafficking in the video is a metaphor for the music industry's treatment of women as a "commodity".[88] In the book Lady Gaga: Behind the Fame, Emily Herbert drew comparisons between the underlying theme of the video and the theme of The Fame Monster—Gaga's relationship with fame. Herbert wrote, "Was this the price that Gaga had to pay for the fame she so desired? Did she feel as if she'd had to prostitute herself in some way? The themes were all based around sex, decadence, and corruption; alcohol and even cigarettes, twenty-first century society's biggest no-no, were present, and so by implication ... drugs."[89]

Jocelyn Vena from MTV News and Troy Peterson of Slate believed that the video was symbolic. As it begins with Gaga around people representing her characters from The Fame videos, she is immediately kidnapped, drugged and changed into "the super-sexy, somewhat spooky Fame Monster version". Vena interpreted this as Gaga reinventing her image and being someone who likes to "push the boundaries and explor[e] all manner of sexual proclivities". She felt that the video was a testament to Gaga's brilliance as an artist who uses her videos to visualize the start of her career's next phase.[86] Peterson found religious symbolism in the video. He believed, for example, that the scenes with Gaga in the bathtub represented baptism and the women with martini were performing communion.[90]

The video's style, fashion and items were subject to analysis. The pair of razor-blade sunglasses that Gaga wore portrayed tough female spirit; she explained, "It's meant to be, 'This is my shield, this is my weapon, this is my inner sense of fame, this is my monster."[73] Author Robin James found Gaga's style in the video to be heavily inspired by goth fashion and aesthetics, including the Victorian-esque furniture and razor-blade eyeglasses. By visualizing "goth monstrosity", Gaga showcases sexual norms and identities to display the struggle she overcomes. For example, the words "Bath Haus of GaGa" in the video allude to English goth band Bauhaus, and her nude scene highlights her thin body's "grotesqueness" and vertebrae, which look like the ridges on a reptile's back.[91] James associated the "disgusting, distorted, monstrous bodies and movements" with the sexism Gaga faces. She described the video as Gaga's "conquest of the male gaze, the traffic in women and rape culture", which she felt was highlighted in Gaga's "insect" suit with Alexander McQueen's 12-inch (300 mm) armadillo heels resembling lobster-claws—a reference to a female mantis who cannibalizes her male partner after copulation.[92][93] Mass media theorist Paul Hegarty saw Gaga's use of the heels as a combination of dominance and submission: their height restricts her movement, indicating submissiveness, but her ability to walk in them signifies a subversive dominance.[94] In this way, the video "looks at complicity with controls as a way of surmounting them".[95]

Critics analyzed the ending scene, in which Gaga defeats the villain. Gaga kills her captor using a sparkling, pyrotechnic bra after having had sex with him. According to Mathieu Deflem, the bra represents Gaga's thoughts on society perceiving female breasts as a "weapon" when they are simply part of a woman's body.[96] Author Annette Lynch found the bra a symbol for empowerment, writing that Gaga uses her sexuality to defeat the villain.[97] During this scene, Gaga is seen calmly smoking a cigarette, which to Gilad Padva in the Journal of LGBT Youth indicated that she liked the sexual encounter with her captor, who dies after being exploited by a "voracious" Gaga—an "unruly woman"[lower-alpha 3] prioritizing her own satisfaction over attempting to please her male partner. Padva found that this comically reversed "hegemonic [hetro]sexuality", where the submissive and exploited is now dominating and exploiting.[98] In the book The Performance Identities of Lady Gaga: Critical Essays, Jennifer M. Santos believed by overpowering her captor, Gaga redefined gender roles and subverted male fantasies of "fetishistic scopophilia" and "sadistic voyeurism" as evident in the scene where Gaga is forced to strip almost naked and dance for her buyers.[99]

Accolades and impact
See also: List of awards and nominations received by Lady Gaga

In 2011, "Bad Romance" won the Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance.[100] In 2015, Billboard called the song "the Biggest Hot 100 Hit to Peak at No. 2", describing it as a "modern classic".[101] A 2017 journal published by Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts studying structural patterns in the melodies of earworm songs compiled lists of catchiest tracks from 3,000 participants, in which "Bad Romance" ranked number one.[102] In 2021, Rolling Stone named "Bad Romance" one of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.[103] The following year, Billboard listed it as one of the "100 Best Karaoke Songs of All Time".[104]

"If there's one song that defines Lady Gaga, it's this one. A highly successful blend of pop and synth maximalism, 'Bad Romance' was a tour de force by all accounts: brilliant lyrics; a shimmery, fashion-forward music video; record-breaking sales; and Lady Gaga's singular voice at its most guttural and raw."

—Britt Julious, Elle (2019)[82]

Media outlets Belfast Telegraph, Rolling Stone, Billboard, The Guardian, The Independent, Vulture, Uproxx and Glamour ranked "Bad Romance" as Gaga's best song.[lower-alpha 4] For Vulture, it defined the late 2000s and "completed her transformation into a truly fearless, all-encompassing artist".[109] Rolling Stone believed the song epitomized the "essence of Gagaism"[lower-alpha 5] and Billboard opined it captured "her grandiose aesthetic, daring songwriting, lyrical flourishes and dramatic vocal flair".[106] According to Uproxx, the song had elements that influenced Gaga's later work—"pure pop melodies, nods to her love for '80s and '90s dance, pop culture references [...] a radio-friendly chorus that sticks on the charts like honey, and a hefty dose of 'WTF' weirdness that keeps the singer in her own lane".[110] Author Constantine Chatzipapatheodoridis cited "Bad Romance" as one of the signature songs on The Fame Monster, in which Gaga immersed in "her stylized profile of the 'mad artist'", who challenged traditional gender norms and sexuality.[112]

In May 2010, "Bad Romance" became the first video to reach 200 million views on YouTube, briefly becoming the most-viewed video there.[113] In January 2019, the video reached 1 billion views.[114] It received 10 nominations at the 2010 MTV Video Music Awards, including Best Art Direction, Best Special Effects and Best Cinematography, winning Video of the Year, Best Female Video, Best Pop Video, Best Dance Video, Best Direction, Best Editing and Best Choreography.[115][116] It tied with Peter Gabriel's "Sledgehammer" for the record of most nominations for a single video in the history of the MTV Video Music Award.[115] "Bad Romance" received the Grammy Award for Best Short Form Music Video.[100] Time magazine included "Bad Romance" on its list of best music videos since the 1980s. Its author Claire Suddath said that even if Gaga's subsequent videos were more elaborate, "Bad Romance" was Gaga at her best.[117]

Writing about the impact of Gaga's 2011 song "Born This Way" in the 2010s, Stephen Daw of Billboard called the "Bad Romance" music video a "culture-breaking moment".[118] In 2011, it was voted the best video of the 2000s by readers of Billboard, narrowly beating Britney Spears's "Toxic".[119] The magazine ranked it first in its list of 100 greatest music videos of the 21st century and credited it with establishing Gaga's fan base, known as Little Monsters. "It offered a glimpse into an entire cinematic world that thrilled and disturbed in equal measure, expanding the possibilities of what a music video could achieve — and challenging other stars to step their game up at the same time", wrote Billboard in its listing. "With 'Bad Romance,' she took the old standard for great music videos and set it aflame, then got to work building a new one."[120] In 2021, Rolling Stone Australia listed it as one of the 100 greatest music videos of all time.[80]

Live performances
See also: List of Lady Gaga live performances

Gaga first performed "Bad Romance" on Saturday Night Live in October 2009. She wore an outfit called "The Orb".[4] She performed it on the television show Gossip Girl in the episode "The Last Days of Disco Stick",[121] where she wore a 35-foot (11 m) long dress.[122] In an interview with MTV, Gaga explained that she did not want the performance to be out of tune with the show's storyline, so she worked with the scriptwriters to incorporate it into the plot.[122] Taking place at a private party arranged by the character Blair Waldorf,[123] the episode features Gaga as she emerges from two giant doors and climbs up a ladder, which symbolizes bad luck.[122][124]

Gaga performing the song during the revamped Monster Ball Tour in a mirrored dress and headpiece (2010)

Gaga performed "Bad Romance" at the 2009 American Music Awards. She was dressed in a flesh-colored bodysuit wrapped with white piping and embedded with flashing lights, imitating rib cage and a spine. During her performance, she broke open a glass door with the microphone stand.[125] Gaga sang the song on television shows, including The Jay Leno Show in November 2009,[126] The Ellen DeGeneres Show in November 2009,[127] The X Factor in December 2009,[128] The Oprah Winfrey Show in January 2010,[129] and Today in July 2010.[130] In May 2011, she performed it at Radio 1's Big Weekend in Carlisle, Cumbria and Good Morning America.[131][132] For the latter, she entered the stage flying on a harness as steam billowed from center-stage. As the song started, she changed to red fishnet stockings with black felt pieces, a red leotard and black lace boots. Katie Kindelan of ABC News commented on Gaga's "trademark outrageous fashion".[132]

"Bad Romance" was the last song in the set list of Gaga's worldwide concert series, The Monster Ball Tour (2009–2011). On the early version of the show, she wore a 1980s-inspired white power suit with high shoulders and high-waisted pants.[133] In the revamped 2010–2011 shows of the tour, she appeared on stage inside a gyroscope while wearing a mirrored dress and headpiece. Remarking on Gaga's "tremendous ambition and passion for her fans", Diana Benati of The Riverfront Times wrote, "Few people on this little blue marble have the ability or the opportunity to affect so many people on a daily basis. She stole [...] hearts".[134] Gaga emerged from an egg for the performance of "Bad Romance" at the Born This Way Ball (2012–2013).[135] Miguel Dumaual of ABS-CBNnews.com felt Gaga's performance "suffers from a little too much auto-dancing, -singing, and all-around hip gyrating".[136] Gaga also performed the track on her 2014 ArtRave: The Artpop Ball tour in a rave-inspired outfit.[137] The same year, she sang a country version of "Bad Romance" at South by Southwest, and strapped on a rose-covered keytar while performing the song at her residency show, Lady Gaga Live at Roseland Ballroom.[138][139]

Gaga singing "Bad Romance" as the opening number of 2022's The Chromatica Ball, a choice which was considered as "daring".[140]

In July 2016, Gaga performed it in a piano medley along with "You and I" and the Beatles' "Come Together" at a concert at the BB&T Pavilion in Camden, New Jersey, which was part of the 2016 Democratic National Convention.[141] In November 2016, she appeared in the Carpool Karaoke segment of The Late Late Show with James Corden, and sang the track in the car with its host.[142] Gaga closed her set at the Super Bowl LI halftime show with "Bad Romance", wearing a silver, sequined Versace outfit with a shoulder pad-inspired jacket and hot pants.[143] The song was performed alongside "Poker Face" as an encore during both weekends that Gaga headlined Coachella in 2017.[144] On the Joanne World Tour (2017–2018), Gaga performed "Bad Romance" wearing a white origami-like jacket and a crystal embellished bodysuit with a matching white feathery masquerade mask and Giuseppe Zanotti booties.[145][146] She did a piano rendition of the song at the 2017 Toronto International Film Festival, before the world premiere of her documentary, Gaga: Five Foot Two.[147]

Gaga sang "Bad Romance" during her residency show, Lady Gaga Enigma + Jazz & Piano (2018–2022), which was divided into two shows. On Enigma, she performed it in a champagne-hued gold outfit,[148] and on Jazz & Piano, she did a stripped-down version.[149] "Bad Romance" was the opening number for The Chromatica Ball, Gaga's 2022 stadium tour, where she performed it from inside a leather sarcophagus-type garment, preceded by Bach's "Fugue No. 24" as the intro, similarly to the song's music video.[150][151] Nick Levine from NME opined that opening the concert with "Bad Romance", and her previous hit songs—"Poker Face" and "Just Dance"—showed that Gaga had "gumption" and the choice was "clever and daring".[140]

Cover versions

On March 29, 2010, Thirty Seconds to Mars covered the song in BBC Radio 1's Live Lounge,[152] which reached number 11 on the UK Rock Chart.[153] Singer Lissie posted a cover of the song on YouTube, which received praise from filmmaker David Lynch.[154] The cast of the musical television series Glee performed it on an episode as a group number for which the actors donned Gaga outfits.[155] The song reached number 54 on the Billboard Hot 100 in June 2010.[156] At the 46th Annual Songwriters Hall of Fame Awards, Linda Perry sang the song in a slowed down rendition, before Tony Bennett presented the Contemporary Icon Award to Gaga.[157] "Bad Romance" was briefly played on violin by Geoffrey Rush, portraying Albert Einstein in a promo for the National Geographic Channel historical anthology series Genius. The ad aired during Super Bowl LI immediately after Gaga's halftime performance.[158]

Track listing and formats

Personnel

Credits adapted from the liner notes of The Fame Monster.[1]

Recording locations

  • Recorded at Record Plant Studios (Los Angeles) and FC Walvisch (Amsterdam)
  • Mastered at Oasis Mastering (Burbank, California)

Credits

Charts

Certifications and sales
Certifications and sales for "Bad Romance"
Region CertificationCertified units/sales
Australia (ARIA)[69] 4× Platinum 280,000^
Belgium (BEA)[260] Gold 15,000*
Canada (Music Canada)[56] 7× Platinum 280,000*
Denmark (IFPI Danmark)[261] Platinum 30,000^
France (SNEP)[262] Platinum 250,000*
Germany (BVMI)[263] 3× Gold 450,000
Italy (FIMI)[264] 2× Platinum 40,000*
Japan (RIAJ)[265]
Digital single 		Gold 100,000*
Japan (RIAJ)[266]
Ringtone 		Gold 100,000*
New Zealand (RMNZ)[267] 2× Platinum 30,000*
Norway (IFPI Norway)[268] 8× Platinum 480,000
Spain (PROMUSICAE)[269] 2× Platinum 80,000*
Sweden (GLF)[270] 2× Platinum 40,000
Switzerland (IFPI Switzerland)[271] Platinum 30,000^
United Kingdom (BPI)[64] 2× Platinum 1,700,000[66]
United States (RIAA)[50] 11× Platinum 5,900,000[48]
Summaries
Worldwide — 12,000,000[71]

* Sales figures based on certification alone.
^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.
Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.

Release history
Release dates and formats for "Bad Romance"
Region Date Format Version Label Ref.
France October 23, 2009 Digital download Original Interscope [272]
Ireland Universal [273]
United Kingdom October 25, 2009 [274]
United States October 26, 2009 Interscope [275]
Finland October 27, 2009 Universal [276]
Germany [277]
Norway [278]
Spain [279]
Sweden [276]
United States November 10, 2009 Contemporary hit radio Interscope [280]
Various December 21, 2009 Digital download Remixes [281]
United States January 12, 2010 CD single [162]
Various February 9, 2010 Digital download Remixes Part 2 [164]

See also
  • List of best-selling singles
  • List of best-selling singles in the United States
  • List of number-one hits of 2009 (Austria)
  • List of Hot 100 number-one singles of 2009 (Canada)
  • List of number-one hits in Denmark
  • List of number-one singles (Sweden)
  • List of number-one singles of 2009 and 2010 (Finland)
  • List of number-one hits of 2009 (Italy)
  • List of number-one singles of 2009 and 2010 (Ireland)
  • List of number-one singles of 2009 and 2010 (UK)
  • List of European number-one hits of 2010
  • List of number-one hits of 2010 (France)
  • List of number-one hits of 2010 (Germany)
  • List of number-one singles of 2010 (Hungary)
  • List of Romanian Top 100 number ones of the 2010s
  • List of number-one dance singles of 2009 (U.S.)
  • List of number-one dance singles of 2010 (U.S.)
  • List of number-one dance airplay hits of 2010 (U.S.)
  • List of Mainstream Top 40 number-one hits of 2010 (U.S.)
  • List of number-one singles of 2010 (Spain)
  • List of most viewed YouTube videos

Notes
  1. Gaga previously reached the top position with her singles "Just Dance" and "Poker Face" in 2009.[63]
  2. Attributed to multiple references:[78][79][80][81][82]
  3. The author cites Kathleen Rowe's Unruly Woman: Gender and Genres of Laughter to define an "unruly woman" as someone who refuses to adhere to her "proper place", assertively expresses her desire and is hated for her independent nature.[98]
  4. Attributed to multiple references:[105][33][106][107][108][109][110][111]
  5. Described as "a relentlessly catchy chorus and a pummeling club beat power a song that's grand and tawdry and joyful and melancholy"[33]

References
  1. Lady Gaga (2009). The Fame Monster (Liner Notes [CD, Vinyl]). Interscope Records. 0602527252766.
  2. Kaufman, Gil (October 2, 2009). "New Lady Gaga Track 'Bad Romance' Leaks". MTV News. Archived from the original on October 5, 2009. Retrieved October 20, 2009.
  3. Kreps, Daniel (September 29, 2009). "Lady Gaga Readies New Single for SNL, The Fame Re-Release". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on June 8, 2017.
  4. Pickman, Jonathan (October 5, 2009). "Lady Gaga Fights Madonna, Debuts 'Bad Romance' on Saturday Night Live". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on October 14, 2011. Retrieved October 7, 2009.
  5. Gray & Rutnam 2014, p. 47.
  6. Passariello, Christina; Sonne, Paul (February 12, 2010). "A Fashion Star Leaves the Stage". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on July 31, 2022. Retrieved July 31, 2022.(subscription required)
  7. "Ooh-La-La! Lady Gaga's 'Bad Romance'". Extra. October 19, 2009. Archived from the original on February 27, 2010. Retrieved July 22, 2010.
  8. Linder, Brian (November 23, 2009). "Lady Gaga – The Fame Monster Review". IGN. Archived from the original on June 13, 2022. Retrieved June 13, 2022.
  9. "Lady Gaga Explores Seamy Side of Fame on 'Monster' Re-Release". Rolling Stone. October 11, 2009. Archived from the original on February 2, 2013. Retrieved September 1, 2013.
  10. Robinson, Peter (June 11, 2011). "Lady Gaga writes 'Bad Romance' on the bus". The Guardian. Archived from the original on October 30, 2013. Retrieved September 1, 2013.
  11. Robinson, Lisa (September 2010). "Lady Gaga On Sex, Fame, Drugs, and Her Fans". Vanity Fair. p. 34. ISSN 0733-8899.
  12. Bryant, Ali (January 15, 2010). "Going Ga-Ga". Grazia. 2 (10): 56–58.
  13. Cragg, Michael (September 14, 2016). "Lady Gaga – 10 of the best". The Guardian. Archived from the original on July 6, 2017. Retrieved July 19, 2017.
  14. Cinquemani, Sal (November 18, 2009). "Lady Gaga: The Fame Monster". Slant Magazine. Archived from the original on June 6, 2011. Retrieved November 19, 2009.
  15. Deflem 2017, p. 195.
  16. Lester, Paul (November 20, 2009). "Lady Gaga: The Fame Monster Review". BBC. Archived from the original on November 26, 2009. Retrieved November 23, 2009.
  17. "Digital Sheet Music – Lady Gaga – Bad Romance". Musicnotes.com. Sony/ATV Music Publishing. January 8, 2010. Archived from the original on December 24, 2013. Retrieved September 16, 2013.
  18. Lady Gaga Carpool Karaoke. The Late Late Show with James Corden. October 26, 2016. Event occurs at 3:02. Archived from the original on October 26, 2016. Retrieved October 26, 2016 – via YouTube.
  19. Price, Simon (November 22, 2009). "Album: Lady Gaga, The Fame Monster (Polydor)". The Independent. Archived from the original on November 24, 2009. Retrieved November 23, 2009.
  20. Brockman, Daniel (December 16, 2009). "Lady Gaga; The Fame Monster". The Phoenix. Archived from the original on November 3, 2012. Retrieved July 24, 2012.
  21. Anitai, Tamar (November 2, 2009). "Lady Gaga On MTV's 'It's On With Alexa Chung'". MTV News. Archived from the original on November 4, 2009. Retrieved November 3, 2009.
  22. Kreps, Daniel (October 2, 2009). "Is Lady Gaga's 'Bad Romance' Bound for SNL? New Track Hits the Web". Rolling Stone. Vol. 1095, no. 9. ISSN 0035-791X.
  23. Contreras, Russel (December 12, 2009). "Boston teen panel: Lady Gaga, Jamie Foxx songs unhealthy". USA Today. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  24. James 2015, p. 140.
  25. Horn 2017, p. 238.
  26. "Lady Gaga: her top 10 songs, ranked". NME. October 2, 2018. Archived from the original on February 1, 2022. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
  27. Lenker, Maureen Lee; Jones, Marcus; Lamphier, Jason (September 17, 2021). "The best song from every Lady Gaga album". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on August 31, 2022. Retrieved August 31, 2022.
  28. "The Top 100 Tracks of 2009". Pitchfork. December 15, 2009. Archived from the original on December 18, 2009. Retrieved December 16, 2009.
  29. Montgomery, James (December 8, 2009). "The Best Songs Of 2009, In 'Bigger Than The Sound'". MTV News. Archived from the original on August 5, 2022. Retrieved August 5, 2022.
  30. "The Best 25 Songs Of 2009". Rolling Stone. Vol. 1098, no. 98. December 31, 2009. ISSN 0035-791X.
  31. Hunt, El (October 23, 2019). "Lady Gaga's 'Bad Romance' at 10 – how the surreal single shook the pop landscape". NME. Archived from the original on March 31, 2022. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
  32. Plagenhoef, Scott (January 13, 2010). "Lady Gaga: The Fame Monster". Pitchfork. Retrieved August 5, 2022.
  33. Rosen, Jody (May 28, 2011). "The Ultimate Ranking of Lady Gaga's Catalogue". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on May 28, 2011. Retrieved May 28, 2011.
  34. Hubbard, Michael (November 23, 2009). "Lady Gaga: The Fame Monster, track-by-track". MusicOMH. Archived from the original on November 24, 2009. Retrieved November 24, 2009.
  35. Mackay, Emily (December 3, 2009). "Album review: Lady Gaga – The Fame Monster (Polydor)". NME. Retrieved August 5, 2022.
  36. Farley, Christopher John (November 11, 2009). "Lady Gaga: 'Bad Romance' Plus Crowns, Kinkiness and Choreography". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on March 19, 2022. Retrieved July 30, 2022. (subscription required)
  37. Herrera, Monica (November 13, 2009). "New Releases: Lady Gaga 'Bad Romance'". Billboard. Archived from the original on May 1, 2013. Retrieved November 30, 2009.
  38. Dolan, Jon (November 23, 2009). "Lady Gaga: The Fame Monster Review". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on June 7, 2010. Retrieved November 23, 2009.
  39. Wood, Mikael (November 23, 2009). "Album review: Lady Gaga's The Fame Monster". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on November 26, 2009. Retrieved November 24, 2009.
  40. Gunderson, Edna (November 23, 2009). "Lady Gaga's Fame Monster is so cool, it's cold". USA Today. Archived from the original on November 27, 2009. Retrieved November 24, 2009.
  41. Levine, Nick (November 21, 2009). "Lady GaGa: The Fame Monster". Digital Spy. Retrieved August 5, 2022.
  42. Sawdey, Evan (November 22, 2009). "Lady Gaga: The Fame Monster". PopMatters. Retrieved August 5, 2022.
  43. Empire, Kitty (November 22, 2009). "Lady Gaga: The Fame Monster". The Guardian. Archived from the original on December 20, 2013. Retrieved November 23, 2009.
  44. Modell, Josh (November 30, 2009). "Lady Gaga, The Fame Monster (Cherrytree/Interscope)". Spin. Archived from the original on January 3, 2022. Retrieved February 21, 2011.
  45. Blistein, Jon (November 25, 2009). "Monster of Pop?". L Magazine. Archived from the original on September 30, 2011. Retrieved December 31, 2010.
  46. Pietroluongo, Silvio (November 5, 2009). "DeRulo Tops Hot 100 But Swift Swoops In". Billboard. Archived from the original on May 24, 2013. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  47. Pietrolungo, Silvio (November 26, 2009). "'Empire' Entrenched At No. 1 On Billboard Hot 100". Billboard. Archived from the original on May 24, 2013. Retrieved November 30, 2009.
  48. Trust, Gary (February 10, 2019). "Ask Billboard: Lady Gaga's Career Sales & Streams; Ariana Grande Takes '7' to 1". Billboard. Archived from the original on February 10, 2019. Retrieved February 11, 2019. (subscription required)
  49. Grein, Paul (December 7, 2011). "Week Ending Dec. 4, 2011. Songs: Katy Goes On Sale". Yahoo! Music. Archived from the original on January 21, 2012. Retrieved December 13, 2011.
  50. "American single certifications – Lady Gaga – Bad Romance". Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved April 5, 2015.
  51. Trust, Gary (January 19, 2010). "Lady Gaga Sets Latest Chart Record". Billboard. Archived from the original on February 16, 2013. Retrieved January 21, 2010.
  52. Trust, Gary (February 13, 2017). "Ed Sheeran's 'Shape' Tops Hot 100, Lady Gaga's 'Reasons' Returns at No. 4". Billboard. Archived from the original on February 13, 2017. Retrieved February 14, 2017. (subscription required)
  53. "Billboard Canadian Hot 100: Week of November 7, 2009". Billboard. Archived from the original on December 24, 2016. Retrieved December 23, 2016.
  54. "Billboard Canadian Hot 100: Week of November 14, 2009". Billboard. Archived from the original on December 24, 2016. Retrieved December 23, 2016.
  55. "Billboard Canadian Hot 100: Week of December 5, 2009". Billboard. Archived from the original on July 12, 2015. Retrieved December 1, 2009.
  56. "Canadian single certifications – Lady Gaga – Bad Romance". Music Canada. Retrieved May 9, 2013.
  57. Sexton, Paul (January 28, 2010). "Lady Gaga Scores Euro Chart Double". Billboard. Archived from the original on December 23, 2016. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  58. "The Irish Charts – Search Results – Bad Romance". Irish Singles Chart. Retrieved January 15, 2020.
  59. "Lady Gaga – Bad Romance" (in Dutch). Ultratop 50. Retrieved August 10, 2018.
  60. "Lady Gaga – Bad Romance". Singles Top 100. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  61. "Official Singles Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. November 1–7, 2009. Archived from the original on June 5, 2017. Retrieved December 25, 2016.
  62. "'Bad Romance' at number one". Music Week. December 14, 2009. Archived from the original on December 16, 2009. Retrieved December 23, 2016.
  63. "Lady GaGa Scores Third UK Number 1 Single". MTV UK. December 14, 2009. Archived from the original on January 26, 2010. Retrieved July 22, 2010.
  64. "British single certifications – Lady Gaga – Bad Romance". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved July 30, 2022.
  65. Corner, Lewis (June 8, 2011). "Lady GaGa 'Bad Romance' most played song in 2010". Digital Spy. Archived from the original on April 18, 2022. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
  66. Griffiths, George (July 13, 2022). "Lady Gaga's Official Top 40 biggest songs in the UK". Official Charts Company. Archived from the original on May 29, 2020. Retrieved July 25, 2022.
  67. "Lady Gaga – Bad Romance". ARIA Top 50 Singles. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  68. "Lady Gaga – Bad Romance". Top 40 Singles. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  69. "ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 2011 Singles" (PDF). Australian Recording Industry Association. Retrieved May 2, 2011.
  70. "IFPI publishes Digital Music Report 2011". International Federation of the Phonographic Industry. January 20, 2011. Archived from the original on October 11, 2011. Retrieved January 20, 2011.
  71. Deflem 2017, p. 54.
  72. Hiatt, Brian (October 21, 2009). "Inside The Monster Ball: Lady Gaga Reveals Plans for Ambitious New Tour". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on March 1, 2022. Retrieved October 21, 2009.
  73. "Lady Gaga Says 'Bad Romance' Video Is About 'Tough Female Spirit'". MTV News. November 9, 2009. Archived from the original on May 22, 2014. Retrieved May 21, 2014.
  74. Rosenberg, Adam (September 13, 2010). "Lady Gaga's 'Bad Romance' Director Recalls Video's 'Explosion'". MTV News. Archived from the original on July 13, 2017. Retrieved April 3, 2018.
  75. Sawdey, Evan (November 12, 2009). "Lady Gaga's 'Bad Romance' Video: WTF?". PopMatters. Archived from the original on April 18, 2022. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
  76. Dinh, James (November 11, 2009). "Lady Gaga Fans React To 'Bad Romance' Video". MTV News. Archived from the original on November 14, 2009. Retrieved November 11, 2009.
  77. "Jurij Bradač in Lady Gaga" [Jurij Bradač and Lady Gaga] (in Slovenian). MTV News. November 11, 2009. Archived from the original on March 30, 2010. Retrieved February 26, 2010.
  78. Herbert 2010, p. 215.
  79. Chan, Tim; Shaffer, Claire; Spanos, Brittany (July 9, 2020). "Lady Gaga's 15 Greatest Music Videos". Rolling Stone Australia. Archived from the original on January 5, 2022. Retrieved April 2, 2022.
  80. Freeman, Jon (August 3, 2021). "The 100 Greatest Music Videos". Rolling Stone Australia. Archived from the original on August 2, 2022. Retrieved July 31, 2022.
  81. Cady, Jennifer (November 11, 2009). "Lady Gaga Brings the Crazy in 'Bad Romance' Video". E!. Archived from the original on November 12, 2009. Retrieved November 11, 2009.
  82. Julious, Britt (March 5, 2019). "Lady Gaga's Outrageous Career in 20 Songs". Elle. Archived from the original on April 17, 2022. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
  83. Martens, Todd (November 9, 2009). "You want this drama: Lady Gaga's 'Bad Romance' video". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on April 29, 2012. Retrieved November 27, 2011.
  84. Stack, Tim (November 11, 2009). "Lady Gaga's new 'Bad Romance' video: Her best yet?!". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on November 13, 2009. Retrieved November 11, 2009.
  85. Lapowsky, Issie (November 11, 2009). "Lady Gaga's on fire in her 'Bad Romance' video – or her man friend is, at any rate". New York Daily News. Archived from the original on October 20, 2012. Retrieved November 27, 2011.
  86. Vena, Jocelyn (November 11, 2009). "Lady Gaga Launches Her Next Phase With Eye-Grabbing 'Bad Romance Video". MTV News. Archived from the original on November 13, 2009. Retrieved April 2, 2022.
  87. Kreps, Daniel (November 11, 2009). "Lady Gaga Premieres 'Bad Romance,' Her Craziest Video Yet". Rolling Stone. Vol. 1098, no. 32. ISSN 0035-791X.
  88. Lynch 2012, p. 48.
  89. Herbert 2010, pp. 216–217.
  90. Patterson, Troy (November 13, 2009). "Notes Toward a Close Reading of the New Lady Gaga Video". Slate. Archived from the original on March 31, 2022. Retrieved April 2, 2022.
  91. James 2015, pp. 137–138.
  92. Lapowsky, Issie (November 11, 2009). "Lady Gaga's on fire in her 'Bad Romance' video". New York Daily News. Archived from the original on November 14, 2009. Retrieved November 13, 2009.
  93. James 2015, p. 139.
  94. Hegarty 2014, p. 87.
  95. Hegarty 2014, p. 92.
  96. Deflem 2017, p. 180.
  97. Lynch 2012, pp. 49–50.
  98. Padva 2018, p. 181.
  99. Santos 2012, p. 57.
  100. "53rd annual Grammy awards: The winners list". CNN. Archived from the original on July 8, 2011. Retrieved January 23, 2011.
  101. Trust, Gary (January 27, 2015). "The Biggest Hot 100 Hits to Peak at Nos. 25–1". Billboard. Archived from the original on January 31, 2015. Retrieved January 29, 2015.
  102. Jakubowski et al. 2017, pp. 122–135.
  103. "The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time". Rolling Stone. September 15, 2021. Archived from the original on September 15, 2021. Retrieved September 15, 2021.
  104. "The 100 Greatest Karaoke Songs of All Time: Staff List". Billboard. October 5, 2022. Archived from the original on October 16, 2022. Retrieved October 16, 2022.
  105. White, Adam (June 5, 2020). "Lady Gaga's top 20 songs – ranked". Belfast Telegraph. Archived from the original on June 27, 2021. Retrieved August 31, 2022.
  106. Lipshutz, Jason (March 28, 2019). "Lady Gaga's 15 Best Songs: Critic's Picks". Billboard. Archived from the original on March 28, 2022. Retrieved March 28, 2022.
  107. Cragg, Michael (April 23, 2020). "Lady Gaga's 30 greatest songs – ranked!". The Guardian. Archived from the original on March 28, 2022. Retrieved March 28, 2022.
  108. White, Adam (May 29, 2020). "Lady Gaga's 84 songs ranked, from 'Born This Way' to 'Rain on Me'". The Independent. Archived from the original on July 6, 2022. Retrieved August 25, 2022.
  109. He, Richard S. (August 30, 2020). "Every Lady Gaga Song, Ranked". Vulture. Archived from the original on September 12, 2020. Retrieved March 28, 2022.
  110. Gracie, Bianca (May 27, 2021). "The Best Lady Gaga Songs, Ranked". Uproxx. Archived from the original on March 8, 2022. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
  111. "The 10 Best (and Worst) Lady Gaga Songs of All Time". Glamour. December 31, 2019. Archived from the original on January 30, 2022. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
  112. Chatzipapatheodoridis 2021, 207.
  113. Wei, Will (May 7, 2010). "Lady Gaga's 'Bad Romance' Will Be YouTube's First Video To Hit 200 Million Views". Business Insider. Archived from the original on June 12, 2022. Retrieved July 30, 2022.
  114. Fernando, Romar (January 9, 2019). "Lady Gaga's 'Bad Romance' hits 1 billion views on Youtube". Easy Rock. Archived from the original on August 2, 2022. Retrieved July 30, 2022.
  115. Herrera, Monica (August 4, 2010). "Lady Gaga Earns Record 13 MTV VMA Nominations". Billboard. Archived from the original on May 23, 2013. Retrieved August 4, 2010.
  116. "MTV Video Music Awards: The Complete Winners List". Rolling Stone. September 13, 2010. Archived from the original on June 8, 2022. Retrieved August 1, 2022.
  117. Suddath, Claire (June 28, 2011). "The 30 All-Time Best Music Videos – Lady Gaga, 'Bad Romance' (2009)". Time. p. 28. Archived from the original on January 29, 2012. Retrieved November 27, 2011.
  118. Daw, Stephen (November 21, 2019). "Songs That Defined the Decade: Lady Gaga's 'Born This Way'". Billboard. Archived from the original on May 19, 2022. Retrieved June 14, 2022.
  119. Mapes, Jillian (July 27, 2011). "The 10 Best '00s Music Videos: Poll Results". Billboard. Archived from the original on February 14, 2013. Retrieved November 27, 2011.
  120. "The 100 Greatest Music Videos of the 21st Century: Critics' Picks". Billboard. July 24, 2018. Archived from the original on November 23, 2021. Retrieved June 14, 2022.
  121. Futterman, Erica (November 4, 2009). "Exclusive: Behind the Scenes as Lady Gaga Hits Gossip Girl". Rolling Stone. Vol. 1099, no. 43. ISSN 0035-791X.
  122. Vena, Jocelyn; Calloway, Sway (November 5, 2009). "Lady Gaga Describes Her Gossip Girl 'Crazy Performance-Art Piece'". MTV News. Archived from the original on November 8, 2009. Retrieved November 17, 2009.
  123. "First Look: Lady Gaga's Gossip Girl Performance". People. November 12, 2009. Archived from the original on November 10, 2010. Retrieved July 1, 2010.
  124. Vena, Jocelyn (November 17, 2009). "Lady Gaga Performs 'Bad Romance' in Gossip Girl Cameo". MTV News. Archived from the original on November 20, 2009. Retrieved November 19, 2009.
  125. Kung, Michelle (November 22, 2009). "American Music Awards 2009: Adam Lambert, Lady Gaga Dazzle". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on November 24, 2009. Retrieved November 23, 2009. (subscription required)
  126. Dinh, James (November 24, 2009). "Lady Gaga Brings S&M 'Bad Romance' to 'Jay Leno Show'". MTV News. Archived from the original on November 27, 2009. Retrieved November 25, 2009.
  127. Vena, Jocelyn (November 25, 2009). "Lady Gaga Tells Fans 'It's OK' To Be A Freak". MTV News. Archived from the original on December 1, 2009. Retrieved November 30, 2009.
  128. "Simon Cowell 'genuinely upset' by Danyl's exit from X Factor". Belfast Telegraph. December 7, 2009. Archived from the original on April 6, 2021. Retrieved April 6, 2021.
  129. Vena, Jocelyn (January 15, 2010). "Lady Gaga Pledges Haiti Earthquake-Relief Donation On Oprah". MTV News. Archived from the original on July 22, 2010. Retrieved September 17, 2010.
  130. "Lady Gaga Plays Today Show, Announces 'Remix' U.S. Release". Billboard. July 9, 2010. Archived from the original on May 24, 2013. Retrieved September 17, 2010.
  131. Sperling, Daniel (May 16, 2011). "Lady GaGa closes Radio 1's Big Weekend". Digital Spy. Archived from the original on May 18, 2011. Retrieved May 16, 2011.
  132. Marikar, Sheila (May 27, 2011). "Lady Gaga Wows Crowd, Ziplines onto Good Morning America Concert Stage". ABC News. p. 2. Archived from the original on May 30, 2011. Retrieved May 27, 2011.
  133. Stevenson, Jane (November 29, 2009). "Lady Gaga puts on a Monster show". Toronto Sun. Archived from the original on July 5, 2017. Retrieved July 30, 2022.
  134. Benanti, Diana (July 18, 2010). "Show Review + Photos + Setlist: Lady Gaga Burns Down the Scottrade Center, Saturday, July 17, 2010". The Riverfront Times. Archived from the original on March 10, 2018. Retrieved February 17, 2018.
  135. Marchand, Francois (January 12, 2013). "Review: Lady Gaga rules over her little monsters in Vancouver". The Vancouver Sun. Archived from the original on January 16, 2013.
  136. Dumaual, Miguel (May 23, 2012). "Review: Lady Gaga's 'Born This Way Ball'". ABS-CBNnews.com. Archived from the original on August 27, 2016. Retrieved June 13, 2022.
  137. Richards, Chris (May 13, 2014). "Lady Gaga at Verizon Center: A feel-good spectacle of ear candy and eye candy". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on May 13, 2014. Retrieved May 13, 2014.
  138. Anderson, Kyle (March 14, 2014). "Lady Gaga dedicates encore to SXSW accident victims, gets puked on". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on March 22, 2015. Retrieved April 3, 2014.
  139. Hampp, Andrew (March 29, 2014). "Lady Gaga Kicks Off Roseland Ballroom's Closing Shows". Billboard. Archived from the original on December 5, 2015. Retrieved October 22, 2017.
  140. Levine, Nick (July 30, 2022). "Lady Gaga live in London: a thrilling, high-concept return from pop's finest". NME. Archived from the original on July 30, 2022. Retrieved October 11, 2022.
  141. McDermott, Maeve (July 28, 2016). "Lady Gaga covers the Beatles, Neil Young at Democratic convention concert". USA Today. Archived from the original on October 22, 2017. Retrieved October 22, 2017.
  142. Respers, Lisa (October 26, 2016). "Lady Gaga's glorious 'Carpool Karaoke'". CNN. Archived from the original on December 20, 2016. Retrieved December 9, 2016.
  143. Chabbott, Sophia (February 6, 2017). "Lady Gaga wears Atelier Versace for Super Bowl performance". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved July 30, 2022.
  144. Kreps, Daniel (April 16, 2017). "Watch Lady Gaga Debut Surprise New Single 'The Cure' at Coachella". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on July 14, 2017.
  145. Saunders, Nicole (August 4, 2017). "Lady Gaga Wears Custom Giuseppe Zanotti For her Joanne World Tour: Exclusive". Billboard. Retrieved July 30, 2022. (subscription required)
  146. "Lady Gaga reigns supreme in Wrigley Field headlining debut". Chicago Sun-Times. August 26, 2017. Archived from the original on September 8, 2017. Retrieved September 8, 2017. (subscription required)
  147. Vlessing, Etan (September 8, 2017). "Toronto: Lady Gaga Performs 'Bad Romance' at Film Festival". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on September 9, 2017. Retrieved September 9, 2017.
  148. Spanos, Brittany (December 29, 2018). "Review: Lady Gaga Maintains 'Poker Face' During Stellar Vegas Debut". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on December 30, 2018. Retrieved December 29, 2018.
  149. Nied, Mike (January 21, 2019). "Opening Night! Lady Gaga Launches Second Vegas Residency – 'Jazz & Piano'". Idolator. Retrieved February 3, 2019.
  150. O'Neill, Lauren (July 21, 2022). "Lady Gaga, The Chromatica Ball, Stockholm, review: one of pop's great performers continues her European return". i. Archived from the original on July 24, 2022. Retrieved July 21, 2022.
  151. DeLuca, Dan (August 29, 2022). "Review: Lady Gaga brings her over-the-top Chromatica Ball tour to Hershey". The Philadelphia Inquirer. Archived from the original on August 29, 2022. Retrieved August 29, 2022.
  152. Cotton, Fearne (March 29, 2010). "BBC Radio 1 – Live Lounge – 30 Seconds To Mars". BBC. Archived from the original on April 1, 2010. Retrieved April 1, 2010.
  153. "Top 40 Rock & Metal Singles – 11th December 2010". Official Charts Company. Archived from the original on August 8, 2017. Retrieved May 31, 2011.
  154. Ray, Austin L. (August 2, 2010). "In Case You Were Wondering, David Lynch Loves Lissie". Paste. Archived from the original on August 4, 2010. Retrieved August 6, 2010.
  155. Vena, Jocelyn (March 31, 2010). "Glee Cast Will Take On Lady Gaga's 'Bad Romance,' 'Poker Face'". MTV News. Archived from the original on April 3, 2010. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  156. "Billboard Hot 100". Billboard. January 2, 2013. Retrieved August 11, 2022.
  157. Aswad, Jem (June 19, 2015). "Lady Gaga Sings Linda Perry, Stephen Colbert Honors Toby Keith, Zac Brown Fetes the Grateful Dead At Songwriters Hall Of Fame Ceremony". Billboard. Retrieved July 30, 2022.
  158. "Geoffrey Rush as Albert Einstein: Nat Geo Channel Releases Super Bowl Spot for Genius (Watch)". Variety. February 3, 2017. Archived from the original on February 6, 2017. Retrieved February 6, 2017.
  159. "Bad Romance – Single". Interscope Records. January 2009. Archived from the original on November 13, 2009. Retrieved November 14, 2009 – via iTunes Store.
  160. "Bad Romance – EP". Interscope Records. January 2009. Archived from the original on December 4, 2009. Retrieved November 19, 2009 – via iTunes Store.
  161. "Bad Romance – German release". Interscope Records. Archived from the original on November 5, 2012. Retrieved December 8, 2009 – via iTunes Store.
  162. "Bad Romance – The Remixes". Interscope Records. Archived from the original on March 22, 2010. Retrieved March 5, 2010.
  163. "Bad Romance – The Remixes". Interscope Records. ASIN B00316DE0S. Retrieved July 17, 2022 – via Amazon.com.
  164. "Bad Romance (The Remixes, Pt. 2)". Interscope Records. Archived from the original on February 16, 2010. Retrieved February 9, 2010 – via iTunes Store.
  165. "ARIA Dance – Week Commencing 9th November 2009" (PDF). ARIA Charts (1028): 19. November 9, 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 4, 2009. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  166. "Lady Gaga – Bad Romance" (in German). Ö3 Austria Top 40. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  167. "Lady Gaga – Bad Romance" (in French). Ultratop 50. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  168. "Brazil Hot 100 Airplay". Billboard Brasil (in Portuguese). 79 (2). April 2010.
  169. "Airplay Top5 – Week05". Bulgarian Association of Music Producers. February 7, 2010. Archived from the original on July 25, 2011. Retrieved March 2, 2010.
  170. "Lady Gaga Chart History (Canadian Hot 100)". Billboard. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  171. "Lady Gaga Chart History (Canada AC)". Billboard. Retrieved June 20, 2018.
  172. "Lady Gaga Chart History (Canada CHR/Top 40)". Billboard. Retrieved January 7, 2018.
  173. "Lady Gaga Chart History (Canada Hot AC)". Billboard. Retrieved January 7, 2018.
  174. "ČNS IFPI" (in Czech). Hitparáda – Radio Top 100 Oficiální. IFPI Czech Republic. Note: Change the chart to CZ – RADIO – TOP 100 and insert 201005 into search. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  175. "Lady Gaga – Bad Romance". Tracklisten. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  176. "Lady Gaga: Bad Romance" (in Finnish). Musiikkituottajat. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  177. "Lady Gaga – Bad Romance" (in French). Les classement single. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  178. "Lady Gaga – Bad Romance" (in German). GfK Entertainment charts. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  179. "Global Dance Songs". Billboard. February 27, 2010. Archived from the original on December 23, 2016. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  180. "Lady Gaga Chart History (Greece Digital Song Sales)". Billboard. Archived from the original on October 13, 2019. Retrieved March 16, 2021.
  181. "Archívum – Slágerlisták – MAHASZ" (in Hungarian). Rádiós Top 40 játszási lista. Magyar Hanglemezkiadók Szövetsége. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  182. "Archívum – Slágerlisták – MAHASZ" (in Hungarian). Single (track) Top 40 lista. Magyar Hanglemezkiadók Szövetsége. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  183. "Archívum – Slágerlisták – MAHASZ" (in Hungarian). Dance Top 40 lista. Magyar Hanglemezkiadók Szövetsége. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  184. "Lady Gaga Chart History". RÚV. March 31, 2016. Archived from the original on August 27, 2017. Retrieved May 28, 2017.
  185. "Media Forest: Airplay chart". Media Forest. Archived from the original on December 14, 2014.
  186. "Lady Gaga – Bad Romance". Top Digital Download. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  187. "Japan Hot 100: The Week of December 5, 2009". Billboard. Archived from the original on June 11, 2017. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  188. "Lady Gaga Chart History". Billboard. Archived from the original on October 13, 2019. Retrieved July 30, 2022.
  189. "Lady Gaga Chart History (Mexico Airplay)". Billboard. Archived from the original on October 28, 2019. Retrieved December 18, 2020.
  190. "Nederlandse Top 40 – week 3, 2010" (in Dutch). Dutch Top 40. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  191. "Lady Gaga – Bad Romance" (in Dutch). Single Top 100. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  192. "Lady Gaga – Bad Romance". VG-lista. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  193. "Listy bestsellerów, wyróżnienia :: Związek Producentów Audio-Video". Polish Dance Top 50. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  194. "Lady Gaga Chart History". Billboard. Archived from the original on October 13, 2019. Retrieved July 30, 2022.
  195. "Media Forest – Weekly Charts. Media Forest. January 11, 2010. Retrieved July 2, 2018. Note: Romanian and international positions are rendered together by the number of plays before resulting an overall chart.
  196. "Media Forest – Weekly Charts. Media Forest. January 18, 2010. Retrieved July 3, 2018. Note: Select 'Songs – TV'. Romanian and international positions are rendered together by the number of plays before resulting an overall chart.
  197. "Lady Gaga – 'Bad Romance'". Tophit. Archived from the original on December 24, 2016. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  198. "Official Scottish Singles Sales Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  199. "ČNS IFPI" (in Slovak). Hitparáda – Radio Top 100 Oficiálna. IFPI Czech Republic. Note: insert 200951 into search. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  200. "2010년 07주차 Digital Chart" [2010 07 Week Digital Chart] (in Korean). Gaon Chart. Archived from the original on December 21, 2016. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  201. "2010년 18주차 Digital Chart" [2010 Week 18 Digital Chart] (in Korean). Circle Chart. Archived from the original on December 21, 2016. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  202. "Lady Gaga – Bad Romance" Canciones Top 50. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  203. "Lady Gaga – Bad Romance". Swiss Singles Chart. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  204. "Lady Gaga: Artist Chart History". Official Charts Company. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  205. "Lady Gaga Chart History (Hot 100)". Billboard. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  206. "Lady Gaga Chart History (Adult Contemporary)". Billboard. Retrieved June 20, 2018.
  207. "Lady Gaga Chart History (Adult Pop Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved June 20, 2018.
  208. "Lady Gaga Chart History (Dance Club Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  209. "Lady Gaga Chart History (Dance Mix/Show Airplay)". Billboard. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  210. "Lady Gaga Chart History (Hot Latin Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  211. "Lady Gaga Chart History (Pop Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  212. "Lady Gaga Chart History (Rhythmic)". Billboard. Retrieved June 20, 2018.
  213. "Lady Gaga Chart History (Hot Dance/Electronic Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved February 16, 2017.
  214. "ARIA Charts – End Of Year Charts – Top 100 Singles 2009". Australian Recording Industry Association. Archived from the original on November 12, 2010. Retrieved January 9, 2010.
  215. "ARIA Charts – End Of Year Charts – Top 50 Dance Singles 2009". Australian Recording Industry Association. Archived from the original on February 17, 2017. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  216. "Jahreshitparade Singles 2009" [Annual hit parade singles 2009] (in German). Ö3 Austria Top 40. Archived from the original on September 30, 2015. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  217. "Jaaroverzichten 2009 – Singles" [Annual Reviews 2009 – Singles] (in Dutch). Ultratop. Archived from the original on October 25, 2012. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  218. "Track 2009 Top-50" (in Danish). Hitlisten. Archived from the original on November 23, 2010. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  219. "Mahsaz Rádiós Top 100 – 2009" [Mahasz Radio Top 100 – 2009] (in Hungarian). Association of Hungarian Record Companies. Archived from the original on October 9, 2014. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  220. "MAHASZ Dance TOP 100 – 2009" (in Hungarian). Association of Hungarian Record Companies. Archived from the original on December 28, 2016. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  221. "Best of 2009 – Singles". Irish Recorded Music Association. Archived from the original on June 15, 2017. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  222. "Classifiche annuali dei cd, dvd, compilation più venduti e digital download più scaricati online nel 2009" [Annual rankings of the best-selling CDs, DVDs, compilations and most digital downloads in 2009] (in Italian). Federation of the Italian Music Industry. January 15, 2010. Archived from the original on June 15, 2017. Retrieved December 21, 2016. Click on "Scarica allegato" to download the zipped file containing the year-end chart XLS files.
  223. "Top Selling Singles of 2009". Recorded Music NZ. Archived from the original on June 8, 2017. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  224. "Airplay Detection Tophit 200 Yearly – 2009". TopHit. Archived from the original on March 28, 2010. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  225. "Årslista Singlar – År 2009" (in Swedish). Sverigetopplistan. Archived from the original on December 21, 2016. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  226. "End of Year Singles Chart Top 100 – 2009". Official Charts Company. Archived from the original on December 9, 2016. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  227. "ARIA Charts – End Of Year Charts – Top 100 Singles 2010". Australian Recording Industry Association. Archived from the original on December 5, 2010. Retrieved January 8, 2011.
  228. "ARIA Charts – End Of Year Charts – Top 50 Dance Singles 2010". Australian Recording Industry Association. Archived from the original on February 17, 2017. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  229. "Jaaroverzichten 2010 – Singles" (in Dutch). Ultratop. Archived from the original on July 16, 2011. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  230. "Rapports Annuels 2010 – Singles" (in French). Ultratop. Archived from the original on July 16, 2011. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  231. "Canadian Hot 100 – Year-End 2010". Billboard. Archived from the original on December 10, 2010. Retrieved March 19, 2013.
  232. "Track 2010 Top-50" (in Danish). Hitlisten. Archived from the original on November 23, 2010.
  233. "2010 Year End Charts – European Hot 100 Singles". Billboard. Archived from the original on April 28, 2013. Retrieved March 19, 2013.
  234. "Classement Singles – année 2010" (in French). Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique. Archived from the original on July 29, 2013. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  235. "Top 100 Single-Jahrescharts – 2010" (in German). GfK Entertainment charts. Archived from the original on January 30, 2017. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  236. "MAHASZ Rádiós TOP 100 – 2010" (in Hungarian). Association of Hungarian Record Companies. Archived from the original on December 28, 2016. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  237. "MAHASZ Dance TOP 100 – 2010" (in Hungarian). Association of Hungarian Record Companies. Archived from the original on December 28, 2016. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  238. "Best of 2010 – Singles". Irish Recorded Music Association. Archived from the original on June 15, 2017. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  239. "Classifiche annuali dei dischi più venduti e dei singoli più scaricati nel 2010" [Annual rankings of best-selling records and most downloaded singles in 2010] (in Italian). Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana. January 17, 2011. Archived from the original on December 28, 2016. Retrieved December 21, 2016. Click on "Scarica allegato" to download the zipped file containing the year-end chart PDF documents.
  240. "Japan Hot 100 – Year-End 2010". Billboard. Archived from the original on April 12, 2017. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  241. "Top 100-Jaaroverzicht van 2010" [Top 100 Annual Review of 2010] (in Dutch). Dutch Top 40. Archived from the original on November 4, 2016. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  242. "Jaaroverzichten – Single 2010" (in Dutch). Dutch Charts. Archived from the original on December 19, 2016. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  243. "Top Selling Singles of 2010". Recorded Music NZ. Archived from the original on June 8, 2017. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  244. Paun, Toader (December 30, 2010). "Exclusiv: Topul celor mai difuzate piese în România în 2010" [Exclusive: Top of the most played songs in Romania in 2010]. România Liberă (in Romanian). Archived from the original on December 21, 2016. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  245. "Airplay Detection Tophit 200 Yearly – 2010". TopHit. Archived from the original on April 8, 2011. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  246. "Top 50 Canciones Anual 2010" [Top 50 Songs Annual 2010] (PDF) (in Spanish). Productores de Música de España. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 3, 2011. Retrieved February 3, 2011.
  247. "Årslista Singlar – År 2010" (in Swedish). Sverigetopplistan. Archived from the original on December 21, 2016. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  248. "Swiss Year-End Charts 2010". Swiss Hitparade. Archived from the original on December 21, 2016. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  249. "End of Year Singles Chart Top 100 – 2010". Official Charts Company. Archived from the original on June 4, 2017. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  250. "Hot 100 Songs – Year-End 2010". Billboard. Archived from the original on April 14, 2013. Retrieved March 19, 2013.
  251. "Adult Contemporary Songs – Year-End 2010". Billboard. Archived from the original on October 29, 2016. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  252. "Adult Pop Songs – Year-End 2010". Billboard. Archived from the original on April 12, 2017. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  253. "Dance/Club Songs – Year-End 2010". Billboard. Archived from the original on December 3, 2016. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  254. "Latin Songs – Year-End 2010". Billboard. Archived from the original on April 12, 2017. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
  255. "Pop Songs – Year-End 2010". Billboard. Archived from the original on December 10, 2010. Retrieved March 19, 2013.
  256. "Rhythmic Songs – Year-End 2010". Billboard. Archived from the original on October 27, 2020. Retrieved October 5, 2019.
  257. "Hot Dance/Electronic Songs – Year-End 2017". Billboard. Archived from the original on February 6, 2018. Retrieved December 12, 2017.
  258. "Decade-End Charts: Hot 100 Songs". Billboard. Archived from the original on November 14, 2019. Retrieved November 15, 2019.
  259. "Greatest of All Time Hot 100 Songs". Billboard. Archived from the original on August 3, 2018. Retrieved August 13, 2018.
  260. "Ultratop − Goud en Platina – singles 2010". Ultratop. Hung Medien. Retrieved May 9, 2013.
  261. "Danish single certifications – Lady Gaga – Bad Romance". IFPI Danmark. Retrieved May 9, 2013.
  262. "French single certifications – Lady Gaga – Bad Romance" (in French). Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique. Retrieved May 9, 2013.
  263. "Gold-/Platin-Datenbank (Lady Gaga; 'Bad Romance')" (in German). Bundesverband Musikindustrie. Retrieved April 27, 2018.
  264. "Italian single certifications – Lady Gaga – Bad Romance" (in Italian). Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana. Retrieved May 9, 2013. Select "Tutti gli anni" in the "Anno" drop-down menu. Select "Bad Romance" in the "Filtra" field. Select "Singoli" under "Sezione".
  265. "Japanese digital single certifications – Lady Gaga – Bad Romance" (in Japanese). Recording Industry Association of Japan. Retrieved August 19, 2021. Select 2011年1月 on the drop-down menu
  266. "Japanese ringtone certifications – Lady Gaga – Bad Romance" (in Japanese). Recording Industry Association of Japan. Retrieved August 19, 2021. Select 2010年5月 on the drop-down menu
  267. "New Zealand single certifications – Lady Gaga – Bad Romance". Recorded Music NZ. Retrieved December 12, 2010.
  268. "Norwegian single certifications – Lady Gaga – Bad Romance" (in Norwegian). IFPI Norway. Retrieved November 19, 2021.
  269. "Spanish single certifications" (in Spanish). Productores de Música de España. Retrieved May 9, 2013. Select Canciones under "Categoría", select 2010 under "Año". Select 51 under "Semana". Click on "BUSCAR LISTA".
  270. "Guld- och Platinacertifikat − År 2011" (PDF) (in Swedish). IFPI Sweden. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 24, 2015. Retrieved May 9, 2013.
  271. "Lady Gaga 'Bad Romance'". Swiss Hitparade. Retrieved May 9, 2013.
  272. "Lady Gaga 'Bad Romance' Digital Download". Interscope Records. Archived from the original on November 8, 2013. Retrieved August 24, 2013 – via iTunes Store.
  273. "'Bad Romance' by Lady GaGa". Interscope Records. Archived from the original on September 30, 2013. Retrieved August 24, 2013 – via 7digital.
  274. "'Bad Romance' by Lady GaGa". Interscope Records. Archived from the original on September 27, 2013. Retrieved August 24, 2013 – via 7digital.
  275. "Bad Romance US Release". Interscope Records. Archived from the original on November 16, 2009. Retrieved December 19, 2009 – via iTunes Store.
  276. "'Bad Romance' by Lady GaGa". Interscope Records. Archived from the original on October 1, 2013. Retrieved August 24, 2013 – via 7digital.
  277. "'Bad Romance' von Lady GaGa" (in German). Interscope Records. Archived from the original on October 1, 2013. Retrieved August 24, 2013 – via 7digital.
  278. "'Bad Romance' by Lady GaGa". Interscope Records. Archived from the original on October 2, 2013. Retrieved August 24, 2013 – via 7digital.
  279. "'Bad Romance' by Lady GaGa" (in Spanish). Interscope Records. Archived from the original on October 1, 2013. Retrieved August 24, 2013 – via 7digital.
  280. "FMQB: Radio Industry News, Music Insudtry Updates, Arbitron Ratings, Music News and More!". Interscope Records. Archived from the original on June 2, 2013. Retrieved February 9, 2021 – via FMQB.
  281. "Bad Romance (The Remixes) – EP by Lady Gaga". Interscope Records. Archived from the original on July 12, 2010. Retrieved February 9, 2021 – via iTunes Store.

Literary sources
  • Chatzipapatheodoridis, Constantine (2021). The Music Diva Spectacle: Camp, Female Performers, and Queer Audiences in the Arena Tour Show. Intellect Books. ISBN 978-1-789-38437-6.
  • Deflem, Mathieu (2017). Lady Gaga and the Sociology of Fame: the Rise of a Pop Star in an Age of Celebrity. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-1-137-58468-7.
  • Herbert, Emily (2010). "A Glimpse of Genius". Lady Gaga: Behind the Fame. The Overlook Press. pp. 213–224. ISBN 978-1-590-20423-8.
  • Horn, Katrin (2017). "Taking Pop Seriously: Lady Gaga as Camp". Women, Camp, and Popular Culture: Serious Excess. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 193–252. ISBN 978-3-319-64845-3.
  • Iddon, Martin; Marshall, Melanie L., eds. (2014). Lady Gaga and Popular Music: Performing Gender, Fashion, and Culture. Routledge Studies in Popular Music. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-07987-2.
    • Gray, Sally; Rutnam, Anusha (2014). "Her Own Real Thing: Lady Gaga and the House of Fashion". Lady Gaga and Popular Music : Performing Gender, Fashion, and Culture. Routledge. pp. 43–66. ISBN 978-1-134-07987-2.
    • Hegarty, Paul (2014). "Lady Gaga and the Drop: Eroticism High and Low". Lady Gaga and Popular Music: Performing Gender, Fashion, and Culture. Routledge Studies in Popular Music. Routledge. pp. 82–93. ISBN 978-1-134-07987-2.
  • Jakubowski, Kelly; Finkel, Sebastian; Stewart, Lauren; Müllensiefen, Daniel (May 2017). "Dissecting an Earworm: Melodic Features and Song Popularity Predict Involuntary Musical Imagery" (PDF). Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts. American Psychological Association. 11 (2): 122–135. doi:10.1037/aca0000090.
  • James, Robin (2015). "(Little) Monsters & Melancholics". Resilience & Melancholy: Pop Music, Feminism, Neoliberalism. John Hunt Publishing. pp. 133–173. ISBN 978-1-782-79461-5.
  • Lynch, Annette (2012). "The Birth of Pop Culture Porn Chic". Porn Chic: Exploring the Contours of Raunch Eroticism. A & C Black. pp. 37–54. ISBN 978-1-472-52013-5.
  • Padva, Gilad (January 2, 2018). "Queer Nostalgia in Cinema and Pop Culture". Journal of LGBT Youth. Palgrave Macmillan. 15 (1): 173–199. doi:10.1057/9781137266347. ISBN 978-1-137-26633-0.
  • Santos, Jennifer M. (2012). "Body Language and 'Bad Romance': The Visual Rhetoric of the Artist". In Gray II, Richard (ed.). The Performance Identities of Lady Gaga. McFarland & Company. pp. 52–73. ISBN 978-0-786-46830-0.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.