Bissau

The term Bissau may have come from the name of a clan N'nssassun, in its plural form Bôssassun.[2] Intchassu (Bôssassu) was the name given to the nephew of King Mecau—the first sovereign of the island of Bissau—, son of his sister Pungenhum. Bôssassu formed a clan of the Papel peoples.[3]

The city was founded in 1687 by Portugal as a fortified port and trading center.[4] In 1942 the capital of Portuguese Guinea was transferred from Bolama to Bissau.

After the declaration of independence by the anti-colonial guerrillas of PAIGC in 1973, the capital of the rebel territories was declared to be Madina do Boe, while Bissau remained the colonial capital. When Portugal granted independence, following the military coup of April 25 in Lisbon, Bissau became the capital of the new independent state.

Bissau was the scene of intense fighting during the beginning and end of the Guinea-Bissau Civil War in 1998 and 1999.[5]

View of Downtown Bissau in the 1960s as the capital of Portuguese Guinea

Bissau is located at 11°52' North, 15°36' West (11.86667, -15.60) GNS: Country Files, on the Geba River estuary, off the Atlantic Ocean. The land surrounding Bissau is extremely low-lying, and the river is accessible to ocean-going vessels despite its modest discharge for about 80 kilometres (50 mi) beyond the city.

Bissau has a tropical savanna climate (Köppen Aw), not quite wet enough to qualify as a tropical monsoon climate (Am) but much wetter than most climates of its type.

Almost no rain falls from November to May, but during the remaining five months of the year the city receives around 2,000 millimetres (79 in) of rain.

At the 1979 census, Bissau had a population of 109,214. By the 2015 census Bissau had a population of 492,004.[1]

Bissau is the country's largest city, major port, educational, administrative, industrial and military center. Peanuts, hardwoods, copra, palm oil, milk products, and rubber are the chief products. Bissau is also the main city of the fishing and agricultural industry in the country.[8]

The main secondary school institutions in Bissau are the National Lyceum Kwame N'Krumah[9] and the Bethel-Bissau Adventist School.[10] The main higher education institutions in the city are the Amílcar Cabral University,[11] the Catholic University of Guinea Bissau, and the Jean Piaget University of Guinea-Bissau.

The city of Bissau still has two international schools:[12]

• Escola Portuguesa da Guiné-Bissau
• Escola Portuguesa Passo a Passo

Attractions include the Portuguese-built Fortaleza de São José da Amura barracks from the 18th century, containing Amílcar Cabral's mausoleum, the Pidjiguiti Memorial to the dockers killed in the Bissau Dockers' Strike on August 3, 1959, the Guinea-Bissau National Arts Institute, Bissau New Stadium and local beaches.

Many buildings in the city were ruined during the Guinea-Bissau Civil War (1998–1999), including the Guinea-Bissau Presidential Palace and the Bissau French Cultural Centre (now rebuilt), and the city centre is still underdeveloped. Because of the large populations of Muslims in Bissau, Ramadan is also an important celebration.[13][14]

Football is the most popular sport in the country, as well as in the city. Many teams are based in the city, such as: UD Internacional, SC de Bissau, SC Portos de Bissau, Sport Bissau e Benfica, and FC Cuntum. Stadiums that are located in the city are Estádio Lino Correia and Estádio 24 de Setembro.

The majority of the population of Bissau is with the majority being Muslims (50%), then Christians (34%) and animists (7.9%).[15]

• Benvindo António Moreira (born 1989), footballer

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  View of Bissau from Geba River
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  Ministério da Justiça - Guinea-Bissau's Justice Ministry
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  Che Guevara Square, Bissau
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  Public transport in Bissau
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  A landmark monument in the city center
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  Administration building of the Portuguese energy company Galp
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  An ECOWAS branch in Bissau
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  PAIGC's headquarters
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  Residential area in Bissau
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  Guinea-Bissau's Presidential Palace
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  French Culture Centre in Bissau
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  Solar panels on a rooftop of a building
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  Central Post Office building
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  Museu Etnográfico Nacional - National Ethnographic Museum
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  Combatentes da Liberdade Avenue, Bissau
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  Bissau-Guinean Customs Agency, Porto de Bissau
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  One of the hotels in the city
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  Port of Bissau

• Lobban, Richard Andrew Jr.; Mendy, Peter Karibe (1997). Historical Dictionary of the Republic of Guinea-Bissau (3rd ed.). Scarecrow Press. pp. 91–96. ISBN 0-8108-3226-7.

• Media related to Bissau at Wikimedia Commons
• Bissau travel guide from Wikivoyage