IU (singer)

IU performing "Boo" on October 29, 2009.

After training for ten months, IU made her debut in 2008 under her stage name, conceived by LOEN to mean "I and You become one through music."[30] She performed her debut single, "Lost Child" (Korean: 미아), live for the first time on the music program M Countdown on September 18, 2008, making it her debut performance as a professional singer.[31] IU recalled the crowd had hurled insults at her during the performance and initially felt discouraged by it, although she now considers it a beneficial experience.[32] "Lost Child" is the lead single from her debut extended play (EP) Lost and Found, which was released on September 24, 2008. For the album, IU was awarded the "Rookie of the Month" by South Korea's Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism in November that same year.[33] However, the album did not do well commercially. During an interview in 2011, IU said, "My first album failed, but I'm grateful for that. If I had become successful as soon as I made my debut, I wouldn't appreciate my staff members and the popularity that I'm enjoying now."[28]

On April 23, 2009, IU launched her first studio album, Growing Up, with the lead promotional single, "Boo". She began her album promotion the next day, performing "Boo" on KBS2's Music Bank.[34] The song was noted for its stark contrast in musical style to "Lost Child", which was described as a "heavy" and "dark" ballad compared to the 1980s "retro sound" of "Boo".[35][36] Deemed as a "strategic" transformation, the dance choreography, stage costume and hairstyle shown in live performances were used to emphasize her youthfulness and project a "cute" image.[35][37] Although it drew a favorable response from the public, IU, who was fifteen years old at the time, admitted that the image made her feel awkward.[37] Several songs from Lost and Found were featured on her debut studio album Growing Up, including "You Know" (Korean: 있잖 아); a new rock-style arrangement of the song was released as the follow-up single to "Boo". Towards the end of 2009, IU released her second extended play, IU...IM. She began promoting its lead single, "Marshmallow" (Korean: 마쉬멜로우), on music programs from November 13, 2009. Recalling the performances, IU stated on a 2013 episode of Happy Together that she disliked having to wear the girlish costumes and hairstyle fashioned for the song promotions.[38] The performances were well-received and were once again labelled "cute", reminiscent of reviews for "Boo".[39]

As her popularity began to rise, IU made more frequent appearances on variety shows, performing on Star Golden Bell, Kim Jung-eun's Chocolate, and You Hee-yeol's Sketchbook. Her acoustic covers of other artists' songs such as Girls' Generation's "Gee", Super Junior's "Sorry, Sorry", and Big Bang's "Lies" featured in these live performances gained tremendous interest online.[40] In late 2009, she became a television presenter for the first time, hosting a weekly music chart show on Gom TV,[41] while appearing as a fixed guest on multiple radio programs such as Kiss the Radio, Volume Up, MBC Standard FM's Starry Night and MBC FM4U's Best Friend Radio.[42][43]

On June 3, 2010, IU released "Nagging" (Korean: 잔소리), a duet which she recorded with 2AM's Lim Seul-ong. The single debuted at twelve on the Gaon Digital Chart and shot up to the number-one position the following week, where it remained for three weeks.[44] Written by Kim Eana and composed by Lee Min-soo, the pop ballad duet was used as one of the theme songs for the second season of the variety show, We Got Married.[45] Soon after, IU released "Because I'm a Woman" (Korean: 여자라서), one of the theme songs of MBC's historical drama, Road No. 1. The song peaked at number six on the Gaon Digital Chart.[46] IU's collaboration with Sung Si-kyung on "It's You" (Korean: 그대네요) for his album, The First, debuted at number one on the Gaon Digital Chart.[47]

IU's third EP, Real, was released on December 9, 2010. Produced by Jo Yeong-cheol and Choi Gap-won, Real debuted at number four on the Gaon Album Chart.[50][51] The lead single, "Good Day" (Korean: 좋은 날), reunited IU with lyricist Kim Eana and composer Lee Min-soo after "Nagging", whom she would work with again on the lead singles of her next two studio albums. The uptempo song, as explained by Kim Eana, is about "a shy girl who is nervous about expressing her feelings to the boy she likes."[52] During the album's promotional period, IU also topped the charts on the music programs M Countdown, Music Bank, and Inkigayo.[53][54][55] Both Kim Eana and Lee Min-soo considered the main factors of the song's success to be the use of the word oppa (Korean: 오빠) in the chorus, as well as the three high-pitched notes that IU sings in semitone increments during the climax of the song.[56] In addition to receiving praise for her vocal abilities, IU's fan base also expanded to a more varied demographic as compared to other K-pop groups.[49][57] Billboard magazine ranked "Good Day" at number one on their list "100 Greatest K-pop Songs of the 2010s".[1]

To maintain public visibility, IU joined the cast of the variety show, Heroes, which aired from July 18, 2010, to May 1, 2011.[26] Speaking fondly of the show, IU recalled the camaraderie she built with the other regular cast members despite the hectic two-day shooting schedules which only allowed them two-three hours of sleep.[58] Shortly after joining Heroes, IU was cast in teen drama Dream High. Filming ran from December 2010 to February 2011, during which time she remained committed to Heroes and her existing promotions for "Good Day".[59] In her first acting role, IU played Kim Pil-sook, a shy and overweight school girl who dreams of becoming a professional singer. Admitting that she was doubtful about her readiness to take on acting, IU remarked that she gained confidence in learning that the part would require singing and would later describe the experience as a tremendously enjoyable one.[30][57] For the series' soundtrack, she released the single, "Someday", which achieved number-one position on the Gaon Digital Chart on the week of January 30 – February 5, 2011.[60] By the end of 2011, the single had sold 2,209,924 digital copies and is one of IU's best-selling singles for a soundtrack.[61]

A follow-up extended play to Real was released on February 16, 2011, with the title, Real+, containing three songs.[62] The lead single, "Only I Didn't Know" (Korean: 나만 몰랐던 이야기), was composed by singer-songwriter Yoon Sang with lyrics written by Kim Eana. Yoon Sang wrote the song for IU after spotting her momentary sad expression on a television broadcast.[63] The ballad's tone was a departure from her more recent releases, with IU describing it as dark, sad and sentimental, which is closer to her music preference.[19][57] The song performed well commercially, debuting at number one on the Gaon Digital Chart.[64]

IU performing at a Disney Channel and Disney Junior launching event in South Korea on June 29, 2011.

IU took on various side-projects after the end of Dream High. On March 10, 2011, IU performed as the opening act for British singer-songwriter Corinne Bailey Rae's first solo concert in Seoul with two songs, before joining Bailey Rae during her performance of "Put Your Records On".[65] Bailey Rae, whom IU described as her role model, said of IU, "It's incredible that her voice is so soulful even though she's young."[66] In the same month, IU was appointed as one of the new hosts of the music program, Inkigayo, a position which she held until July 2013.[67] In May 2011, IU recorded her first self-composed song, "Hold My Hand" (Korean: 내 손을 잡아), for the romantic-comedy television series, The Greatest Love.[68] The song peaked at number two on the Gaon Digital Chart and sold 2,031,787 digital copies in 2011.[61][69] Between May and July 2011, IU took part in the reality ice-skating competition series, Kim Yuna's Kiss & Cry, as a celebrity contestant until she was eliminated in the eighth episode.[70][71] During this time, she also participated in Immortal Songs: Singing the Legend but eventually withdrew after recording one episode due to her overwhelming schedule.[72][73] On her wide-ranging activities in entertainment, IU remarked that while singing, acting, and variety are all difficult, she finds variety to be the most tiring.[74]

IU's second studio album, Last Fantasy, was released on November 29, 2011.[75] The Korea JoongAng Daily described the album as one that would "suit all kinds of musical tastes and fans", while Billboard noted the "cinematic feel" of the album as set by the opening track, "Secret".[76][77] Produced by Jo Yeong-cheol, whom IU worked with on Real, the album contains collaborative works with singer-songwriters such as Yoon Sang, Lee Juck and Ra.D. The total number of download sales made from the album's tracks exceeded 10 million within the first two weeks.[78] Eight out of the album's thirteen songs debuted in the top ten on the Gaon Digital Chart, while the album debuted at number one on the Gaon Album Chart.[79][80] The main single, "You & I" (Korean: 너랑 나), became IU's most commercially successful single with almost 5.5 million digital copies sold by the end of 2012.[81] It topped the Gaon Chart as well as the newly established Billboard K-pop Hot 100 chart at the time of release.[80][82]

Shortly before the release of Last Fantasy, IU signed with EMI Music Japan (now part of Universal Music Japan) as a precursor to her entry into the Japanese market.[83] A selection of her previously released songs was compiled into an extended play called I□U that was released in Japan on December 14, 2011.[84]

IU performing at Expo Pop Festival on July 3, 2012.

As promotions for Last Fantasy and its main single "You & I" continued into 2012 in South Korea, IU began preparations for her debut in Japan by playing two shows at the Bunkamura Orchard Hall in Shibuya, Tokyo to an audience of about 4,000 people on January 24, 2012.[31] She performed six songs including her debut single, "Lost Child", and the Japanese version of "Good Day" with the support of either a live orchestra or her own acoustic guitar accompaniment.[31][85] Subsequent to the concert, both "Good Day" and "You & I" were released as new singles in Japan with translated lyrics to moderate success. According to Japan's Oricon Singles Chart, the single album of Good Day sold 21,000 physical copies on the first week of release with the single debuting on the chart at number six.[86] On the Billboard Japan Hot 100, "Good Day" peaked at number 5.[87] "You & I" peaked at number four on the Oricon Singles Chart and number eleven on the Billboard Japan Hot 100.[88][89] In support of her Japanese single releases, IU toured five cities—Tokyo, Sapporo, Nagoya, Osaka and Fukuoka—in a mini-concert series called IU Friendship Showcase - Spring 2012.[90]

IU embarked on her first concert tour, Real Fantasy, in June 2012. She played shows in six different cities across South Korea, starting with two shows in Seoul.[91] The opening shows on June 2–3 were sold out within 30 minutes of the tickets going on sale on April 17.[92] It was reported that 43.8% of ticket purchasers were between the ages of 20 and 29, while 71% were male, which was considered uncommon for a K-pop concert.[92] The tour continued to Ulsan, Jeonju, Suwon, Busan and Daegu, before returning to Seoul with two encore concerts that ended on September 23, 2012.[93] Guest performers included Ra.D, Lim Seul-ong and Lee Seung-gi.[94]

Due to her commitments towards preparing for her first solo tour, IU was unable to make broadcast promotions for her fifth Korean extended play, Spring of a Twenty Year Old (Korean: 스무 살의 봄), which was released on May 11, 2012. The album, named to celebrate IU turning the Korean age of 20, contains three songs with the lead single being "Peach" (Korean: 복숭아).[95] Self-composed by IU, "Peach" peaked at number two on the Gaon Digital Chart and number three on the Billboard K-pop Hot 100.[96][97] The second single released from the album was "Every End of the Day" (Korean: 하루 끝), which topped the Gaon Digital Chart for two weeks and the Billboard K-pop Hot 100 for four weeks.[2][98] In place of the usual 4–5 minute music video that usually accompanies a single release, a 26-minute-long documentary-style music film was shot in Venice and Burano and released alongside the album, featuring both "Peach" and "Every End of the Day".[95]

IU returned to Japan on September 17, 2012, to perform one show, titled IU Friendship Special Concert — Autumn 2012, at the Tokyo International Forum to a crowd of over 5,000 people.[99] With Sunny Hill as a guest act, IU performed a mixture of her own songs and covers of Korean and Japanese songs such as "Juliette" by Shinee, "Friend" by Anzen Chitai and "Aishiteru" from the Natsume's Book of Friends anime series.[100] Live recordings of "Friend" and "Aishiteru" from the event were later released as promotional digital singles. Nearing the end of her Real Fantasy tour and promotions in Japan, IU resumed her hosting duties on Inkigayo after taking a three-month leave due to concert commitments.[101] She also became the host of MBC's short-lived television quiz show, Quiz Show Q, alongside Park Myeong-su and Sun Bom Soo.[102] On December 29, IU hosted the 2012 SBS Gayo Daejeon, an annual music program, alongside Bae Suzy and actor Jung Gyu-woon. She was selected by the program's producer for her MC skills that she demonstrated on Inkigayo.[103]

For her accomplishments over the past year, IU won two awards at the 2012 Seoul Music Awards; Last Fantasy was named Record of the Year, while she was among the ten musical acts who were awarded the Main Prize.[104] At the Korean Music Awards, "Good Day" was named Song of the Year and Best Pop Song, while she was named Female Musician of the Year (Netizen Vote).[105] Billboard magazine named IU as one of the hottest musicians under 21 years old in 2012 for her "unique charm and undeniable hits [that] have made her into a bona fide superstar".[2]

IU at a Modern Times concert in Busan, South Korea, on December 1, 2013.

IU started 2013 by taking on her first leading role in a television series, playing the title role in You're the Best, Lee Soon-shin. Her character was described as a "loser" who is seemingly average in every way except for her daring and bright personality, which helps her to overcome hardships.[106] Despite the worries of casting someone who is better known as a singer in the role, director Yoon Sung-sik decided to cast IU after seeing her performance in Dream High and thought that she suited the image he had envisioned for the character.[107] Her co-stars Go Doo-shim and Lee Ji-hoon, as well as the production crew, praised her performance, especially during emotional scenes.[108][109][110] As the series progressed, IU's performance garnered positive critical reviews despite early reservations shown about her casting, with the viewership ratings reaching a peak of 30.8%.[111][112] She was nominated for the Excellence in Acting Award (Best Actress in a Serial Drama) at the 2013 KBS Drama Awards. For the drama, she released a recording with her co-star Jo Jung-suk of her self-composed duet, "Beautiful Song" (Korean: 예쁘다송), which was not included on the official soundtrack.[113]

In the same period, IU released her second Japanese extended-play album, Can You Hear Me?, featuring her first original Japanese songs. Two tracks from the album were released as singles; "Beautiful Dancer" and "New World" peaked at number 66 and 76 respectively on the Billboard Japan Hot 100, ranking significantly lower than her Japanese-translated versions of "Good Day" and "You & I", which were top 10 releases.[114] Rolling Stone Japan gave the album a positive review, highlighting "Beautiful Dancer" and "Truth" as stand-out tracks.[115] In an interview with Oricon, IU recalled how shocked and touched she was to receive "Beautiful Dancer" and "Truth" from R&B producers Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis.[116] Her next Japanese single, "Monday Afternoon", was released on September 11, 2013, debuting at number 27 on Billboard Japan Hot 100 chart and number 9 on Japan's Oricon Daily Chart.[117][118]

Almost two years after Last Fantasy, IU released her third studio album, Modern Times, on October 8, 2013. It was described to be "a big shift from the young singer's K-pop roots" that showcased a "more mature and sophisticated sound and image" than her previous work.[119] IU composed and wrote two out of the album's 13 tracks, which ranged from swing to jazz, bossa nova, Latin pop and folk genres.[120] The diversity of jazz styles and the mix of collaborative tracks were highlighted in reviews by Billboard and The Korea Herald.[3][121] Billboard described the album as one that features "throwback vibes with a modern twist a la Christina Aguilera's Back to Basics record", with IU proving to have "musical sensibilities well beyond a typical 20-year-old".[3] The Korea Herald wrote: "...vintage sounds and modern effects are put together artfully, forming a fresh but familiar compilation of songs. Modern Times has a distinct carefree feel that is reminiscent of jazz during the Roaring Twenties."[121] Modern Times debuted at number one on the Gaon Album Chart, while seven of its tracks achieved top ten positions on the Gaon Digital Chart with the lead single, "The Red Shoes" (Korean: 분홍신), placing in the number one position.[122][123] Similarly, the album debuted number four on Billboard's World Albums Chart, with twelve tracks in the K-pop Hot 100 chart.[124][125] The album was ranked number two on Billboard's "25 Greatest K-Pop Albums of the 2010s" list.[4]

On the second week of her promotional activities for Modern Times, IU decided to join the romantic-comedy series Bel Ami.[126] She played the "quirky" and "playful" role of Kim Bo-tong, a carefree girl in her twenties who has had an unrequited crush on the male protagonist since high school.[126] For her performance, IU was nominated in the Outstanding Korean Actress category at the 2014 Seoul International Drama Awards.[127] In support of Modern Times, IU held her second concert tour with three shows which took place on November 23–24, 2013, at Kyung Hee University's Peace Hall in Seoul and ended on December 1, 2013, at KBS Hall in Busan.[128] Promotions for Modern Times progressed into 2014 with IU performing in Hong Kong for the first time in a solo concert.[129] A repackaged version of Modern Times, titled Modern Times — Epilogue, was released on December 20, 2013, with two additional tracks: "Friday" (Korean: 금요일에 만나요) and "Pastel Crayon" (Korean: 크레파스). Her self-composed track, "Friday", was originally intended to be included in Modern Times but was later released as the lead single of Modern Times — Epilogue.[130] Described as a "mid-tempo, bossa nova number", "Friday" held the number one position on the Billboard Korea K-pop Hot 100 chart for two weeks after release.[82][131] The lead single was successful on the Gaon Digital Chart, peaking at number one, and became the 10th best-selling digital single of 2014.[132][133]

IU at the 2014 Melon Music Awards

IU released her sixth Korean extended-play and first cover album, A Flower Bookmark (Korean: 꽃갈피), on May 16, 2014. The album contains seven renditions of tracks that hailed from the 1980s and 1990s with a mixture of genres that included ballad, dance, folk and rock.[134] The album came about at the request of fans and due to the positive feedback she had previously received for her cover songs.[135] Three tracks debuted in the top ten of the Gaon Digital Chart on the week of release, with the main single, "My Old Story" (Korean: 나의 옛날 이야기), ultimately peaking at number 2.[136][137] However, it was her collaboration with Kim Chang-wan on the remake of his 1984 song, "The Meaning of You" (Korean: 너의 의미), that became the best-selling track from the album and also her best-selling single of 2014.[138] The album was well received by The Korea Times for providing "a pleasant, calming respite from the mainstream music of today's times", and praised IU for her reinterpretations: "For every track, IU keeps a careful balance between preserving the song's original sentiments and altering the original with her own color and arrangements."[139] Billboard highlighted the track, "Pierrot Smiles at Us" (Korean: 삐에로는 우릴 보고 웃지), as the "most ambitious tune she tackled" and one that proved her diversity as a singer.[76]

IU's wish to conduct a more intimate and smaller scale concert was fulfilled in her third solo Korean concert series, "Just One Step... That Much More".[140] The concert series took place over eight nights from May 22 to June 1 at Sogang University's Mary Hall, which had a capacity of 450 people.[141] Tickets to all eight shows were sold out within 10 minutes of release on May 7, 2014.[141] As well as playing the keyboard for the first time on stage, IU performed all the seven songs from A Flower Bookmark among various new arrangements of her earlier songs.[140] Guest acts included Kim Jong-hyun, Jung Yong-hwa, Hwang Kwanghee, Kim Bum-soo, Lim Seul-ong, Jo Jung-suk, Ha Dong-kyun and Akdong Musician.[142] Profits made from the concerts were donated to the victims of the Sewol Ferry Disaster.[143]

Two months after her solo concerts ended, IU made her debut performance in the United States at the KCON music festival held in Los Angeles on August 9–10.[144] IU was the only female act to perform on the first day of KCON and for the event, she performed "The Red Shoes", "You & I", "Friday", and "You Know".[144] In their review, Los Angeles Times opined that IU had a "sprightly stage presence, and as a solo female singer, she's breaking the molds for K-pop stardom."[145] IU expressed her anxiety performing at the event in her interview with Billboard: "I always get nervous when I'm performing at international shows... I think I need to study English for the next visit to the U.S. It's suffocating not being able to communicate with fans..."[146]

Throughout 2014, IU's collaborations with other artists spawned top-ten hits: "Not Spring, Love, or Cherry Blossoms" (Korean: 봄, 사랑, 벚꽃 말고), the debut single of High4, which featured IU as lyricist and vocalist, reached number one on both the Gaon Digital Chart and Billboard Korea K-pop Hot 100;[14][147] "Anxious Heart" (Korean: 애타는 마음), recorded by Ulala Session and IU in 2012 but was released more than a year later out of respect for the death of Ulala Session's lead vocalist, peaked at number four on the Gaon Digital Chart;[148][149] "Sing for Me" (Korean: 노래 불러줘요), which was released as part of g.o.d's eighth studio album, peaked at number nine on the Gaon Digital Chart;[150][151] "Sogyeokdong" (Korean: 소격동), written by Seo Taiji for his Quiet Night album and sung by IU in the October 2 release version, debuted at number four on the Gaon Digital Chart;[152][153] and "When Would It Be" (Korean: 언제쯤이면), a duet with her labelmate Yoon Hyun-sang for his debut album, Pianoforte, which also peaked at number nine on the Gaon Digital Chart.[154][155] After "Not Spring, Love, or Cherry Blossoms" topped Billboard Korea K-pop Hot 100 chart, IU became its "all-time chart leader" with five number-one songs and the artist who has spent the most weeks at number one since the chart's creation in September 2011.[14]

IU during her Chat-Shire tour on November 29, 2015.

In 2015, two years after her last acting role, IU starred alongside Kim Soo-hyun, Cha Tae-hyun, and Gong Hyo-jin in The Producers , which was named as one of the most anticipated TV series of the year in South Korea.[156] She played Cindy, a diva-like singer who decides to participate in a variety show to improve her public image. Analysing her character's perceived icy demeanor, IU commented that she could relate to her character's "biting attitude" and how similar her character was to herself.[156] The series and IU's portrayal of Cindy were met with lukewarm reviews at the premier but both the viewership and critical response improved over the course of the series, peaking at 17.7% viewership for the last episode.[157][158] She performed two songs in character, "Twenty Three" and "Heart" (Korean: 마음), both of which were later included as bonus tracks on her 2015 album, Chat-Shire. While she wrote the lyrics for both songs, she also composed the music for "Heart", which was released as a digital single on May 18. "Heart" topped the charts upon its release and went on to become the tenth best-selling digital single of 2015 in South Korea.[159][160] "Heart" was among a slew of K-pop songs used by South Korea's Defense Ministry in its propaganda broadcasts to North Korea during the two countries' tense standoff in August 2015, with the aim of advertising the "South Korean youth culture".[161][162] Through The Producers, IU's popularity in China soared—reportedly receiving offers for several projects from Chinese companies.[163]

After the completion of The Producers, IU participated in the biennial music festival event hosted by the variety show, Infinite Challenge, in which each participating singer-songwriter is partnered with one of the six hosts to create a song for the festival. The preparation process and festival event were aired over the course of seven episodes. She was partnered with Park Myeong-su, with whom she recorded and performed the song, "Leon" (as inspired by the film Léon: The Professional). The live performance event on August 13, 2015, attracted an estimated crowd of 40,000 at Alpensia Ski Jumping Stadium as shown in the final episode, which achieved a 21.1% viewer's rating on its August 22 airdate.[164] Subsequent to the final episode's broadcast, "Leon" was released along with the other songs from the festival as a digital track and on the official festival album. "Leon" reached number one on all of South Korea's music charts upon release.[165]

IU's seventh Korean extended play, Chat-Shire, was released digitally on October 23, 2015, prior to its physical release on October 27. IU asserted greater creative control on the album, writing the lyrics for all seven tracks (as well as the physical album's two bonus tracks) and composing the music for five tracks either individually or collaboratively.[166] She was also credited as the album's executive producer.[167] The lead single, "Twenty-Three" (Korean: 스물셋), topped the national music charts upon release with several of the album's tracks also ranking in the top ten.[7] The album reached a peak position of number four on Billboard's World Albums chart.[168] Billboard described the album as a "must-hear" release, containing "some of [IU's] most personal music yet", and named "The Shower" (Korean: 푸르던) as its stand-out track.[76][5]

IU at a fansign event in July 2016

Despite positive critical reviews and success in the music charts, the album became controversial due to the lyrics of "Zezé" and the audio samples used in the bonus track "Twenty Three" (not to be confused with the similarly titled lead single).[169] On November 4, the Korean publisher of the novel My Sweet Orange Tree, from which IU drew inspiration for the song "Zezé", stirred debate in the entertainment industry on freedom of interpretation when it leveled criticisms at IU for her interpretation of the five-year-old protagonist as a "sexual object".[170][171] Two days later, IU issued a public statement: "I did not mean to turn Zeze into a sexual object... but I realize that my lyrics have offended many, and for this I apologize."[170] On November 10, the publisher released an apology for its failure to acknowledge "diversity of interpretation."[170][171] For the bonus track "Twenty Three", voice samples from Britney Spears' "Gimme More" were allegedly used without permission.[172] Billboard ranked Chat-Shire the sixth best K-pop album of 2015, explaining that "IU knows how to take the sounds of yesterday and update them to stunning results."[173]

Prior to the release of Chat-Shire, LOEN announced that IU would not be partaking in broadcast promotions for the album and would instead be holding a national tour from November to December 2015.[174] The Chat-Shire tour began in Seoul on November 21 and continued to Busan, Daegu and Gwangju, before returning to Seoul, where it ended on December 31.[175][176] In the midst of her concert tour for Chat-Shire in South Korea, IU also increased promotional activities in Hong Kong, China and Taiwan, hosting fan-meetings and concerts in various cities as well as releasing a compilation album, Smash Hits, to the Taiwanese market on December 11, 2015.[177] Containing 16 previously released songs, Smash Hits was published by Warner Music Taiwan and topped the K-pop album chart of Taiwan's leading online music store, KKBOX, on its first week of release.[178] Tickets to her concert of January 10, 2016, in Taiwan also sold out within two minutes of going on sale.[179] Towards the end of 2015, IU hosted SBS's annual end-of-year music program, Gayo Daejeon, with Shin Dong-yup. The program's producers said of their host selection, "IU has been deeply acknowledged for her musical talents, moving beyond the image of 'Korea's cute younger sister'."[180] For her accomplishments in 2015, Ize listed IU as one of the "Persons of the Year", while GQ Korea named her as the "Woman of the Year".[181][182]

In September 2016, IU starred as the lead role, Hae Soo, in Moon Lovers: Scarlet Heart Ryeo, a Korean adaptation of the Chinese novel Bu Bu Jing Xin.[183][184]

IU at her Palette concert in Seoul, South Korea, on December 10, 2017.

IU published her fourth studio album, Palette, on April 21, 2017, of which she served as the primary lyricist and executive producer.[185][186] Three singles from the album were released earlier; the lead single of the same name featuring G-Dragon from Big Bang;[187] as well as two pre-release tracks "Through the Night" (Korean: 밤편지) and "Can't Love You Anymore".[188][189] Palette (Korean: 팔레트) debuted atop Billboard World Albums chart, a first for the singer,[190] and topped local charts in both album sales and downloads.[191] Billboard highlighted and complimented IU's stronger creative control on the album, saying that it successfully allowed listeners to learn more about her and ultimately paving way for greater success both in Korea and internationally.[186] Palette was a commercial success, with all three singles from the album peaking at the top of the Gaon Digital Chart,[192][193][194] with the main single, "Palette" spending a total of two weeks at number 1. However, it was her first pre-release track, "Through the Night" that became the best-selling track from the album and also her best-selling single of 2017.[195]

Palette was also critically acclaimed and received multiple accolades, including "Best Pop Album" at the 15th Korean Music Awards,[196] "Album of the Year" at the Melon Music Awards,[197] and "Record of the Year (Album)" award at the 27th Seoul Music Awards;[198] IU herself was awarded the Best Female Artist at the Mnet Asian Music Awards.[199] The album also earned IU a "Best Songwriter" award at the Melon Music Awards,[197] a "Lyricist of the Year" award at the 7th Gaon Chart Music Awards and a "Producer of the Year" award for herself and her production team.[200] IU also received the "Song of the Year" award at the 32nd Golden Disc Awards for her hit song "Through the Night".[201] Billboard magazine listed "Palette" at number six on its list of "Best K-Pop Songs of 2017", explaining "The mellow-dy belies a topsy-turvy world of self-satire, idiosyncratic sound effects and throwbacks to older eras."[202] The New York Times Magazine also featured "Palette" on its list of "25 Songs That Tell Us Where Music Is Going", making IU the only Asian artist to make the list while appreciating IU's ability as a singer-songwriter to project authenticity in K-pop.[203] Furthermore, Billboard ranked Palette the best K-pop album of 2017, explaining that "An album as impressive and sonically diverse as Palette proves why injecting an artist's personal experiences into their music can lead to their greatest work yet."[204] During the promotional period of Palette, IU joined the reality program Hyori's Homestay.[205]

IU released her second cover album, A Flower Bookmark 2 on September 22, 2017. Like its predecessor, the album contained renditions of tracks released from the 1960s to the early 2000s with a mixture of genres such as folk, retro, ballad and nu-disco.[206][207] Prior to the album's release, a single titled "Autumn Morning" was released without prior notice on September 18 to mark the singer's ninth anniversary.[208][209] The album was originally intended to include Kim Kwang-seok's track "With the Heart to Forget You", however, due to recent events surrounding the singer's family, it was ultimately decided that the track would be removed out of respect for the ongoing investigations.[210] She later went on a tour in various cities around Korea as well as Hong Kong from November to December 2017 to promote the album.[211] IU was also featured in the title song, "Love Story", of Epik High's ninth album, We've Done Something Wonderful, which was released on October 23, 2017. Gallup Korea ranked her the most popular K-pop artist of 2017 (she previously topped the ranking in 2014) and also the most popular K-pop idol of the year.[16][212]

In March 2018, IU starred in tvN's My Mister, playing the character Lee Ji-an.[213] The series was commercially and critically successful with peak audience ratings of 7.3% making it one of the highest rated Korean dramas in cable television history, and positive reviews for IU's performance.[214][215] IU then contributed her vocals to Zico's "Soulmate", which was released on July 23, 2018. Upon release, the single topped the daily and real time charts of all 6 major Korean music sites and claimed the number-one position on the Gaon Digital Chart.[216]

To commemorate her tenth debut anniversary, IU released a single titled "Bbibbi" in October 2018.[217] The music video was released alongside the single on October 10, 2018. The following day, Kakao M confirmed that "Bbibbi" had surpassed one million unique listeners on Korea's largest music site, Melon, only 16 hours after its release. They stated that by 23 hours in, it had already broken the previous 24-hour unique listener record set by her duet "Leon" with Park Myung-su in 2015.[218] "Bbibbi" went on to record a total of 1,462,625 unique listeners in the first 24 hours of its release. The single peaked at number one on the Gaon Digital Chart, and at number five on the Billboard's World Digital Songs Chart.[219][220] Billboard magazine listed "Bbibbi" at number 87 on its list of "Best Songs of 2018", explaining "The single not only comments on IU's experiences in the public life, but it doubles as a universal empowerment anthem, knowing and acknowledging one's worth and personal rights."[221] The single was also listed at number 4 on Billboard's list of "The 20 Best K-pop Songs of 2018".[222] IU began her first Asian tour, titled IU 10th Anniversary Tour Concert, on October 28, 2018.[223] Two months later, IU featured on Kim Dong-ryul's "Fairytale", which peaked at number four on the Gaon Digital Chart.[224]

IU at a concert in Jeju during the Dlwlrma tour on January 5, 2019.

On April 11, 2019, IU made her film debut in the Netflix anthology series Persona.[225] She portrayed different characters in each of the four short films which were written and directed by the critically acclaimed directors Lee Kyoung-mi, Yim Pil-sung, Jeon Go-woon and Kim Jong-kwan.[226][227] It was the sixth most popular program on Netflix in Korea in 2019.[228] During the summer, IU starred in the fantasy mystery drama Hotel del Luna, written by the Hong Sisters. She also sang one of the songs on the soundtrack, "Happy Ending".[229] The drama was a commercial success, recording the highest ratings in its timeslot throughout its run.[230] IU was set to release her ninth extended play, Love Poem, on November 1. However, she decided to postpone the EP's release to November 18 following her close friend Sulli's death.[231][232] Her single "Peach" (2012), inspired by Sulli, re-entered charts as a tribute to the late singer.[233] The EP's eponymous lead single was released as planned, subsequently peaking at number one on the Gaon Digital Chart, and at number nine on Billboard's World Digital Songs Chart.[234][235] On November 2, 2019, IU began her second Asian tour, titled Love Poem, in Gwangju.[236] Nearly 90,000 fans attended her two-month tour during which she visited 10 cities.[237]

On January 3, 2020, it was announced that IU would star in the film Dream alongside Park Seo-joon. Directed by Lee Byeong-heon, it will tell the story of people participating in the Homeless World Cup.[238][239] For the first time in nine years, IU participated in a soundtrack album with the song "Give You My Heart" for the hit romantic comedy Crash Landing on You.[240] Released on February 15, 2020, it debuted at number 71 on South Korea's Gaon Digital Chart, 2020,[241] rising and reaching number one the following week.[242] On May 6, 2020, IU released the single "Eight" featuring and produced by BTS's Suga.[243] It follows IU's previous singles "Twenty-Three" (2015) and "Palette" (2017) which together comprise her "coming-of-age" series.[244] The song's title derives from the last digit of the Korean age "twenty-eight" of both artists.[245] On June 19, 2020, IU released the song "Into the I-LAND" as the signal song for the survival reality show I-Land.[246]

On January 9, 2021, IU won Song of the Year at the 35th Golden Disc Awards for "Blueming", becoming the first female soloist to win two grand prizes in the award show's history.[247] While onstage accepting her award, she hinted that she would be soon returning with a new single titled "Celebrity" and that the new song would have a refreshing and cheerful pop sound.[248] Two days later, Edam Entertainment confirmed her return with the pre-release single "Celebrity" on January 27, 2021.[249] On March 3, she announced her fifth studio album, Lilac, which was released on March 25[250] to immediate commercial success; the album debuted atop the Gaon Album Chart, and all tracks had simultaneously charted in the top 30 of the Gaon Digital Chart. In October, IU announced that her digital single "Strawberry Moon" would be released on October 19.[251] IU later teased a special album titled Pieces, which was released on December 29.[252]

IU performing at The Golden Hour: Under the Orange Sun concert on September 18, 2022.

IU's first project of 2022 was the collaborative single "Ganadara" with Jay Park, which peaked at number one on both the Gaon Digital Chart and the Billboard K-pop Hot 100.[253][254][255] Her first documentary, Pieces:29th Winter, was scheduled to release on March 16 but was later postponed to March 23.[256] On April 13, IU completed the filming of her first feature film Dream in Hungary. Commenting on her experience shooting the film, she said, "It was my first feature film shooting. It has accumulated more memories than any other work, so I think it will remain in my memory for a long time."[257]

The following month, IU starred in the film Broker, playing single mother So-young, who initially decides to leave her newborn at a baby box but later changes her mind and tries to retrieve her child.[258] Director Hirokazu Kore-eda choose to cast IU after seeing her moving performance in My Mister (2018), as he felt that she was the only actress who could embody So-young's character.[258] Broker was chosen to compete for the Palme d'Or, and its premiere was held at the 75th Cannes Film Festival.[258] Film critic Ben Rolph praised IU's performance, writing that "it is K-pop singer-turned actor Lee Ji-eun who leads the ensemble down its path of brilliance as she performs her heart out, she is the soul of the film."[259] The performance earned her a nomination for Best New Actress at the 27th Chunsa International Film Festival.[260]

On July 27, 2022, it was announced that IU would hold a concert, The Golden Hour: Under the Orange Sun, at the Seoul Olympic Stadium on September 17 and 18, becoming the first Korean female artist to perform there.[12]

IU has been credited for writing over seventy-two songs over the course of her career, including music for her career as a solo artist, songs for other performers and various songs for film or drama. The first two songs for which she received songwriting credit were Yoo Seung-ho's "Believe in Love", which she featured on, for the compilation album Road for Hope,[261] and "Alone in the Room" from her third extended play (EP) Real.[262] Her first self-composition was "Hold My Hand" for The Greatest Love in 2011.[68][263] Considering the fact that she wrote the song not for herself but at the behest of the drama's producers, IU found the experience difficult as she had to match the drama's cheerful tone.[74] On her second studio album Last Fantasy,[264] IU began to take more creative control over her music, writing six of the thirteen total tracks. Her following studio album Modern Times[265] and its re-release Modern Times – Epilogue[266] was also mostly written by IU and South Korean lyricist Kim Eana, who had previously wrote multiple tracks on Last Fantasy. IU wrote the lyrics to each track on her subsequent releases, Chat-Shire[166] and Palette,[267] with the exception of one song on the latter, and served as executive producer of both. The lyrics on her fifth EP Love Poem[268] were entirely self-written, and she received composition credits on two tracks, "The Visitor"[268] and "Blueming".[268] IU wrote lyrics to all the tracks on her fifth studio album, Lilac.[269] Additionally, she helped compose two of the album's singles, "Coin" and "Celebrity".[269] IU has also written and performed multiple songs for various South Korean films and dramas, including The Producers,[270] My Mister,[271] Bel Ami[272] and Hotel Del Luna.[273] Sixteen of the tracks written by IU have been released as singles, with eleven of those reaching the top of the Gaon Digital Chart, including "Through the Night"[274] and "Friday",[275] the third and fifth best-selling singles in South Korea, with more than six million[276] and five million sales, respectively.[277]

According to The Korea Herald, consolation is one of the core themes explored in IU's music, most notably in "Through the Night" and "Dear Name", both songs both from Palette.[278]

IU performing at the 2017 Melon Music Awards

IU possesses a soprano vocal range,[279][280] with acoustician and professor Myung-jin Bae expressing her range also has mezzo-soprano qualities when writing an article comparing her voice to Hyun Bin.[281][282] Her vocal ability is often met with positive reception. Monique Danao of South China Morning Post noted that IU could quickly transition from a "sweet" voice to "hit powerful notes".[279] On his 2011 academic paper co-written by Doo-heon Kyon at Soongsil University, Bae used "Good Day" as the basis for his vocal analysis, stating that when IU reached the highest note (F♯₅) in the three-note increment, her stability in frequency showed a lengthy duration with abundant lung capacity, and commenting that she "expresses well beyond the highest range required by the soprano [voice type]".[280]

As of August 2022, IU has donated a total of ₩4.3 billion since her debut.[284] IU has donated all the proceeds from her fanmeetings since 2011.[284] Since February 2012, IU has been an ambassador for South Korea's National Police Agency in their anti-bullying campaigns in schools; she was made an honorary member of the police force in 2013 before being promoted to an honorary senior police officer in 2014 for a two-year term.[285] In 2015, and later in 2018, 2019 and 2020, IU donated ₩100 million to the Green Umbrella Children's Foundation, requesting it be used to assist underprivileged children.[286][287][288] She has also volunteered for the organization.[289] IU established a scholarship at her high school alma-mater in 2016 after regularly donating there for several years. The scholarship, dubbed the "IU Scholarship", is designed to help four graduates from families needing financial aid.[290]

In 2018, IU provided ₩20 million in financial aid to five college students, helping to cover their room and board.[286] That same year, IU participated in the Ice Bucket Challenge, an Internet challenge designed to promote Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) awareness.[291] In 2019, after playing Lee Ji-an in the hit drama My Mister the year before, IU donated ₩50 million to the Deaf Senior Citizens Support Center, inspired by her role where she had to learn sign language.[292] She also donated ₩10 million through Seocho District Office for those in vulnerable social groups and elderly living alone,[293] ₩100 million to celebrate her 11th anniversary,[294] and other ₩100 million at the end of the year to the Korean Foundation for Support of the Senior Citizen.[295] Her philanthropy efforts earned her a mention in Forbes' "Asia's 2019 Heroes of Philanthropy: Catalysts For Change", being the youngest to have made the list.[296]

During COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, the Korean Medical Association said that IU donated 3,000 pieces of medical protective clothing, worth ₩100 million,[297] and about 4,600 cooling vests, worth ₩100 million for nurses, according to the Korean Nurses Association.[298] In August 2020, she donated ₩100 million to the Korea Disaster Relief Association to help the victims of floods.[299]

In May 2021, she donated ₩10 million to Yangpyeong county to aid single parent families and grandparents raising grandchildren.[300] On her birthday, May 16, 2021, she donated a total of ₩500 million to the Korea Pediatric Cancer Foundation, the Korean Single Mothers and Families Association, the Comprehensive Support Center for Elderly Living Alone, the Child Welfare Association, the Yeouldol Association, and the Purme Foundation, to fund the treatment of children and adolescents with rare diseases and to support single-parent families, the elderly living alone, and children in difficult financial situations.[301] For the 13th anniversary of her debut on September 18, 2021, she donated ₩850 million of products, from winter coats and bedding sets, to water bottles for 20 COVID-19 clinics in Seoul.[302] On December 24, 2021, the Green Umbrella Children's Foundation said that IU donated ₩100 million. The donation will be used for the Dream Tree Scholarship to support tuition for prospective college students among low-income grandchild families and single-parent families.[303]

In March 2022, IU donated ₩100 million to Hope Bridge Disaster Relief Association to help residents affected by the Uljin and Samcheok wildfires and her donation will be used to support temporary housing for forest fire victims.[304] In honor of Children's Day, IU donated ₩100 million to the Green Umbrella Children's Foundation, which will be used to support children from low-income single-parent families and grandparents, and to renovate facilities dedicated to children.[305] On her birthday, May 16, 2022, IU donated a total of ₩210 million to The Snail of Love, Korean Single Mothers Family Association, Eden Iville, and Changwon Social Welfare Corporation.[306] In May, IU donated ₩10 million to Yangpyeong-gun in honor of Family Month to "empower the children of the low-income and vulnerable classes".[307] In August, IU donated ₩100 million to the Hope Bridge Korea Disaster Relief Association to help those affected by the 2022 South Korean floods.[308] In September, to commemorate her 14th career anniversary, she donated ₩100 million both to the Asan Social Welfare Foundation and the Seoul Metropolitan City Welfare Association under IUaena, a combination of her and her fandom's names.[309]

IU at a Sony product launching event on September 20, 2017.

IU is one of the highest-earning celebrities in South Korea,[310] with endorsements attributing to a proportion of her income.[311] Over the course of her career, she has endorsed various products that ranged from electronics to clothing and cosmetics.[312] Her breakthrough in 2010 earned her the first three endorsement deals she had with Crown Confectionery's MyChew candy, Crown Bakery and clothing brand Y'sb.[312][313] Among her first endorsements that year were also video games.[314] When developer Ntreev Soft had chosen IU to endorse MMORPG Alicia: The Story of My Horse and I, they cited her "simple and innocent" image had complemented with the game's vibe,[314] and featured her in the soundtrack.[315] IU announced the player introductions for the Global StarCraft II League[314] — she later performed at the finals of the league in 2011.[316] In 2012–13, she was a spokesmodel for Aion and an in-game model was designed in her honor.[317][318]

IU has continuously been featured by Samsung for their advertisements for products such as Anycall,[319] Galaxy S II,[320] Wave 3,[lower-alpha 1][321] and Samsung Card in 2018–19.[322][323] Samsung also added a feature to have her voice for the Celeb Alarm in late-December 2019.[324] Additionally, IU was the ambassador for Expo 2012 held in Yeosu.[325] Following the release of A Flower Bookmark, she participated in Sony Korea's promotional campaign for its MDR-series headphones with You Hee-yeol[326] and continued to be a representative for the brand's audio products through 2015.[327] IU has modeled for clothing brands Unionbay[328] and Le Coq Sportif from 2011,[329] the SK Planet online store 11st,[330] G by GUESS with Yoo Seung-ho,[331] Elite with Infinite,[332] SBENU with Song Jae-rim,[333] and J.Estina jewelry.[334] Gucci appointed IU as their brand ambassador for South Korea in February 2020,[335][336] and later as global brand ambassador in March 2022,[337] she has posed with their clothing in numerous pictorials.[338][339] Later in July 2021, New Balance also announced IU as their global brand ambassador and started partnering for its "We Got Now" campaign.[340] As for cosmetic brands, IU has endorsed The Saem,[341] Qdsuh in China,[342] ISOI,[343][344] and CNP Cosmetics.[lower-alpha 2][346] After IU returned to endorse Unionbay in 2015 with Lee Hyun-woo[347] and ISOI selected her as a model for two years,[348] the two entities sponsored The Producers, in which IU had a leading role, through product placement.[349][350]

IU was selected as an advertising model by Woori Financial Group, owner of one of the four largest banks in South Korea, for her influence across various generations.[351] Other endorsements include S-Oil,[352] Homeplus,[353] Nongshim's products,[lower-alpha 3] fast-food chain Mexicana Chicken,[356] and Jeju Samdasoo[357] and Binggrae Banana Flavored Milk both in mid-2020.[358][359] In November 2014, HiteJinro announced that IU had become the spokesperson for Chamisul soju.[360] They renewed a contract with her in December 2015.[361]