Acanthus

Acanthus spinosus

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Lamiales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Cladus: Core eudicots Cladus: Asterids Cladus: Lamiids Ordo: Lamiales

Familia: Acanthaceae
Subfamilia: Acanthoideae
Tribus: Acantheae
Subtribus: Acanthinae
Genus: Acanthus
Species: A. albus – A. arboreus – A. austromontanus – A. carduaceus – A. caroli-alexandri – A. caudatus – A. dioscoridis – A. ebracteatus – A. eminens – A. flexicaulis – A. gaed – A. greuterianus – A. guineensis – A. hirsutus – A. hungaricus – A. ilicifolius – A. kulalensis – A. latisepalus – A. leucostachyus – A. longibracteatus – A. mayaccanus – A. mollis – A. montanus – A. polystachyus – A. sennii – A. seretii – A. spinosus – A. ueleensis – A. villaeanus – A. volubilis

Source(s) of checklist:
Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Acanthus in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2020 Oct 29. Reference page.

Name

Acanthus Tourn. ex L., Sp. Pl. 2: 639 ("939) (1753); Gen Pl. ed. 5: 286 (1754).

Type species: Acanthus mollis L., designated by M.L. Green, Prop. Brit. Bot. 170 (1929).)

Synonyms

Homotypic
- Acanthodus Raf., Princ. Fond. Somiol. 25 (1814)
Heterotypic
- Dilivaria Juss., Gen. Pl.: 103 (1789).
  - Type species: Dilivaria ilicifolia (L.) J.St.-Hil.
  - Dilicaria T.Anderson, J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 7: 36 (1863), orth. var..
- Cheilopsis Moq., Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris) 27: 230 (1832).
  - Type: Cheilopsis polystachya (Delile) Moq. ex Nees in Alph. de Candolle, Prodr. 11: 272 (25 Nov. 1847) (= Acanthus polystachyus Delile)
  - Zonablephis Raf., Sylva Tellur.: 143 (1838).
    - Type: Zonablephis polistachyus (Delile) Raf., Sylva Tellur.: 144 (1838) (= Acanthus polystachyus Delile)

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Continental: Europe
- Regional: Northern Europe
  - Great Britain (introduced).
- Regional: Middle Europe
  - Czechoslovakia (introduced).
- Regional: Southwestern Europe
  - Baleares, Corse, France, Portugal (introduced), Sardegna, Spain (introduced).
- Regional: Southeastern Europe
  - Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Kriti, Romania, Sicilia, Turkey-in-Europe, Yugoslavia.
Continental: Africa
- Regional: Northern Africa
  - Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia.
- Regional: Macaronesia
  - Azores, Canary Islands, Madeira (introduced).
- Regional: West Tropical Africa
  - Benin, Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Nigeria, Sierra Leone.
- Regional: West-Central Tropical Africa
  - Burundi, Central African Republic, Cameroon, Congo, Gabon, Gulf of Guinea Islands, Rwanda, Zaire.
- Regional: Northeast Tropical Africa
  - Chad, Ethiopia, Somalia, Sudan.
- Regional: East Tropical Africa
  - Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda.
- Regional: South Tropical Africa
  - Angola, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia.
- Regional: Western Indian Ocean
  - Mauritius (introduced).
Continental: Asia-Temperate
- Regional: Caucasus
  - Transcaucasus.
- Regional: Western Asia
  - East Aegean Islands, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon-Syria, Palestine, Turkey.
- Regional: Arabian Peninsula
  - Yemen.
- Regional: China
  - China South-Central, Hainan, China Southeast.
Continental: Asia-Tropical
- Regional: Indian Subcontinent
  - Assam, Bangladesh, East Himalaya, India, Sri Lanka.
- Regional: Indo-China
  - Andaman Islands, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Nicobar Islands, Thailand, Vietnam.
- Regional: Malesia
  - Borneo, Jawa, Lesser Sunda Islands, Malaya, Maluku, Philippines, Sumatera.
- Regional: Papuasia
  - Bismarck Archipelago, New Guinea, Solomon Islands.
Continental: Australasia
- Regional: Australia
  - Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia.
- Regional: New Zealand
  - New Zealand North, New Zealand South (introduced).
Continental: Pacific
- Regional: Southwestern Pacific
  - New Caledonia, Santa Cruz Islands, Vanuatu.
- Regional: Northwestern Pacific
  - Caroline Islands.
Continental: Northern America (introduced)
- Regional: Southwestern U.S.A.
  - California.
- Regional: Mexico
  - Mexico Central.
Continental: Southern America (introduced)
- Regional: Central America
  - Costa Rica.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2^nd Edition

References

Primary references

Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus II: 639. Reference page.
Linnaeus, C. 1754. Genera Plantarum, ed. 5: 286. Reference page.

Additional references

Hitchcock, A.S. & Green, M.L. 1929. Standard species of Linnaean genera of Phanerogamae (1753–1754). pp. 111–195 in International Botanical Congress. Cambridge (England), 1930. Nomenclature. Proposals by British Botanists. His Majesty's Stationery Office, London. Biblioteca Digital Reference page.

Links

Hassler, M. 2020. Acanthus. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2020. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2020 Oct 29. Reference page.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Acanthus in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2020 Oct 29. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2018. Acanthus. Published online. Accessed: Jun. 08 2018.
The Plant List 2013. Acanthus in The Plant List Version 1.1. Published online. Accessed: 2018 Jun. 08.
Tropicos.org 2018. Acanthus. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 08 Jun. 2018.
Farr, E.R. & Zijlstra, G. (eds.) 1996 onwards. Acanthus in Index Nominum Genericorum (Plantarum). Accessed: 2020 Oct 29.
Global Biodiversity Information Facility. 2019. GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset. Taxon: Acanthus. .
Farr, E.R. & Zijlstra, G. (eds.) 1996 onwards. Acanthus in Index Nominum Genericorum (Plantarum). Accessed: 2022 Nov 14.

Vernacular names

eesti: Karusõrg
suomi: Akantit
français: Acanthe
հայերեն: Ականթ, արջամագիլ, կեռանտ
italiano: Acanto
svenska: Akantusar
Türkçe: Ayıpençesi

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