Taxonavigation
Taxonavigation: Gentianales |
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Classification System: APG IV
Superregnum: Eukaryota |
Familia: Apocynaceae
Subfamilia: Asclepiadoideae
Tribus: Asclepiadeae
Subtribus: Cynanchinae
Genus: Cynanchum
Species: C. absconditum –
C. abyssinicum –
C. acidum –
C. aculeatum –
C. acuminatum –
C. acutum –
C. adalinae –
C. africanum –
C. alatum –
C. alternilobum –
C. altiscandens –
C. ambovombense –
C. ampanihense –
C. analamazaotrense –
C. anderssonii –
C. andringitrense –
C. angavokeliense –
C. annularium –
C. ansamalense –
C. anthonyanum –
C. antsiranense –
C. appendiculatopsis –
C. appendiculatum –
C. arabicum –
C. arenarium –
C. areysianum –
C. balense –
C. baronii –
C. batangense –
C. beatricis –
C. bernardii –
C. bicampanulatum –
C. bisinuatum –
C. blandum –
C. blyttioides –
C. bojerianum –
C. bosseri –
C. boudieri –
C. boveanum –
C. bowmanii –
C. brasiliense –
C. brevicoronatum –
C. brevipedicellatum –
C. bricenoi –
C. bungei –
C. callialatum –
C. carautanum –
C. caudigerum –
C. celebicum –
C. chanchanense –
C. chinense –
C. chouxii –
C. comorense –
C. compactum –
C. corymbosum –
C. crassiantherae –
C. crassipedicellatum –
C. cristalinense –
C. cuatrecasasii –
C. cubense –
C. cucullatum –
C. cyathiforme –
C. dalhousiae –
C. daltonii –
C. danguyanum –
C. decaryi –
C. decipiens –
C. decorsei –
C. defilippii –
C. descoingsii –
C. diazmirandae –
C. dimidiatum –
C. dombeyanum –
C. duclouxii –
C. elachistemmoides –
C. elegans –
C. ellipticum –
C. erikseniae –
C. erythranthum –
C. ethiopicum –
C. eurychitoides –
C. eurychiton –
C. falcatum –
C. fasciculiflorum –
C. fernandezii –
C. fimbricoronum –
C. floribundum –
C. floriferum –
C. foetidum –
C. folotsioides –
C. formosanum –
C. forskaolianum –
C. fragrans –
C. gentryi –
C. gerrardii –
C. gilbertii –
C. giraldii –
C. glomeratum –
C. gobicum –
C. goertsianum –
C. gonoloboides –
C. gracillimum –
C. graminiforme –
C. grandidieri –
C. graphistemmatoides –
C. guatemalense –
C. guehoi –
C. hardyi –
C. hastifolium –
C. haughtii –
C. hemsleyanum –
C. heteromorphum –
C. heydei –
C. hickenii –
C. hoedimeerium –
C. hooperianum –
C. humbert-capuronii –
C. implicatum –
C. insigne –
C. insipidum –
C. insulanum –
C. itremense –
C. jaliscanum –
C. jaramilloi –
C. juliani-marnieri –
C. jumellei –
C. junciforme –
C. kaschgaricum –
C. kingdonwardii –
C. kintungense –
C. kwangsiense –
C. lanhsuense –
C. lecomtei –
C. ledermannii –
C. leptolepis –
C. leptostephanum –
C. leucophellum –
C. lineare –
C. liukiuense –
C. loheri –
C. longipedunculatum –
C. longipes –
C. longirostrum –
C. lopezpalaciosii –
C. luteifluens –
C. lysimachioides –
C. maasii –
C. macranthum –
C. macrolobum –
C. madagascariense –
C. magale –
C. mahafialense –
C. mariense –
C. mariquitense –
C. marnierianum –
C. masoalense –
C. maximoviczii –
C. megalanthum –
C. membranaceum –
C. menarandrense –
C. messeri –
C. mevei –
C. meyeri –
C. microstemma –
C. minahassae –
C. montevidense –
C. moramangense –
C. moratii –
C. morilloi –
C. mossambicense –
C. muricatum –
C. napiferum –
C. natalitium –
C. nematostemma –
C. nielsenii –
C. obovatum –
C. obtusifolium –
C. officinale –
C. orangeanum –
C. oresbium –
C. otophyllum –
C. ovalifolium –
C. pachycladon –
C. pamirense –
C. papillatum –
C. paramorum –
C. pearsonianum –
C. pedunculatum –
C. peraffine –
C. perrieri –
C. petignatii –
C. phillipsonianum –
C. physocarpum –
C. pichi-sermollianum –
C. pietrangelii –
C. polyanthum –
C. praecox –
C. prevostii –
C. puberulum –
C. pulchellum –
C. purpureiflorum –
C. purpureum –
C. pusilum –
C. pycnoneuroides –
C. racemosum –
C. radians –
C. radiatum –
C. rauhianum –
C. rensonii –
C. repandum –
C. resiliens –
C. revoilii –
C. riometense –
C. rioparanense –
C. rossii –
C. rostellatum –
C. roulinioides –
C. rubricoronae –
C. rungweense –
C. sahyadricum –
C. sarcomedium –
C. schistoglossum –
C. scopulosum –
C. sessiliflorum –
C. sigridiae –
C. sinoracemosum –
C. socotranum –
C. somaliense –
C. staubii –
C. stenospira –
C. stoloniferum –
C. subpaniculatum –
C. subtilis –
C. suluense –
C. sumbawanum –
C. surrubriflorum –
C. szechuanense –
C. tarmense –
C. thruppii –
C. toliari –
C. trollii –
C. tsaratananense –
C. tuberculatum –
C. tunicatum –
C. umtalense –
C. unguiculatum –
C. vanlessenii –
C. verrucosum –
C. viminale –
C. violator –
C. virens –
C. wallichii –
C. warburgii –
C. wilfordii –
C. wrightianum –
C. zeyheri
Name
Cynanchum L., Sp. Pl. 1: 212 (1753)
- Type species: Cynanchum acutum L., Sp. Pl. 1: 212 (1753)
Synonyms
- Heterotypic
- Psanchum Neck., Elem. Bot. 1: 254 (1790), opus utiq. oppr.
- Ziervoglia Neck., Elem. Bot. 1: 254 (1790), opus utiq. oppr.
- Holostemma R.Br., Mem. Wern. Nat. Hist. Soc. 1: 42 (1809)
- Metaplexis R.Br., Asclepiadeae: 37 (1810)
- Sarcostemma R.Br., Asclepiadeae: 39 (1810)
- Petalostemma R.Br. in H.Salt, Voy. Abyss., App.: xIiv (1814), nom. nud.
- Raphistemma Wall., Pl. Asiat. Rar. 2: 50 (1831)
- Urostelma Bunge, Enum. Pl. China Bor.: 44 (1833)
- Bunburia Harv., Gen. S. Afr. Pl.: 416 (1838)
- Cyathella Decne., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 9: 332 (1838), non Brot. (1804), fungal name.
- Cynoctonum E.Mey., Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr.: 215 (1838), nom. illeg.
- Glossonema Decne., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 9: 335 (1838)
- Odontanthera Wight in Madras J. Lit. Sci. 7: 143. (1838)
- Typus: Odontanthera reniformis Wight in Madras J. Lit. Sci. 7: 143. (1838)
- Pentarrhinum E.Mey., Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr.: 199 (1838)
- Pycnoneurum Decne., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 9: 340 (1838)
- Steinheilia Decne. in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 9: 339. (1838)
- Typus: Steinheilia radians (Forssk.) Decne. in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 9: 339. (1838) (≡ Asclepias radians Forssk.)
- Exostegia Bojer ex Decne. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 8: 528 (1844)
- Roulinia Decne. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 8: 516 (1844), nom. illeg.
- Monostemma Turcz., Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 21(1): 255 (1848)
- Symphyoglossum Turcz., Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 21(1): 255 (1848)
- Mastostigma Stocks, Hooker's Icon. Pl. 9: t. 863 (1852)
- Schizocorona F.Muell., Hooker's J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 5: 107 (1853)
- Sarcocyphula Harv., Thes. Cap. 2: 58 (1863)
- Metalepis Griseb., Cat. Pl. Cub.: 179 (1866)
- Graphistemma (Chapm. ex Benth.) Champ. ex Benth. in G.Bentham & J.D.Hooker, Gen. Pl. 2: 760 (1876)
- Adelostemma Hook.f., Hooker's Icon. Pl. 15: 22 (1883)
- Telminostelma E.Fourn. in C.F.P.von Martius & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Bras. 6(4): 218 (1885)
- Vohemaria Buchenau, Abh. Naturwiss. Vereins Bremen 10: 372 (1889)
- Perianthostelma Baill., Hist. Pl. 10: 247 (1890)
- Prosopostelma Baill., Hist. Pl. 10: 247 (1890)
- Flanagania Schltr., Beibl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45: 10 (1894)
- Gilgia Pax, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 19: 80 (1894)
- Platykeleba N.E.Br., Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1895: 250 (1895)
- Sarmasikia Bubani, Fl. Pyren. 1: 550 (1897)
- Rouliniella Vail, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 29: 662 (1902)
- Decanemopsis Costantin & Gallaud, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. (Paris) 12: 418 (1906)
- Folotsia Costantin & Bois, Compt. Rend. Hebd. Séances Acad. Sci. 147: 258 (1908)
- Voharanga Costantin & Bois, Compt. Rend. Hebd. Séances Acad. Sci. 147: 259 (1908)
- Drepanostemma Jum. & H.Perrier, Rev. Gén. Bot. 23: 256 (1911)
- Mahafalia Jum. & H.Perrier, Rev. Gén. Bot. 23: 255 (1911)
- Aphanostelma Schltr. in A.A.H.Léveillé, Fl. Kouy-Tchéou: 39 (1914)
- Nematostemma Choux, Compt. Rend. Hebd. Séances Acad. Sci. 172: 1310 (1921)
- Dicarpophora Speg., Physis (Buenos Aires) 8: 269 (1926)
- Karimbolea Desc., Cactus (Paris) 68-69: 77 (1960)
- Seshagiria Ansari & Hemadri, Indian Forester 97: 126 (1971)
- Sichuania M.G.Gilbert & P.T.Li, Novon 5: 12 (1995)
References
- Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus I: 212. Reference page.
- Govaerts, R. et al. 2017. Cynanchum in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2017 July 4. Reference page.
- International Plant Names Index. 2017. Cynanchum. Published online. Accessed: Sept. 8 2017.
- Khanum, R., Surveswaran, S., Meve, U. & Liede-Schumann, S. 2016. Cynanchum (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae): A pantropical Asclepiadoid genus revisited. Taxon 65(3): 467–486. DOI: 10.12705/653.3 ResearchGate Reference page.
- Meve, U. & Liede-Schumann, S. 2012. Taxonomic dissolution of Sarcostemma (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae). Kew Bulletin 67(4): 751–758. DOI: 10.1007/s12225-012-9384-2 ResearchGate Reference page.
Vernacular names
suomi: Hukankierrot
中文: 白前屬
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