Taxonavigation

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Echinodermata
Subphyla: Eleutherozoa – Pelmatozoa – †Homalozoa or Asterozoa - Echinozoa - Crinozoa - †Blastozoa - †Homalozoa
Genus incertae sedis: †Ctenoimbricata

⧼List of Classes⧽

Extant classes (5): Asteroidea - Crinoidea - Echinoidea - Holothuroidea - Ophiuroidea
Extinct classes (17): Ctenocystoidea - Cincta - Soluta - Stylophora - Helicoplacoidea- Edrioasteroidea- Rhombifera- Paracrinoidea- Eocrinoidea- Diploporita- Blastoidea- Parablastoidea- Coronoidea- Cryptocrinoidea- Somasteroidea- Stenuroidea- Camptostromatoidea- Cyclocystoidea- Ophiocistioidea

References

• Amon, D.J., Ziegler, A.F., Kremenetskaia, A., Mah, C.L., Mooi, R., O'Hara, T., Pawson, D.L., Roux, M. & Smith, C.R. 2017. Megafauna of the UKSRL exploration contract area and eastern Clarion-Clipperton Zone in the Pacific Ocean: Echinodermata. Biodiversity Data Journal 5: e11794. DOI: 10.3897/BDJ.5.e11794. Reference page. 
• Clark, A. M. 1968: Starfishes and their relations, 2nd edition. Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), 120pp.

• Despalatović, M., Cvitković, I. & Žuljević, A. 2017. Checklist of the echinoderm fauna of the Adriatic Sea. Zootaxa 4353(1): 101–116. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4353.1.6. Reference page. 

• Glover, A.G., Wiklund, H., Rabone, M., Amon, D.J., Smith, C.R., O'Hara, T., Mah, C.L. & Dahlgren, T.G. 2016. Abyssal fauna of the UK-1 polymetallic nodule exploration claim, Clarion-Clipperton Zone, central Pacific Ocean: Echinodermata. Biodiversity Data Journal 4: e7251. DOI: 10.3897/BDJ.4.e7251 Reference page. 

• Vanegas-González, M.J. & Borrero-Pérez, G.H. 2020. First records and new information on the associations of echinoderms with other phyla in the rocky reefs of northern Chocó, Colombian Pacific. ZooKeys, 921: 1–22. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.921.32802 Reference page. 
• Kašćelan, S.; Mandić, S.; Radović, I.; Krpo-Ćetković, J. 2009: An annotated checklist of Echinodermata of Montenegro (the south Adriatic Sea). Zootaxa, 2275: 21–40. Abstract & excerpt
• Kroh, A.; Reich, M. (eds.) 2012: Echinoderm Research 2010: Proceedings of the Seventh European Conference on Echinoderms, Göttingen, Germany, 2–9 October 2010. Zoosymposia, 7
• Nichols, D. 1969: Echinoderms, 4th (revised) edition. Hutchinson University Library, 192pp, ISBN 0-09-065994-5.
• Pawson, D.L. 2007: Phylum Echinodermata. Pp. 749-764 In: Zhang, Z.-Q. & Shear, W.A. (eds) Linnaeus tercentenary: progress in invertebrate taxonomy. Zootaxa, 1668: 1–766. PDF

• Samuel, V.K.D., Krishnan, P., Sreeraj, C.R., Chamundeeswari, K., Parthiban, C., Sekar, V., Patro, S., Saravanan, R., Abhilash, K.R., Ramachandran, P. & Ramesh, K. 2017. An updated checklist of Echinoderms from Indian waters. Zootaxa 4354(1): 1–68. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4354.1.1. Reference page. 
• Smith, A.B. 2005: The pre-radial history of echinoderms. Geological journal 40: 255–280. DOI: 10.1002/gj.1018

• Ziegler, A. et al. 2014: Historical aspects of meetings, publication series, and digital resources dedicated to echinoderms. Zoosystematics and evolution 90(1): 45-56. DOI: 10.3897/zse.90.7201 Reference page. 

Links

• Catalogue of Life: 2012 Annual Checklist
• WoRMS (2010). Echinodermata. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species on 2010-10-16
• https://web.archive.org/web/20070223105805/http://www.geo.arizona.edu/geo3xx/geo308_fall2002/backup/cha13.html
• https://www.bilibili.com/read/cv17622994?spm_id_from=333.999.0.0

Vernacular names

For more multimedia, look at Echinodermata on Wikimedia Commons.