Borgert (1890)

Borgert, A.H.C., 1890. Über den Bau von Distephanus (Dictyocha) speculum Ehrbg. sp. Zool. Anz., v. 13, p. 227-231, .

Silicoflagellata

• Distephanus

Preisig / Moestrup (1995)

Preisig, H. R. (1995). A modern concept of chrysophyte classification. In Chrysophyte Algae, ed. C. D. Sandgren, J. R. Smol, and J. Kristiansen, pp. 49–50,

Moestrup, Ø. (1995) Current status of chrysophyte 'splinter groups': synurophytes, pedinellids, silicoflagellates. In Chrysophyte Algae, ed. C. D. Sandgren, J. R. Smol, and J. Kristiansen, pp. 75-91.

"Chrysophyceae and 'splinter groups'"

• Class Chrysophyceae (Pascher, 1914, nom. descrip.; Hibberd, 1976, nom. typificatum)
• Class Dictyochophyceae Silva, 1980 ["silicoflagellates"]

• Order Pedinellales Zimmermann et al., 1984
• Order Rhizochromulinales O'Kelly & Wujek, 1994
• Order Dictyochales Haeckel, 1894 ("Dictyocheae")

• Class Synurophyceae Andersen, 1987 (Cavalier-Smith, 1986: "Synurea")

Moestrup & O'Kelly, in Lee et al. (2000)

Moestrup, Ø. & O'Kelly, C.J., 2000. Class Silicoflagellata Lemmermann, 1901. In: Lee, J.J., Leedale, G.F. & Bradbury, P. An Illustrated Guide to the Protozoa. Society of Protozoologists/Allen Press: Lawrence, Kansas, U.S.A, 2nd ed., vol. 2, p. 775-782, . See Brands, S.J. (1989-2015), .

In “protozoa”, “stramenopiles”

• Class Dictyochophyceae Silva, 1982 (= Silicoflagellata Lemmermann, 1901)
  • Order Dictyochales Haeckel, 1894
    • Family Dictyochaceae Lemmermann, 1901 (= Dictyochidae Borgert, 1891)
      • Genus Dictyocha Ehrenberg, 1837
  • Order Pedinellales Zimmermann, Moestrup & Hällfors, 1984
    • Family Pedinellaceae Pascher, 1910 (= Actinomonadidae Kent, 1880)
      • Genus Pedinella Vysotskii, 1888
      • Genus Pseudopedinella Carter, 1937
      • Genus Apedinella Throndsen, 1971
      • Genus Actinomonas Kent, 1880
      • Genus Pteridomonas Penard, 1890
      • Genus Ciliophrys Cienkowski, 1875
  • Order Rhizochromulinales O'Kelly & Wujek, 1994 (= Rhizochromulinida)
    • Genus Rhizochromulina Hibberd & Chrétiennot-Dinet, 1979

Mikrjukov & Patterson (2001)

Mikrjukov, K. A., & Patterson, D. J. (2001). Taxonomy and phylogeny of Heliozoa. III. Actinophryids. Acta Protozoologica, 40(1), 3-26,

Classification 1

• Superclass Dictyochia Haeckel, 1894
  • Class Pelagophyceae Andersen and Sanders, 1993
  • Class Actinochrysophyceae Cavalier-Smith, 1995
    • Subclass Silicophycidae Rothmaler, 1951
    • Subclass Abaxodinae subcl. n.
      • Superorder Rhizochromulinea O’Kelly and Wujek, 1995
      • Superorder Actinodinea superord. n.
        • Order Pedinellales Zimmermann et al., 1984
        • Order Ciliophryida Febvre-Chevalier, 1985
        • Order Actinophryida Hartmann, 1913

Classification 2

• [In stramenopiles: Superclass Dictyochia Haeckel, 1894]
  • pelagophytes [Class Pelagophyceae Andersen and Sanders, 1993]
  • Axodines [Class Actinochrysophyceae Cavalier-Smith, 1995]
    • Silicoflagellates [Subclass Silicophycidae Rothmaler, 1951]
    • Abodines [Subclass Abaxodinae subcl. n.]
      • Rhizochromulinids [Superorder Rhizochromulinea O’Kelly and Wujek, 1995]
      • Actinodines [Superorder Actinodinea superord. n.]/[Order Pedinellales Zimmermann et al., 1984]
        • Pseudopedinella sm
        • Mesopedinella sm
        • Apedinella sm
        • Parapedinella sm
        • Unnamed taxon
          • Pedinella sm
          • Actinomonads
            • Pteridomonas
            • Actinomonas
            • Heliomonads
              • Ciliophrys [Order Ciliophryida Febvre-Chevalier, 1985]
              • Actinophryids [Order Actinophryida Hartmann, 1913]
                • Actinophrys
                  • Actinophrys sol
                  • Actinophrys tauryanini
                  • Actinophrys salsuginosa
                  • Actinosphaerium
                    • Actinosphaerium eichhornii
                    • Actinosphaerium nucleofilum