étreindre
See also: êtreindre
French
Etymology
From Old French estreindre, from Latin stringere, present active infinitive of stringō (“tighten”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *strenk-.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /e.tʁɛ̃dʁ/
Conjugation
This verb is conjugated like peindre. It uses the same endings as rendre or vendre, but its -nd- becomes -gn- before a vowel, and its past participle ends in ‘t’ instead of a vowel.
Conjugation of étreindre (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| present participle | étreignant /e.tʁɛ.ɲɑ̃/ | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| past participle | étreint /e.tʁɛ̃/ | ||||||
| infinitive | |||||||
| simple | étreindre | ||||||
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| gerund1 | |||||||
| simple | étreignant /e.tʁɛ.ɲɑ̃/ | ||||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | étreins /e.tʁɛ̃/ |
étreins /e.tʁɛ̃/ |
étreint /e.tʁɛ̃/ |
étreignons /e.tʁɛ.ɲɔ̃/ |
étreignez /e.tʁɛ.ɲe/ |
étreignent /e.tʁɛɲ/ |
| imperfect | étreignais /e.tʁɛ.ɲɛ/ |
étreignais /e.tʁɛ.ɲɛ/ |
étreignait /e.tʁɛ.ɲɛ/ |
étreignions /e.tʁɛ.ɲjɔ̃/ |
étreigniez /e.tʁɛ.ɲje/ |
étreignaient /e.tʁɛ.ɲɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | étreignis /e.tʁɛ.ɲi/ |
étreignis /e.tʁɛ.ɲi/ |
étreignit /e.tʁɛ.ɲi/ |
étreignîmes /e.tʁɛ.ɲim/ |
étreignîtes /e.tʁɛ.ɲit/ |
étreignirent /e.tʁɛ.ɲiʁ/ | |
| future | étreindrai /e.tʁɛ̃.dʁe/ |
étreindras /e.tʁɛ̃.dʁa/ |
étreindra /e.tʁɛ̃.dʁa/ |
étreindrons /e.tʁɛ̃.dʁɔ̃/ |
étreindrez /e.tʁɛ̃.dʁe/ |
étreindront /e.tʁɛ̃.dʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | étreindrais /e.tʁɛ̃.dʁɛ/ |
étreindrais /e.tʁɛ̃.dʁɛ/ |
étreindrait /e.tʁɛ̃.dʁɛ/ |
étreindrions /e.tʁɛ̃.dʁi.jɔ̃/ |
étreindriez /e.tʁɛ̃.dʁi.je/ |
étreindraient /e.tʁɛ̃.dʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | étreigne /e.tʁɛɲ/ |
étreignes /e.tʁɛɲ/ |
étreigne /e.tʁɛɲ/ |
étreignions /e.tʁɛ.ɲjɔ̃/ |
étreigniez /e.tʁɛ.ɲje/ |
étreignent /e.tʁɛɲ/ |
| imperfect2 | étreignisse /e.tʁɛ.ɲis/ |
étreignisses /e.tʁɛ.ɲis/ |
étreignît /e.tʁɛ.ɲi/ |
étreignissions /e.tʁɛ.ɲi.sjɔ̃/ |
étreignissiez /e.tʁɛ.ɲi.sje/ |
étreignissent /e.tʁɛ.ɲis/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | étreins /e.tʁɛ̃/ |
— | étreignons /e.tʁɛ.ɲɔ̃/ |
étreignez /e.tʁɛ.ɲe/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 Only usable with preposition en. | |||||||
| 2 In less formal writing or speech, the past historic, past anterior, imperfect subjunctive and pluperfect subjunctive tenses may be found to have been replaced with the indicative present perfect, indicative pluperfect, present subjunctive and past subjunctive tenses respectively (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Related terms
Further reading
- “étreindre” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Anagrams
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