θάλπω
Ancient Greek
Etymology
Related to θαλυκρός (thalukrós, “warm, glowing”) (Hesychius: θαλύπτεσθαι φλέγεσθαι; θαλύψαι θάλψαι, πυρῶσαι; θαλυσσόμενος φλεγόμενος), from Proto-Hellenic *tʰal-ukʷ-, likely of Pre-Greek origin. The connection with θάλλω (thállō, “make green”) is unlikely. (Kuiper, Lingua 21, (1968), 270-275; Frisk, Griechisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, 1650f.).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /tʰál.pɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈtʰal.po/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈθal.po/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈθal.po/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈθal.po/
Inflection
Present: θᾰ́λπω, θᾰ́λπομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | θᾰ́λπω | θᾰ́λπεις | θᾰ́λπει | θᾰ́λπετον | θᾰ́λπετον | θᾰ́λπομεν | θᾰ́λπετε | θᾰ́λπουσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | θᾰ́λπω | θᾰ́λπῃς | θᾰ́λπῃ | θᾰ́λπητον | θᾰ́λπητον | θᾰ́λπωμεν | θᾰ́λπητε | θᾰ́λπωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | θᾰ́λποιμῐ | θᾰ́λποις | θᾰ́λποι | θᾰ́λποιτον | θᾰλποίτην | θᾰ́λποιμεν | θᾰ́λποιτε | θᾰ́λποιεν | |||||
imperative | θᾰ́λπε | θᾰλπέτω | θᾰ́λπετον | θᾰλπέτων | θᾰ́λπετε | θᾰλπόντων | |||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | θᾰ́λπομαι | θᾰ́λπῃ, θᾰ́λπει |
θᾰ́λπεται | θᾰ́λπεσθον | θᾰ́λπεσθον | θᾰλπόμεθᾰ | θᾰ́λπεσθε | θᾰ́λπονται | ||||
subjunctive | θᾰ́λπωμαι | θᾰ́λπῃ | θᾰ́λπηται | θᾰ́λπησθον | θᾰ́λπησθον | θᾰλπώμεθᾰ | θᾰ́λπησθε | θᾰ́λπωνται | |||||
optative | θᾰλποίμην | θᾰ́λποιο | θᾰ́λποιτο | θᾰ́λποισθον | θᾰλποίσθην | θᾰλποίμεθᾰ | θᾰ́λποισθε | θᾰ́λποιντο | |||||
imperative | θᾰ́λπου | θᾰλπέσθω | θᾰ́λπεσθον | θᾰλπέσθων | θᾰ́λπεσθε | θᾰλπέσθων | |||||||
active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
infinitive | θᾰ́λπειν | θᾰ́λπεσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | θᾰ́λπων | θᾰλπόμενος | ||||||||||
f | θᾰ́λπουσᾰ | θᾰλπομένη | |||||||||||
n | θᾰ́λπον | θᾰλπόμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Imperfect: ἔθᾰλπον, ἐθᾰλπόμην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἔθᾰλπον | ἔθᾰλπες | ἔθᾰλπε(ν) | ἐθᾰ́λπετον | ἐθᾰλπέτην | ἐθᾰ́λπομεν | ἐθᾰ́λπετε | ἔθᾰλπον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐθᾰλπόμην | ἐθᾰ́λπου | ἐθᾰ́λπετο | ἐθᾰ́λπεσθον | ἐθᾰλπέσθην | ἐθᾰλπόμεθᾰ | ἐθᾰ́λπεσθε | ἐθᾰ́λποντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Future: θᾰ́λψω, θᾰ́λψομαι, θᾰλφθήσομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | θᾰ́λψω | θᾰ́λψεις | θᾰ́λψει | θᾰ́λψετον | θᾰ́λψετον | θᾰ́λψομεν | θᾰ́λψετε | θᾰ́λψουσῐ(ν) | ||||
optative | θᾰ́λψοιμῐ | θᾰ́λψοις | θᾰ́λψοι | θᾰ́λψοιτον | θᾰλψοίτην | θᾰ́λψοιμεν | θᾰ́λψοιτε | θᾰ́λψοιεν | |||||
middle | indicative | θᾰ́λψομαι | θᾰ́λψῃ, θᾰ́λψει |
θᾰ́λψεται | θᾰ́λψεσθον | θᾰ́λψεσθον | θᾰλψόμεθᾰ | θᾰ́λψεσθε | θᾰ́λψονται | ||||
optative | θᾰλψοίμην | θᾰ́λψοιο | θᾰ́λψοιτο | θᾰ́λψοισθον | θᾰλψοίσθην | θᾰλψοίμεθᾰ | θᾰ́λψοισθε | θᾰ́λψοιντο | |||||
passive | indicative | θᾰλφθήσομαι | θᾰλφθήσῃ | θᾰλφθήσεται | θᾰλφθήσεσθον | θᾰλφθήσεσθον | θᾰλφθησόμεθᾰ | θᾰλφθήσεσθε | θᾰλφθήσονται | ||||
optative | θᾰλφθησοίμην | θᾰλφθήσοιο | θᾰλφθήσοιτο | θᾰλφθήσοισθον | θᾰλφθησοίσθην | θᾰλφθησοίμεθᾰ | θᾰλφθήσοισθε | θᾰλφθήσοιντο | |||||
active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
infinitive | θᾰ́λψειν | θᾰ́λψεσθαι | θᾰλφθήσεσθαι | ||||||||||
participle | m | θᾰ́λψων | θᾰλψόμενος | θᾰλφθησόμενος | |||||||||
f | θᾰ́λψουσᾰ | θᾰλψομένη | θᾰλφθησομένη | ||||||||||
n | θᾰ́λψον | θᾰλψόμενον | θᾰλφθησόμενον | ||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Aorist: ἔθᾰλψᾰ, ἐθᾰλψᾰ́μην, ἐθᾰ́λφθην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἔθᾰλψᾰ | ἔθᾰλψᾰς | ἔθᾰλψε(ν) | ἐθᾰ́λψᾰτον | ἐθᾰλψᾰ́την | ἐθᾰ́λψᾰμεν | ἐθᾰ́λψᾰτε | ἔθᾰλψᾰν | ||||
subjunctive | θᾰ́λψω | θᾰ́λψῃς | θᾰ́λψῃ | θᾰ́λψητον | θᾰ́λψητον | θᾰ́λψωμεν | θᾰ́λψητε | θᾰ́λψωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | θᾰ́λψαιμῐ | θᾰ́λψειᾰς, θᾰ́λψαις |
θᾰ́λψειε(ν), θᾰ́λψαι |
θᾰ́λψαιτον | θᾰλψαίτην | θᾰ́λψαιμεν | θᾰ́λψαιτε | θᾰ́λψειᾰν, θᾰ́λψαιεν | |||||
imperative | θᾰ́λψον | θᾰλψᾰ́τω | θᾰ́λψᾰτον | θᾰλψᾰ́των | θᾰ́λψᾰτε | θᾰλψᾰ́ντων | |||||||
middle | indicative | ἐθᾰλψᾰ́μην | ἐθᾰ́λψω | ἐθᾰ́λψᾰτο | ἐθᾰ́λψᾰσθον | ἐθᾰλψᾰ́σθην | ἐθᾰλψᾰ́μεθᾰ | ἐθᾰ́λψᾰσθε | ἐθᾰ́λψᾰντο | ||||
subjunctive | θᾰ́λψωμαι | θᾰ́λψῃ | θᾰ́λψηται | θᾰ́λψησθον | θᾰ́λψησθον | θᾰλψώμεθᾰ | θᾰ́λψησθε | θᾰ́λψωνται | |||||
optative | θᾰλψαίμην | θᾰ́λψαιο | θᾰ́λψαιτο | θᾰ́λψαισθον | θᾰλψαίσθην | θᾰλψαίμεθᾰ | θᾰ́λψαισθε | θᾰ́λψαιντο | |||||
imperative | θᾰ́λψαι | θᾰλψᾰ́σθω | θᾰ́λψᾰσθον | θᾰλψᾰ́σθων | θᾰ́λψᾰσθε | θᾰλψᾰ́σθων | |||||||
passive | indicative | ἐθᾰ́λφθην | ἐθᾰ́λφθης | ἐθᾰ́λφθη | ἐθᾰ́λφθητον | ἐθᾰλφθήτην | ἐθᾰ́λφθημεν | ἐθᾰ́λφθητε | ἐθᾰ́λφθησᾰν | ||||
subjunctive | θᾰλφθῶ | θᾰλφθῇς | θᾰλφθῇ | θᾰλφθῆτον | θᾰλφθῆτον | θᾰλφθῶμεν | θᾰλφθῆτε | θᾰλφθῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | θᾰλφθείην | θᾰλφθείης | θᾰλφθείη | θᾰλφθεῖτον, θᾰλφθείητον |
θᾰλφθείτην, θᾰλφθειήτην |
θᾰλφθεῖμεν, θᾰλφθείημεν |
θᾰλφθεῖτε, θᾰλφθείητε |
θᾰλφθεῖεν, θᾰλφθείησᾰν | |||||
imperative | θᾰ́λφθητῐ | θᾰλφθήτω | θᾰ́λφθητον | θᾰλφθήτων | θᾰ́λφθητε | θᾰλφθέντων | |||||||
active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
infinitive | θᾰ́λψαι | θᾰ́λψᾰσθαι | θᾰλφθῆναι | ||||||||||
participle | m | θᾰ́λψᾱς | θᾰλψᾰ́μενος | θᾰλφθείς | |||||||||
f | θᾰ́λψᾱσᾰ | θᾰλψᾰμένη | θᾰλφθεῖσᾰ | ||||||||||
n | θᾰ́λψᾰν | θᾰλψᾰ́μενον | θᾰλφθέν | ||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Perfect: τέθαλμμαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | τέθαλμμαι | τέθαλψαι | τέθαλπται | τέθαλφθον | τέθαλφθον | τεθάλμμεθᾰ | τέθαλφθε | τεθάλπᾰται | ||||
subjunctive | τεθαλμμένος ὦ | τεθαλμμένος ᾖς | τεθαλμμένος ᾖ | τεθαλμμένω ἦτον | τεθαλμμένω ἦτον | τεθαλμμένοι ὦμεν | τεθαλμμένοι ἦτε | τεθαλμμένοι ὦσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | τεθαλμμένος εἴην | τεθαλμμένος εἴης | τεθαλμμένος εἴη | τεθαλμμένοι εἴητον/εἶτον | τεθαλμμένω εἰήτην/εἴτην | τεθαλμμένοι εἴημεν/εἶμεν | τεθαλμμένοι εἴητε/εἶτε | τεθαλμμένοι εἴησᾰν/εἶεν | |||||
imperative | τέθαλψο | τεθάλφθω | τέθαλφθον | τεθάλφθων | τέθαλφθε | τεθάλφθων | |||||||
middle/passive | |||||||||||||
infinitive | τεθᾶλφθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | τεθαλμμένος | |||||||||||
f | τεθαλμμένη | ||||||||||||
n | τεθαλμμένον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Pluperfect: ἐτεθάλμμην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐτεθάλμμην | ἐτέθαλψο | ἐτέθαλπτο | ἐτέθαλφθον | ἐτεθάλφθην | ἐτεθάλμμεθᾰ | ἐτέθαλφθε | ἐτεθάλπᾰτο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Derived terms
- ἀθαλπής (athalpḗs)
- ἀμφιθάλπω (amphithálpō)
- ἀναθάλπω (anathálpō)
- ἀντιθάλπω (antithálpō)
- διαθάλπω (diathálpō)
- δυσθαλπής (dusthalpḗs)
- ἐκθάλπω (ekthálpō)
- ἐνθάλπω (enthálpō)
- ἐπιθάλπω (epithálpō)
- εὐθαλπής (euthalpḗs)
- γεοθαλπής (geothalpḗs)
- ζωθαλπής (zōthalpḗs)
- ἡλιοθαλπής (hēliothalpḗs)
- θαλπιάω (thalpiáō)
- θαλπνός (thalpnós)
- θάλπος (thálpos)
- θαλπτέον (thalptéon)
- θαλπτήριον (thalptḗrion)
- θαλπτήριος (thalptḗrios)
- θαλπωρή (thalpōrḗ)
- θάλψις (thálpsis)
- καταθάλπω (katathálpō)
- κακοθαλπής (kakothalpḗs)
- παραθάλπω (parathálpō)
- περιθάλπω (perithálpō)
- πολυθαλπής (poluthalpḗs)
- προσθάλπω (prosthálpō)
- πυριθαλπής (purithalpḗs)
- συνθάλπω (sunthálpō)
- ὑποθάλπω (hupothálpō)
- χλιεροθαλπής (khlierothalpḗs)
References
- θάλπω in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- θάλπω in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- θάλπω in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- θάλπω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- θάλπω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- θάλπω in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G2282 in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible, 1979
Greek
Etymology
From Ancient Greek θάλπω (“heat; comfort”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈθal.po/
- Hyphenation: θάλ‧πω
Conjugation
θάλπω (active forms only)
Active voice ➤ | ||||
Indicative mood ➤ | Imperfective aspect ➤ | Perfective aspect ➤ | ||
Non-past tenses ➤ | Present ➤ | Dependent ➤ | ||
1 sg | θάλπω | θάλψω | ||
2 sg | θάλπεις | θάλψεις | ||
3 sg | θάλπει | θάλψει | ||
1 pl | θάλπουμε, [‑ομε] | θάλψουμε, [‑ομε] | ||
2 pl | θάλπετε | θάλψετε | ||
3 pl | θάλπουν(ε) | θάλψουν(ε) | ||
Past tenses ➤ | Imperfect ➤ | Simple past ➤ | ||
1 sg | έθαλπα | έθαλψα | ||
2 sg | έθαλπες | έθαλψες | ||
3 sg | έθαλπε | έθαλψε | ||
1 pl | θάλπαμε | θάλψαμε | ||
2 pl | θάλπατε | θάλψατε | ||
3 pl | έθαλπα, [θάλπαν(ε)] | έθαλψαν, [θάλψαν(ε)] | ||
Future tenses ➤ | Continuous ➤ | Simple ➤ | ||
1 sg | θα θάλπω ➤ | θα θάλψω ➤ | ||
2,3 sg, 1,2,3 pl | θα θάλπεις, … | θα θάλψεις, … | ||
Perfect aspect ➤ | ||||
Present perfect ➤ | έχω, έχεις, … θάλψει | |||
Past perfect ➤ | είχα, είχες, … θάλψει | |||
Future perfect ➤ | θα έχω, θα έχεις, … θάλψει | |||
Subjunctive mood ➤ | Formed using present, dependent (for simple past) or present perfect from above with a particle (να, ας). | |||
Imperative mood ➤ | Imperfective aspect | Perfective aspect | ||
2 sg | θάλπε | θάλψε | ||
2 pl | θάλπετε | θάλψτε | ||
Other forms | ||||
Active present participle ➤ | θάλποντας ➤ | |||
Active perfect participle ➤ | έχοντας θάλψει ➤ | |||
Passive perfect particple ➤ | — | |||
Nonfinite form ➤ | θάλψει | |||
Notes Appendix:Greek verbs |
• (…) optional or informal. […] rare. {…} learned, archaic. • Multiple forms are shown in order of reducing frequency. • Periphrastic imperative forms may be produced using the subjunctive. | |||
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