ظل

See also: طل‎

Arabic

Etymology 1

From Proto-Semitic *θ̣ill-. Cognate with Akkadian 𒄑𒈪 (ṣillu, GISSU, “shadow”), Aramaic טוּלָּא/טִלָּא‎ (ṭullā/ṭillā), טִלָּלָא‎ (ṭillālā), Classical Syriac ܛܸܠܵܠܵܐ‎ (ṭellālā), Ugaritic 𐎑𐎍 (ẓl), Hebrew צל‎ (tzel, ṣēl), Ge'ez ጽላሎት (ṣəlalot).

Noun

ظِلّ • (ẓill) m (plural ظِلَال‎ (ẓilāl) or ظُلُول‎ (ẓulūl) or أَظْلَال‎ (ʾaẓlāl))

shadow, shade
shady garden
paradise
protection, help, assistance
dark cloud
darkness
night
phantom, specter
cover, lid, scabbard
shape, figure, person
the Sultan (as shadow of God on Earth)
greatness, sublimity, distinction, eminence, rareness
power, night
colors of the day, shades of color, bloom of youth
heat of summer
fringe, hairy side of a cloth
(geometry) tangent
hue
trace

Declension

Declension of noun ظِلّ (ẓill)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	ظِلّ ẓill	الظِّلّ‎ aẓ-ẓill	ظِلّ ẓill
Nominative	ظِلٌّ ẓillun	الظِّلُّ‎ aẓ-ẓillu	ظِلُّ ẓillu
Accusative	ظِلًّا‎ ẓillan	الظِّلَّ‎ aẓ-ẓilla	ظِلَّ ẓilla
Genitive	ظِلٍّ ẓillin	الظِّلِّ‎ aẓ-ẓilli	ظِلِّ ẓilli
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	ظِلَّيْن‎ ẓillayn	الظِّلَّيْن‎ aẓ-ẓillayn	ظِلَّيْ‎ ẓillay
Nominative	ظِلَّانِ‎ ẓillāni	الظِّلَّانِ‎ aẓ-ẓillāni	ظِلَّا‎ ẓillā
Accusative	ظِلَّيْنِ‎ ẓillayni	الظِّلَّيْنِ‎ aẓ-ẓillayni	ظِلَّيْ‎ ẓillay
Genitive	ظِلَّيْنِ‎ ẓillayni	الظِّلَّيْنِ‎ aẓ-ẓillayni	ظِلَّيْ‎ ẓillay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
Plural	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	ظِلَال‎‎; ظُلُول‎‎; أَظْلَال‎ ẓilāl‎; ẓulūl‎; ʾaẓlāl	الظِّلَال‎‎; الظُّلُول‎‎; الْأَظْلَال‎ aẓ-ẓilāl‎; aẓ-ẓulūl‎; al-ʾaẓlāl	ظِلَال‎‎; ظُلُول‎‎; أَظْلَال‎ ẓilāl‎; ẓulūl‎; ʾaẓlāl
Nominative	ظِلَالٌ‎‎; ظُلُولٌ‎‎; أَظْلَالٌ‎ ẓilālun‎; ẓulūlun‎; ʾaẓlālun	الظِّلَالُ‎‎; الظُّلُولُ‎‎; الْأَظْلَالُ‎ aẓ-ẓilālu‎; aẓ-ẓulūlu‎; al-ʾaẓlālu	ظِلَالُ‎‎; ظُلُولُ‎‎; أَظْلَالُ‎ ẓilālu‎; ẓulūlu‎; ʾaẓlālu
Accusative	ظِلَالًا‎‎; ظُلُولًا‎‎; أَظْلَالًا‎ ẓilālan‎; ẓulūlan‎; ʾaẓlālan	الظِّلَالَ‎‎; الظُّلُولَ‎‎; الْأَظْلَالَ‎ aẓ-ẓilāla‎; aẓ-ẓulūla‎; al-ʾaẓlāla	ظِلَالَ‎‎; ظُلُولَ‎‎; أَظْلَالَ‎ ẓilāla‎; ẓulūla‎; ʾaẓlāla
Genitive	ظِلَالٍ‎‎; ظُلُولٍ‎‎; أَظْلَالٍ‎ ẓilālin‎; ẓulūlin‎; ʾaẓlālin	الظِّلَالِ‎‎; الظُّلُولِ‎‎; الْأَظْلَالِ‎ aẓ-ẓilāli‎; aẓ-ẓulūli‎; al-ʾaẓlāli	ظِلَالِ‎‎; ظُلُولِ‎‎; أَظْلَالِ‎ ẓilāli‎; ẓulūli‎; ʾaẓlāli

References

Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884), “ظل”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary, London: W.H. Allen
Wehr, Hans (1979), “ظل”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Verb

ظَلَّ • (ẓalla) I, non-past يَظَلُّ‎‎ (yaẓallu)

(copulative) to remain, to persist, to maintain
‏ظَلَّ صَامِتًا‎
ẓalla ṣāmitan
he remained silent

‏ظَلَّ عَلَى مَوْقِفِهِ‎
ẓalla ʿalā mawqifihi
he maintained his point of view [= stayed in the place he was standing]
to keep doing, to do constantly, to persist in, to remain [+participle or imperfect = doing]
‏يَظَلُّ يَتْبَعُهَا‎
yaẓallu yatbaʿuhā
he keeps following her

‏ظَلُّ جَالِسِينَ‎
ẓallu jālisīna
they remained sitting

Conjugation

Conjugation of

ظَلَّ

(form-I geminate, verbal nouns ظَلّ or ظُلُول)

active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
verbal nouns الْمَصَادِر					ظَلّ or ظُلُول‎ ẓall or ẓulūl
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					ظَالّ‎ ẓāll
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مَظْلُول‎ maẓlūl
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	ظَلِلْتُ‎ ẓaliltu	ظَلِلْتَ‎ ẓalilta	ظَلَّ ẓalla	ظَلِلْتُمَا‎ ẓaliltumā	ظَلَّا‎ ẓallā	ظَلِلْنَا‎ ẓalilnā	ظَلِلْتُمْ‎ ẓaliltum	ظَلُّوا‎ ẓallū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	ظَلِلْتُ‎ ẓaliltu	ظَلِلْتِ‎ ẓalilti	ظَلَّتْ‎ ẓallat	ظَلِلْتُمَا‎ ẓaliltumā	ظَلَّتَا‎ ẓallatā	ظَلِلْنَا‎ ẓalilnā	ظَلِلْتُنَّ‎ ẓaliltunna	ظَلِلْنَ‎ ẓalilna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع	m	أَظَلُّ‎ ʾaẓallu	تَظَلُّ‎ taẓallu	يَظَلُّ‎ yaẓallu	تَظَلَّانِ‎ taẓallāni	يَظَلَّانِ‎ yaẓallāni	نَظَلُّ‎ naẓallu	تَظَلُّونَ‎ taẓallūna	يَظَلُّونَ‎ yaẓallūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع	f	أَظَلُّ‎ ʾaẓallu	تَظَلِّينَ‎ taẓallīna	تَظَلُّ‎ taẓallu	تَظَلَّانِ‎ taẓallāni	تَظَلَّانِ‎ taẓallāni	نَظَلُّ‎ naẓallu	تَظْلَلْنَ‎ taẓlalna	يَظْلَلْنَ‎ yaẓlalna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَظَلَّ‎ ʾaẓalla	تَظَلَّ‎ taẓalla	يَظَلَّ‎ yaẓalla	تَظَلَّا‎ taẓallā	يَظَلَّا‎ yaẓallā	نَظَلَّ‎ naẓalla	تَظَلُّوا‎ taẓallū	يَظَلُّوا‎ yaẓallū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أَظَلَّ‎ ʾaẓalla	تَظَلِّي‎ taẓallī	تَظَلَّ‎ taẓalla	تَظَلَّا‎ taẓallā	تَظَلَّا‎ taẓallā	نَظَلَّ‎ naẓalla	تَظْلَلْنَ‎ taẓlalna	يَظْلَلْنَ‎ yaẓlalna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَظَلَّ‎ or أَظَلِّ‎ or أَظْلَلْ‎ ʾaẓalla or ʾaẓalli or ʾaẓlal	تَظَلَّ‎ or تَظَلِّ‎ or تَظْلَلْ‎ taẓalla or taẓalli or taẓlal	يَظَلَّ‎ or يَظَلِّ‎ or يَظْلَلْ‎ yaẓalla or yaẓalli or yaẓlal	تَظَلَّا‎ taẓallā	يَظَلَّا‎ yaẓallā	نَظَلَّ‎ or نَظَلِّ‎ or نَظْلَلْ‎ naẓalla or naẓalli or naẓlal	تَظَلُّوا‎ taẓallū	يَظَلُّوا‎ yaẓallū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f		تَظَلِّي‎ taẓallī	تَظَلَّ‎ or تَظَلِّ‎ or تَظْلَلْ‎ taẓalla or taẓalli or taẓlal	تَظَلَّا‎ taẓallā	تَظَلَّا‎ taẓallā		تَظْلَلْنَ‎ taẓlalna	يَظْلَلْنَ‎ yaẓlalna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		ظَلَّ or ظَلِّ or اِظْلَلْ‎ ẓalla or ẓalli or iẓlal		ظَلَّا‎ ẓallā			ظَلُّوا‎ ẓallū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		ظَلِّي‎ ẓallī		ظَلَّا‎ ẓallā			اِظْلَلْنَ‎ iẓlalna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	—	—	ظُلَّ ẓulla	—	—	—	—	—
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع	m	—	—	يُظَلُّ‎ yuẓallu	—	—	—	—	—
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع	f	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	—	—	يُظَلَّ‎ yuẓalla	—	—	—	—	—
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	—	—	يُظَلَّ‎ or يُظَلِّ‎ or يُظْلَلْ‎ yuẓalla or yuẓalli or yuẓlal	—	—	—	—	—
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—

Synonyms

مَا زَالَ‎ (mā zāla, “to not stop (doing)”)

Noun

ظَلّ • (ẓall) m

verbal noun of ظَلَّ (ẓalla) (form I)

Declension

Declension of noun ظَلّ (ẓall)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	ظَلّ ẓall	الظَّلّ‎ aẓ-ẓall	ظَلّ ẓall
Nominative	ظَلٌّ ẓallun	الظَّلُّ‎ aẓ-ẓallu	ظَلُّ ẓallu
Accusative	ظَلًّا‎ ẓallan	الظَّلَّ‎ aẓ-ẓalla	ظَلَّ ẓalla
Genitive	ظَلٍّ ẓallin	الظَّلِّ‎ aẓ-ẓalli	ظَلِّ ẓalli

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