نعل
See also: نغل
Arabic
Etymology 1
- From the root ن ع ل (n-ʿ-l).
- Compare for the “shoe” noun Classical Syriac ܢܥܠܐ (naʿlā), Hebrew נַעַל (náʿal)
- Perhaps related to Ge'ez ንዑልት (nəʿult), ኑዑልት (nuʿult, “widow married by levirate marriage”) because, according to Dillmann, the ceremony of the levirate marriage seems to involve the bridegroom throwing a shoe in the biblical passages where it is found – but this Ethiopic word is perhaps from Cushitic; Cushitic was unknown in Dillmann’s time, which forced Semitic explanations of Ethiopic.
- Likely related to Akkadian 𒈿 (nâlu, niālu, “to lie down”) and its derivations related to “spreading”
- In the view of this general “spreading” meaning in Akkadian, likely related to Ugaritic 𐎐𐎓𐎍 (nʿl) which is variously glossed: “palanquin”, “sandal”, “robe”
- ➜ Apparently the later Semitic languages have specialized a “spreading” meaning to a “shoeing” meaning
Pronunciation
Conjugation
Conjugation of
نَعَلَ
(form-I sound, verbal noun نَعْل)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
نَعْل naʿl | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
نَاعِل nāʿil | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مَنْعُول manʿūl | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | نَعَلْتُ naʿaltu |
نَعَلْتَ naʿalta |
نَعَلَ naʿala |
نَعَلْتُمَا naʿaltumā |
نَعَلَا naʿalā |
نَعَلْنَا naʿalnā |
نَعَلْتُمْ naʿaltum |
نَعَلُوا naʿalū | |||
f | نَعَلْتِ naʿalti |
نَعَلَتْ naʿalat |
نَعَلَتَا naʿalatā |
نَعَلْتُنَّ naʿaltunna |
naʿalna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع |
m | أَنْعَلُ ʾanʿalu |
تَنْعَلُ tanʿalu |
يَنْعَلُ yanʿalu |
تَنْعَلَانِ tanʿalāni |
يَنْعَلَانِ yanʿalāni |
نَنْعَلُ nanʿalu |
تَنْعَلُونَ tanʿalūna |
يَنْعَلُونَ yanʿalūna | |||
f | تَنْعَلِينَ tanʿalīna |
تَنْعَلُ tanʿalu |
تَنْعَلَانِ tanʿalāni |
تَنْعَلْنَ tanʿalna |
يَنْعَلْنَ yanʿalna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أَنْعَلَ ʾanʿala |
تَنْعَلَ tanʿala |
يَنْعَلَ yanʿala |
تَنْعَلَا tanʿalā |
يَنْعَلَا yanʿalā |
نَنْعَلَ nanʿala |
تَنْعَلُوا tanʿalū |
يَنْعَلُوا yanʿalū | |||
f | تَنْعَلِي tanʿalī |
تَنْعَلَ tanʿala |
تَنْعَلَا tanʿalā |
تَنْعَلْنَ tanʿalna |
يَنْعَلْنَ yanʿalna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أَنْعَلْ ʾanʿal |
تَنْعَلْ tanʿal |
يَنْعَلْ yanʿal |
تَنْعَلَا tanʿalā |
يَنْعَلَا yanʿalā |
نَنْعَلْ nanʿal |
تَنْعَلُوا tanʿalū |
يَنْعَلُوا yanʿalū | |||
f | تَنْعَلِي tanʿalī |
تَنْعَلْ tanʿal |
تَنْعَلَا tanʿalā |
تَنْعَلْنَ tanʿalna |
يَنْعَلْنَ yanʿalna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | اِنْعَلْ inʿal |
اِنْعَلَا inʿalā |
اِنْعَلُوا inʿalū |
||||||||
f | اِنْعَلِي inʿalī |
اِنْعَلْنَ inʿalna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | نُعِلْتُ nuʿiltu |
نُعِلْتَ nuʿilta |
نُعِلَ nuʿila |
نُعِلْتُمَا nuʿiltumā |
نُعِلَا nuʿilā |
نُعِلْنَا nuʿilnā |
نُعِلْتُمْ nuʿiltum |
نُعِلُوا nuʿilū | |||
f | نُعِلْتِ nuʿilti |
نُعِلَتْ nuʿilat |
نُعِلَتَا nuʿilatā |
نُعِلْتُنَّ nuʿiltunna |
nuʿilna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع |
m | أُنْعَلُ ʾunʿalu |
تُنْعَلُ tunʿalu |
يُنْعَلُ yunʿalu |
تُنْعَلَانِ tunʿalāni |
يُنْعَلَانِ yunʿalāni |
نُنْعَلُ nunʿalu |
تُنْعَلُونَ tunʿalūna |
يُنْعَلُونَ yunʿalūna | |||
f | تُنْعَلِينَ tunʿalīna |
تُنْعَلُ tunʿalu |
تُنْعَلَانِ tunʿalāni |
تُنْعَلْنَ tunʿalna |
يُنْعَلْنَ yunʿalna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُنْعَلَ ʾunʿala |
تُنْعَلَ tunʿala |
يُنْعَلَ yunʿala |
تُنْعَلَا tunʿalā |
يُنْعَلَا yunʿalā |
نُنْعَلَ nunʿala |
تُنْعَلُوا tunʿalū |
يُنْعَلُوا yunʿalū | |||
f | تُنْعَلِي tunʿalī |
تُنْعَلَ tunʿala |
تُنْعَلَا tunʿalā |
تُنْعَلْنَ tunʿalna |
يُنْعَلْنَ yunʿalna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُنْعَلْ ʾunʿal |
تُنْعَلْ tunʿal |
يُنْعَلْ yunʿal |
تُنْعَلَا tunʿalā |
يُنْعَلَا yunʿalā |
نُنْعَلْ nunʿal |
تُنْعَلُوا tunʿalū |
يُنْعَلُوا yunʿalū | |||
f | تُنْعَلِي tunʿalī |
تُنْعَلْ tunʿal |
تُنْعَلَا tunʿalā |
تُنْعَلْنَ tunʿalna |
يُنْعَلْنَ yunʿalna |
Conjugation
Conjugation of
نَعِلَ
(form-I sound, verbal noun نَعَل)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
نَعَل naʿal | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
نَاعِل nāʿil | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | نَعِلْتُ naʿiltu |
نَعِلْتَ naʿilta |
نَعِلَ naʿila |
نَعِلْتُمَا naʿiltumā |
نَعِلَا naʿilā |
نَعِلْنَا naʿilnā |
نَعِلْتُمْ naʿiltum |
نَعِلُوا naʿilū | |||
f | نَعِلْتِ naʿilti |
نَعِلَتْ naʿilat |
نَعِلَتَا naʿilatā |
نَعِلْتُنَّ naʿiltunna |
naʿilna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع |
m | أَنْعَلُ ʾanʿalu |
تَنْعَلُ tanʿalu |
يَنْعَلُ yanʿalu |
تَنْعَلَانِ tanʿalāni |
يَنْعَلَانِ yanʿalāni |
نَنْعَلُ nanʿalu |
تَنْعَلُونَ tanʿalūna |
يَنْعَلُونَ yanʿalūna | |||
f | تَنْعَلِينَ tanʿalīna |
تَنْعَلُ tanʿalu |
تَنْعَلَانِ tanʿalāni |
تَنْعَلْنَ tanʿalna |
يَنْعَلْنَ yanʿalna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أَنْعَلَ ʾanʿala |
تَنْعَلَ tanʿala |
يَنْعَلَ yanʿala |
تَنْعَلَا tanʿalā |
يَنْعَلَا yanʿalā |
نَنْعَلَ nanʿala |
تَنْعَلُوا tanʿalū |
يَنْعَلُوا yanʿalū | |||
f | تَنْعَلِي tanʿalī |
تَنْعَلَ tanʿala |
تَنْعَلَا tanʿalā |
تَنْعَلْنَ tanʿalna |
يَنْعَلْنَ yanʿalna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أَنْعَلْ ʾanʿal |
تَنْعَلْ tanʿal |
يَنْعَلْ yanʿal |
تَنْعَلَا tanʿalā |
يَنْعَلَا yanʿalā |
نَنْعَلْ nanʿal |
تَنْعَلُوا tanʿalū |
يَنْعَلُوا yanʿalū | |||
f | تَنْعَلِي tanʿalī |
تَنْعَلْ tanʿal |
تَنْعَلَا tanʿalā |
تَنْعَلْنَ tanʿalna |
يَنْعَلْنَ yanʿalna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | اِنْعَلْ inʿal |
اِنْعَلَا inʿalā |
اِنْعَلُوا inʿalū |
||||||||
f | اِنْعَلِي inʿalī |
اِنْعَلْنَ inʿalna |
Conjugation
Conjugation of
نَعَّلَ
(form-II sound)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
تَنْعِيل tanʿīl | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
مُنَعِّل munaʿʿil | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مُنَعَّل munaʿʿal | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | نَعَّلْتُ naʿʿaltu |
نَعَّلْتَ naʿʿalta |
نَعَّلَ naʿʿala |
نَعَّلْتُمَا naʿʿaltumā |
نَعَّلَا naʿʿalā |
نَعَّلْنَا naʿʿalnā |
نَعَّلْتُمْ naʿʿaltum |
نَعَّلُوا naʿʿalū | |||
f | نَعَّلْتِ naʿʿalti |
نَعَّلَتْ naʿʿalat |
نَعَّلَتَا naʿʿalatā |
نَعَّلْتُنَّ naʿʿaltunna |
naʿʿalna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع |
m | أُنَعِّلُ ʾunaʿʿilu |
تُنَعِّلُ tunaʿʿilu |
يُنَعِّلُ yunaʿʿilu |
تُنَعِّلَانِ tunaʿʿilāni |
يُنَعِّلَانِ yunaʿʿilāni |
نُنَعِّلُ nunaʿʿilu |
تُنَعِّلُونَ tunaʿʿilūna |
يُنَعِّلُونَ yunaʿʿilūna | |||
f | تُنَعِّلِينَ tunaʿʿilīna |
تُنَعِّلُ tunaʿʿilu |
تُنَعِّلَانِ tunaʿʿilāni |
تُنَعِّلْنَ tunaʿʿilna |
يُنَعِّلْنَ yunaʿʿilna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُنَعِّلَ ʾunaʿʿila |
تُنَعِّلَ tunaʿʿila |
يُنَعِّلَ yunaʿʿila |
تُنَعِّلَا tunaʿʿilā |
يُنَعِّلَا yunaʿʿilā |
نُنَعِّلَ nunaʿʿila |
تُنَعِّلُوا tunaʿʿilū |
يُنَعِّلُوا yunaʿʿilū | |||
f | تُنَعِّلِي tunaʿʿilī |
تُنَعِّلَ tunaʿʿila |
تُنَعِّلَا tunaʿʿilā |
تُنَعِّلْنَ tunaʿʿilna |
يُنَعِّلْنَ yunaʿʿilna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُنَعِّلْ ʾunaʿʿil |
تُنَعِّلْ tunaʿʿil |
يُنَعِّلْ yunaʿʿil |
تُنَعِّلَا tunaʿʿilā |
يُنَعِّلَا yunaʿʿilā |
نُنَعِّلْ nunaʿʿil |
تُنَعِّلُوا tunaʿʿilū |
يُنَعِّلُوا yunaʿʿilū | |||
f | تُنَعِّلِي tunaʿʿilī |
تُنَعِّلْ tunaʿʿil |
تُنَعِّلَا tunaʿʿilā |
تُنَعِّلْنَ tunaʿʿilna |
يُنَعِّلْنَ yunaʿʿilna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | نَعِّلْ naʿʿil |
نَعِّلَا naʿʿilā |
نَعِّلُوا naʿʿilū |
||||||||
f | naʿʿilī |
naʿʿilna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | نُعِّلْتُ nuʿʿiltu |
نُعِّلْتَ nuʿʿilta |
نُعِّلَ nuʿʿila |
نُعِّلْتُمَا nuʿʿiltumā |
نُعِّلَا nuʿʿilā |
نُعِّلْنَا nuʿʿilnā |
نُعِّلْتُمْ nuʿʿiltum |
نُعِّلُوا nuʿʿilū | |||
f | نُعِّلْتِ nuʿʿilti |
نُعِّلَتْ nuʿʿilat |
نُعِّلَتَا nuʿʿilatā |
نُعِّلْتُنَّ nuʿʿiltunna |
nuʿʿilna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع |
m | أُنَعَّلُ ʾunaʿʿalu |
تُنَعَّلُ tunaʿʿalu |
يُنَعَّلُ yunaʿʿalu |
تُنَعَّلَانِ tunaʿʿalāni |
يُنَعَّلَانِ yunaʿʿalāni |
نُنَعَّلُ nunaʿʿalu |
تُنَعَّلُونَ tunaʿʿalūna |
يُنَعَّلُونَ yunaʿʿalūna | |||
f | تُنَعَّلِينَ tunaʿʿalīna |
تُنَعَّلُ tunaʿʿalu |
تُنَعَّلَانِ tunaʿʿalāni |
تُنَعَّلْنَ tunaʿʿalna |
يُنَعَّلْنَ yunaʿʿalna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُنَعَّلَ ʾunaʿʿala |
تُنَعَّلَ tunaʿʿala |
يُنَعَّلَ yunaʿʿala |
تُنَعَّلَا tunaʿʿalā |
يُنَعَّلَا yunaʿʿalā |
نُنَعَّلَ nunaʿʿala |
تُنَعَّلُوا tunaʿʿalū |
يُنَعَّلُوا yunaʿʿalū | |||
f | تُنَعَّلِي tunaʿʿalī |
تُنَعَّلَ tunaʿʿala |
تُنَعَّلَا tunaʿʿalā |
تُنَعَّلْنَ tunaʿʿalna |
يُنَعَّلْنَ yunaʿʿalna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُنَعَّلْ ʾunaʿʿal |
تُنَعَّلْ tunaʿʿal |
يُنَعَّلْ yunaʿʿal |
تُنَعَّلَا tunaʿʿalā |
يُنَعَّلَا yunaʿʿalā |
نُنَعَّلْ nunaʿʿal |
تُنَعَّلُوا tunaʿʿalū |
يُنَعَّلُوا yunaʿʿalū | |||
f | تُنَعَّلِي tunaʿʿalī |
تُنَعَّلْ tunaʿʿal |
تُنَعَّلَا tunaʿʿalā |
تُنَعَّلْنَ tunaʿʿalna |
يُنَعَّلْنَ yunaʿʿalna |
Noun
نَعْل • (naʿl) m (plural نِعَال (niʿāl) or أَنْعُل (ʾanʿul))
Declension
Declension of noun نَعْل (naʿl)
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | نَعْل naʿl |
النَّعْل an-naʿl |
نَعْل naʿl |
Nominative | نَعْلٌ naʿlun |
النَّعْلُ an-naʿlu |
نَعْلُ naʿlu |
Accusative | نَعْلًا naʿlan |
النَّعْلَ an-naʿla |
نَعْلَ naʿla |
Genitive | نَعْلٍ naʿlin |
النَّعْلِ an-naʿli |
نَعْلِ naʿli |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | نَعْلَيْن naʿlayn |
النَّعْلَيْن an-naʿlayn |
نَعْلَيْ naʿlay |
Nominative | نَعْلَانِ naʿlāni |
النَّعْلَانِ an-naʿlāni |
نَعْلَا naʿlā |
Accusative | نَعْلَيْنِ naʿlayni |
النَّعْلَيْنِ an-naʿlayni |
نَعْلَيْ naʿlay |
Genitive | نَعْلَيْنِ naʿlayni |
النَّعْلَيْنِ an-naʿlayni |
نَعْلَيْ naʿlay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | نِعَال; أَنْعُل niʿāl; ʾanʿul |
النِّعَال; الْأَنْعُل an-niʿāl; al-ʾanʿul |
نِعَال; أَنْعُل niʿāl; ʾanʿul |
Nominative | نِعَالٌ; أَنْعُلٌ niʿālun; ʾanʿulun |
النِّعَالُ; الْأَنْعُلُ an-niʿālu; al-ʾanʿulu |
نِعَالُ; أَنْعُلُ niʿālu; ʾanʿulu |
Accusative | نِعَالًا; أَنْعُلًا niʿālan; ʾanʿulan |
النِّعَالَ; الْأَنْعُلَ an-niʿāla; al-ʾanʿula |
نِعَالَ; أَنْعُلَ niʿāla; ʾanʿula |
Genitive | نِعَالٍ; أَنْعُلٍ niʿālin; ʾanʿulin |
النِّعَالِ; الْأَنْعُلِ an-niʿāli; al-ʾanʿuli |
نِعَالِ; أَنْعُلِ niʿāli; ʾanʿuli |
Noun
نَعَل • (naʿal) m
- verbal noun of نَعِلَ (naʿila) (form I)
Declension
Declension of noun نَعَل (naʿal)
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | نَعَل naʿal |
النَّعَل an-naʿal |
نَعَل naʿal |
Nominative | نَعَلٌ naʿalun |
النَّعَلُ an-naʿalu |
نَعَلُ naʿalu |
Accusative | نَعَلًا naʿalan |
النَّعَلَ an-naʿala |
نَعَلَ naʿala |
Genitive | نَعَلٍ naʿalin |
النَّعَلِ an-naʿali |
نَعَلِ naʿali |
Descendants
- → Azerbaijani: nal
- → Baluchi: نال (nál), نعل
- → Georgian: ნალი (nali)
- → Hindi: नाल (nāl)
- → Middle Armenian: նալ (nal)
- Armenian: նալ (nal)
- → Kurdish:
- Northern Kurdish: nal
- Central Kurdish: ناڵ (nall)
- Southern Kurdish: ناڵ (nall)
- → Persian: نعل (na'l)
- Tajik: наъл (naʾl)
- → Ottoman Turkish: نال (nal)
- Turkish: nal
- → Pashto: نال (nāl)
- → Turkmen: naal
- → Urdu: نال (nāl)
References
- Dillmann, August (1865) Lexicon linguae aethiopicae cum indice latino (in Latin), Leipzig: T. O. Weigel, column 676
- Freytag, Georg (1837), “نعل”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 4, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 303
- Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860), “نعل”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc (in French), volume 2, Paris: Maisonneuve et Cie, page 1296
- Leslau, Wolf (1991) Comparative Dictionary of Geʿez (Classical Ethiopic), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 382
- Wehr, Hans (1979), “نعل”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
- Wehr, Hans; Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985), “نعل”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 1291
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the main entry.
Verb
نُعْلَ • (nuʿla) (form I)
Etymology 3
See the etymology of the main entry.
Etymology 4
See the etymology of the main entry.
Baluchi
Persian
Derived terms
- نعل اسب (na'l-e asb)
- نعل اسبی (na'l-e-asbi)
- نعلبند (na'lband)
- نعلتراش (na'ltarâš)
- نعلساز (na'l-sâz)
- نعلچه (na'lče)
Urdu
Derived terms
- نعلین (na’lain)
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