गुरु

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit गुरु (guru), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷréh₂us.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ɡʊɾʊ/

Adjective

गुरु • (guru)

  1. heavy
    Synonym: भारी (bhārī)

Derived terms

Noun

गुरु • (guru) m

  1. guru, teacher, sage
  2. (astronomy) Jupiter
  3. (slang, sarcastic) a smartass

Declension
Declension of गुरु
Singular Plural
Direct गुरु (guru) गुरु (guru)
Oblique गुरु (guru) गुरुओं (guruon)
Vocative गुरु (guru) गुरुओ (guruo)

Nepali

Noun

गुरु • (guru)

  1. teacher

Sanskrit

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *gr̥Húṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gr̥Húš, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷr̥h₂ús (“heavy”). Cognate with Ancient Greek βαρύς (barús), Gothic 𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌿𐍃 (kaurus, “burdensome”), Latin gravis, Persian گران‎ (gerân).

Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
  • ᬕᬸᬭᬸ (Balinese script)
  • গুৰু (Assamese script)
  • গুরু (Bengali script)
  • 𑰐𑰲𑰨𑰲 (Bhaiksuki script)
  • 𑀕𑀼𑀭𑀼 (Brahmi script)
  • 𑌗𑍁𑌰𑍁 (Grantha script)
  • ગુરુ (Gujarati script)
  • ꦒꦸꦫꦸ (Javanese script)
  • ಗುರು (Kannada script)
  • ဂုရု (Burmese script)
  • ଗୁରୁ (Oriya script)
  • ꢔꢸꢬꢸ (Saurashtra script)
  • 𑆓𑆶𑆫𑆶 (Sharada script)
  • 𑖐𑖲𑖨𑗜 (Siddham script)
  • గురు (Telugu script)
  • གུརུ (Tibetan script)
  • 𑒑𑒳𑒩𑒳 (Tirhuta script)

Pronunciation

Adjective

गुरु • (gurú)

  1. heavy, weighty
    • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 4.5.6:
      इदं मे अग्ने कियते पावकामिनते गुरुं भारं न मन्म।
      बृहद्दधाथ धृषता गभीरं यह्वं पृष्ठं प्रयसा सप्तधातु॥
      idaṃ me agne kiyate pāvakāminate guruṃ bhāraṃ na manma.
      bṛhaddadhātha dhṛṣatā gabhīraṃ yahvaṃ pṛṣṭhaṃ prayasā saptadhātu.
      To me, weak, innocent, thou, luminous Agni, hast boldly given as ’twere a heavy burthen,
      This Pṛṣṭha hymn, profound and strong and mighty, of seven elements, and with offered dainties.
  2. heavy in the stomach (food), difficult to digest
  3. great, large, extended, long
  4. (in prosody) long by nature or position (a vowel)
  5. high in degree, vehement, violent, excessive, difficult, hard
  6. grievous
  7. important, serious, momentous
  8. valuable, highly prized
  9. haughty, proud (speech)
  10. venerable, respectable

Noun

गुरु • (gurú) m

  1. guru
  2. any venerable or respectable person (father, mother, or any relative older than oneself)
  3. teacher
  4. sage

Declension
Masculine u-stem declension of गुरु
Nom. sg. गुरुः (guruḥ)
Gen. sg. गुरोः (guroḥ)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative गुरुः (guruḥ) गुरू (gurū) गुरवः (guravaḥ)
Vocative गुरो (guro) गुरू (gurū) गुरवः (guravaḥ)
Accusative गुरुम् (gurum) गुरू (gurū) गुरून् (gurūn)
Instrumental गुरुणा (guruṇā) गुरुभ्याम् (gurubhyām) गुरुभिः (gurubhiḥ)
Dative गुरवे (gurave) गुरुभ्याम् (gurubhyām) गुरुभ्यः (gurubhyaḥ)
Ablative गुरोः (guroḥ) गुरुभ्याम् (gurubhyām) गुरुभ्यः (gurubhyaḥ)
Genitive गुरोः (guroḥ) गुर्वोः (gurvoḥ) गुरूणाम् (gurūṇām)
Locative गुरौ (gurau) गुर्वोः (gurvoḥ) गुरुषु (guruṣu)

Derived terms

Descendants
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.