दूर

See also: देर and द्रु

Hindi

Etymology

From Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀤𑀽𑀭 (dūra), from Sanskrit दूर (dūrá). Also influenced by Persian دور‎ (dur).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /d̪uːɾ/
  • Rhymes: -uːɾ

Adjective

दूर • (dūr) (Urdu spelling دور‎)

  1. distant, far
    आपका कार्यालय यहाँ से कितनी दूर है।
    āpkā kāryālay yahā̃ se kitnī dūr hai.
    How far is your office from here?
    पृथ्वी से शनि बहुत दूर है।
    pŕthvī se śani bahut dūr hai.
    Saturn is very distant from the Earth.
  2. away, off
    वह सौ मीटर दूर खड़ा था।
    vah sau mīṭar dūr khaṛā thā.
    He was standing a hundred meters away.
    इन लड़कों को खेत से दूर रखो।
    in laṛkõ ko khet se dūr rakho.
    Keep these boys off the field.

Usage notes

दूर (dūr) can be considered an adverb in the same sense as it is considered an adjective.

Noun

दूर • (dūr) (Urdu spelling دور‎)

  1. distance, remoteness
    See दूरी (dūrī) for more information.

References
  • Bahri, Hardev (1989), “दूर”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons
  • McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “दूर”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

Sanskrit

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *duHrás (“far”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *duHrás (“far”), from Proto-Indo-European *duh₂-ró-s (“long, far”), from *dweh₂-. Cognate with Persian دور‎ (dūr, “far”), Avestan 𐬛𐬏𐬭𐬁𐬝‎ (dūrāt̰, “from afar”), Ancient Greek δηρός (dērós, “long”), Latin dūrus, Old Armenian երկար (erkar, “long, extended”).

Pronunciation

Adjective

दूर • (dūrá)

  1. distant, far, long, remote
    • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 5.7.4:
      स स्मा कृणोति केतुमा नक्तं चिद्दूर आ सते।
      sa smā kṛṇoti ketumā naktaṃ ciddūra ā sate.
      He gives a signal in the night even to him who is afar.

Noun

दूर • (dūrá) n

  1. distance, remoteness
  2. come from afar
  3. long way back or from a remote period

Declension
Neuter a-stem declension of दूर (dūrá)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative दूरम्
dūrám		 दूरे
dūré		 दूराणि / दूरा¹
dūrā́ṇi / dūrā́¹
Vocative दूर
dū́ra		 दूरे
dū́re		 दूराणि / दूरा¹
dū́rāṇi / dū́rā¹
Accusative दूरम्
dūrám		 दूरे
dūré		 दूराणि / दूरा¹
dūrā́ṇi / dūrā́¹
Instrumental दूरेण
dūréṇa		 दूराभ्याम्
dūrā́bhyām		 दूरैः / दूरेभिः¹
dūraíḥ / dūrébhiḥ¹
Dative दूराय
dūrā́ya		 दूराभ्याम्
dūrā́bhyām		 दूरेभ्यः
dūrébhyaḥ
Ablative दूरात्
dūrā́t		 दूराभ्याम्
dūrā́bhyām		 दूरेभ्यः
dūrébhyaḥ
Genitive दूरस्य
dūrásya		 दूरयोः
dūráyoḥ		 दूराणाम्
dūrā́ṇām
Locative दूरे
dūré		 दूरयोः
dūráyoḥ		 दूरेषु
dūréṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Descendants
  • Dardic: [Term?]
    • Kashmiri: دوٗر‎ (dūr)
  • Magadhi Prakrit: [Term?]
    • Assamese: দূৰ (dur)
    • Bengali: দূর (dūr)
  • Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀤𑀽𑀭 (dūra)
    • Marathi: दूर (dūr)
    • Sinhalese: දුර (dura)
  • Pali: dūra
  • Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀤𑀽𑀭 (dūra)
  • → Kannada: ದೂರ (dūra)
  • → Telugu: దూరము (dūramu)

References
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