हम

Bhojpuri

Etymology

From Sanskrit अस्मे (asme).

Pronoun

हम (ham) (genitive हमार, oblique हमरा)

  1. I

Garhwali

Pronoun

हम (ham)

  1. plural of मि (mi); we

Hindi

Etymology 1

From Old Hindi हम (hama), हंम (haṃma), from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (amhe), from Sanskrit अस्मे (asme) (locative of वयम् (vayam, we)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *asmáy, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥smé. Compare Punjabi ਅਸੀਂ (asī̃), Assamese আমি (ami),Marathi आम्ही (āmhī), Konkani आमि.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɦəm/

Pronoun

हम (ham) m or f (Urdu spelling ہم)

  1. we: first-person plural personal pronoun, plural of मैं (ma͠i)
    हम बहुत पहले से एक-दूसरे को जानते हैं।
    ham bahut pahle se ek-dūsre ko jānte hain.
    We've known each other for a long time.
  2. (Varanasi, Awadh, colloquial in Standard Hindi) I: first-person personal singular personal pronoun
    Synonym: मैं (ma͠i)
Usage notes

Because हम (ham) can mean both "we" and "I", sometimes हम लोग (ham log, we people) is used to specifically denote the plural. Usually context makes it clear when हम (ham) is being used for "we" or for "I". It is inflected and used grammatically the same for both meanings.

Most Eastern Hindi dialects only use हम (ham) as "I", and a variant of हम लोग (ham log) for "we".

Declension
Declension of हम
direct हम (ham)
indirect हम (ham)
ergative हमने (hamne)
genitive हमारा (hamārā)
dative हमें (hamẽ) , हमको (hamko)
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Persian هم (ham), from Middle Persian hm (ham), from Old Persian 𐏃𐎶 (hama), from Proto-Iranian *hamHáh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *samHás, from Proto-Indo-European *somHós.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ɦəm]

Adverb

हम (ham) (Urdu spelling ہم)

  1. (rare) also, as well, likewise

Conjunction

हम (ham) (Urdu spelling ہم)

  1. (rare) whether, either

References

  • McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), हम”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
  • Platts, John T. (1884), हम”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & co.

Old Hindi

Alternative forms

  • हंम (haṃma)

Etymology

From Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (amhe), from Sanskrit अस्मे (asme).

Pronoun

हम (hama)

  1. we

Descendants

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