हिम

See also: ह्म, हम, and हामी

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit हिम (himá), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰimás, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰimós (“cold, frost”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɦɪm/

Noun

हिम • (him) m (Urdu spelling ہم‎)

snow, ice, frost
अगला हिम युग कब आएगा इसका सटीक आकलन फिलहाल नहीं किया जा सका है।
aglā him yug kab āegā iskā saṭīk āklan philhāl nahī̃ kiyā jā sakā hai.
Currently, we cannot accurately estimate when the next ice age will arrive.

Synonym: बरफ़ (baraf)

Derived terms

हिमाचल (himācal, “land of snow-clad mountains”)
हिमाद्रि (himādri, “snow peak”)
हिमालय (himālay, “abode of snow”)
हिमानि (himāni, “fjord”)
हिमांक (himāṅk, “freezing point”)
हिमांशु (himānśu, “moon”)
हिमकंदुक (himkanduk, “snowball”)
हिमनदी (himandī, “glacier, ice-river”)
हिमपात (himpāt, “snowfall”)
हिममानव (himmānav, “snowman”)
हिमशिखर (himśikhar, “ice-cap”)
हिमलंब (himlamb, “icicle”)
हिमशैल (himśail, “iceberg”)
हिमतेंदुआ (himtenduā, “snow leopard”)
हिमवंत (himvant, “snow-like, bright”)
हिमेश (himeś, “lord of snow”)

References

Caturvedi, Mahendra; Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970), “हिम”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House

Pali

Alternative forms

hima (Latin script)
𑀳𑀺𑀫 (Brahmi script)
হিম (Bengali script)
හිම (Sinhalese script)
ဟိမ (Burmese script)
หิม or หิมะ (Thai script)
ᩉᩥᨾ (Tai Tham script)
ຫິມ or ຫິມະ (Lao script)
ហិម (Khmer script)

Noun

हिम ?

Devanagari script form of hima

Sanskrit

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *źʰimás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰimás, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰimós (“cold, frost”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬰𐬌𐬌𐬃‎ (ziiā̊), Ancient Greek χεῖμα (kheîma), Hittite 𒄀𒈠𒀭 (giman), Latin hiems, Lithuanian žiema, Old Church Slavonic зима (zima).

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

ᬳᬶᬫ (Balinese script)
হিম (Bengali script)
হিম (Bengali script)
𑰮𑰰𑰦 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀳𑀺𑀫 (Brahmi script)
𑌹𑌿𑌮 (Grantha script)
હિમ (Gujarati script)
ꦲꦶꦩ (Javanese script)
ಹಿಮ (Kannada script)
ဟိမ (Burmese script)
ହିମ (Oriya script)
ꢲꢶꢪ (Saurashtra script)
𑆲𑆴𑆩 (Sharada script)
𑖮𑖰𑖦 (Siddham script)
హిమ (Telugu script)
ཧིམ (Tibetan script)
𑒯𑒱𑒧 (Tirhuta script)

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɦi.mɐ́/
(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈɦi.mɐ/

Noun

हिम • (himá) m

cold, frost
the cold season, winter

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of हिम (himá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	हिमः himáḥ	हिमौ himaú	हिमाः / हिमासः¹ himā́ḥ / himā́saḥ¹
Vocative	हिम híma	हिमौ hímau	हिमाः / हिमासः¹ hímāḥ / hímāsaḥ¹
Accusative	हिमम् himám	हिमौ himaú	हिमान् himā́n
Instrumental	हिमेन hiména	हिमाभ्याम् himā́bhyām	हिमैः / हिमेभिः¹ himaíḥ / himébhiḥ¹
Dative	हिमाय himā́ya	हिमाभ्याम् himā́bhyām	हिमेभ्यः himébhyaḥ
Ablative	हिमात् himā́t	हिमाभ्याम् himā́bhyām	हिमेभ्यः himébhyaḥ
Genitive	हिमस्य himásya	हिमयोः himáyoḥ	हिमानाम् himā́nām
Locative	हिमे himé	हिमयोः himáyoḥ	हिमेषु himéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Noun

हिम • (himá) n

frost, hoarfrost, snow (rarely "ice")
sandalwood (of cooling properties)

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of हिम (himá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	हिमम् himám	हिमे himé	हिमानि / हिमा¹ himā́ni / himā́¹
Vocative	हिम híma	हिमे híme	हिमानि / हिमा¹ hímāni / hímā¹
Accusative	हिमम् himám	हिमे himé	हिमानि / हिमा¹ himā́ni / himā́¹
Instrumental	हिमेन hiména	हिमाभ्याम् himā́bhyām	हिमैः / हिमेभिः¹ himaíḥ / himébhiḥ¹
Dative	हिमाय himā́ya	हिमाभ्याम् himā́bhyām	हिमेभ्यः himébhyaḥ
Ablative	हिमात् himā́t	हिमाभ्याम् himā́bhyām	हिमेभ्यः himébhyaḥ
Genitive	हिमस्य himásya	हिमयोः himáyoḥ	हिमानाम् himā́nām
Locative	हिमे himé	हिमयोः himáyoḥ	हिमेषु himéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Borrowed terms

→ Hindi: हिम (him)
→ Kannada: ಹಿಮ (hima)
→ Santali: ᱦᱤᱢ (him)
→ Telugu: హిమము (himamu)
→ Thai: หิมะ (hì-má)

Descendants

Dardic: *himá
- Gawar-Bati: ہم (hīm)
- Indus Kohistani: [script needed] (hī̃)
- Grangali: [script needed] (im)
- Kalami: ہم‎ (him)
- Kashmiri: [script needed] (himun, “to snow”)
- Khowar: ہم‎ (him)
- Northeast Pashayi: ہم (hīm)
- Northwest Pashayi: ہم (hīm)
- Southeast Pashayi: ہم‎ (hīm)
- Southwest Pashayi: ہم (hīm)
- Savi: [script needed] (hina)
- Shina: ہم‎ (him)
- Shumashti: [script needed] (īm)
- Torwali: ہم‎ (him)
- Wotapuri-Katarqalai: [script needed] (īm)
Helu:
- Sinhalese: හිම (hima)
Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀳𑀺𑀫 (hima)
- Konkani: इंव (ĩv)
- Marathi: हिंव (hiuv)
Pali: hima
Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀳𑀺𑀫 (hima)
- Garhwali: हिउँ (hiũ)
- Gujarati: હિમ (him)
- Hindi: हिँव (hĩv)
- Kumaoni: हिउँ (hiũ)
- Nepali: हिउँ (hiũ)
- Romani: hiv

Adjective

हिम • (himá)

cold, cool

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of हिम (himá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	हिमः himáḥ	हिमौ himaú	हिमाः / हिमासः¹ himā́ḥ / himā́saḥ¹
Vocative	हिम híma	हिमौ hímau	हिमाः / हिमासः¹ hímāḥ / hímāsaḥ¹
Accusative	हिमम् himám	हिमौ himaú	हिमान् himā́n
Instrumental	हिमेन hiména	हिमाभ्याम् himā́bhyām	हिमैः / हिमेभिः¹ himaíḥ / himébhiḥ¹
Dative	हिमाय himā́ya	हिमाभ्याम् himā́bhyām	हिमेभ्यः himébhyaḥ
Ablative	हिमात् himā́t	हिमाभ्याम् himā́bhyām	हिमेभ्यः himébhyaḥ
Genitive	हिमस्य himásya	हिमयोः himáyoḥ	हिमानाम् himā́nām
Locative	हिमे himé	हिमयोः himáyoḥ	हिमेषु himéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of हिमा (himā́)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	हिमा himā́	हिमे himé	हिमाः himā́ḥ
Vocative	हिमे híme	हिमे híme	हिमाः hímāḥ
Accusative	हिमाम् himā́m	हिमे himé	हिमाः himā́ḥ
Instrumental	हिमया / हिमा¹ himáyā / himā́¹	हिमाभ्याम् himā́bhyām	हिमाभिः himā́bhiḥ
Dative	हिमायै himā́yai	हिमाभ्याम् himā́bhyām	हिमाभ्यः himā́bhyaḥ
Ablative	हिमायाः himā́yāḥ	हिमाभ्याम् himā́bhyām	हिमाभ्यः himā́bhyaḥ
Genitive	हिमायाः himā́yāḥ	हिमयोः himáyoḥ	हिमानाम् himā́nām
Locative	हिमायाम् himā́yām	हिमयोः himáyoḥ	हिमासु himā́su
Notes	¹Vedic

Neuter a-stem declension of हिम (himá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	हिमम् himám	हिमे himé	हिमानि / हिमा¹ himā́ni / himā́¹
Vocative	हिम híma	हिमे híme	हिमानि / हिमा¹ hímāni / hímā¹
Accusative	हिमम् himám	हिमे himé	हिमानि / हिमा¹ himā́ni / himā́¹
Instrumental	हिमेन hiména	हिमाभ्याम् himā́bhyām	हिमैः / हिमेभिः¹ himaíḥ / himébhiḥ¹
Dative	हिमाय himā́ya	हिमाभ्याम् himā́bhyām	हिमेभ्यः himébhyaḥ
Ablative	हिमात् himā́t	हिमाभ्याम् himā́bhyām	हिमेभ्यः himébhyaḥ
Genitive	हिमस्य himásya	हिमयोः himáyoḥ	हिमानाम् himā́nām
Locative	हिमे himé	हिमयोः himáyoḥ	हिमेषु himéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

References

Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “himá (14096)”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

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