下野

Chinese
 
under; next; lower; below; underneath; down(wards); to go down; latter
 
field; plain; open space; limit; boundary; rude; wild
simp. and trad.
(下野)		 下 野

Pronunciation

Verb

下野

  1. (politics) to be forced to step down

Etymology 2

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 下野 (Shimotsuke).

Proper noun

下野

  1. (～市) Shimotsuke (a city in Tochigi, Japan)

Japanese

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
下 野
げ
Grade: 1		 や
Grade: 2
goon

First attested around the early 1930s.

Pronunciation

Noun

下野 (hiragana げや, rōmaji geya)

  1. (of a public servant) retirement from public office
  2. (politics, of a political party) going into the opposition

Verb

下野する (hiragana げやする, rōmaji geya suru)

  1. (of a public servant) to retire from public office
    Synonym: 野に下る (ya ni kudaru)
  2. (politics, of a political party) to go into the opposition
Conjugation
Conjugation of "下野する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) 下野し げやし geya shi
Continuative (連用形) 下野し げやし geya shi
Terminal (終止形) 下野する げやする geya suru
Attributive (連体形) 下野する げやする geya suru
Hypothetical (仮定形) 下野すれ げやすれ geya sure
Imperative (命令形) 下野せよ¹
下野しろ²		 げやせよ¹
げやしろ²		 geya seyo¹
geya shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 下野される げやされる geya sareru
Causative 下野させる
下野さす		 げやさせる
げやさす		 geya saseru
geya sasu
Potential 下野できる げやできる geya dekiru
Volitional 下野しよう げやしよう geya shiyō
Negative 下野しない げやしない geya shinai
Negative continuative 下野せず げやせず geya sezu
Formal 下野します げやします geya shimasu
Perfective 下野した げやした geya shita
Conjunctive 下野して げやして geya shite
Hypothetical conditional 下野すれば げやすれば geya sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

See also

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
下 野
しも
Grade: 1		 Grade: 2
kun’yomi Irregular

⟨simo(1) tu ke2no1⟩ → */simotukenʷə/ → /ɕimot͡sukenʉ/ → /ɕimot͡suke/

Shortened from Old Japanese 下毛野 (⟨Simotuke2no1⟩ → Shimotsukeno).[2]

The meadowsweet sense was first attested in The Pillow Book (1002), from where the flower was first discovered.

Alternative forms
  • (Japanese meadowsweet, ateji): 繍線菊

Proper noun

下野 (hiragana しもつけ, rōmaji Shimotsuke)

  1. a placename, such as that of:
    1. (historical) Short for 下野国 (Shimotsuke-no-kuni): Shimotsuke Province, an old province of Japan, now part of Tochigi Prefecture
      Synonym: 野州 (Yashū)
    2. Short for 下野市 (Shimotsuke-shi): Shimotsuke City in Tochigi Prefecture
    3. names of three cities in Toyama prefecture
  2. a surname
Derived terms
  • 下野 (しもつけ)薬 (やく)師 (し)寺 (じ)址 (あと) (Shimotsuke Yakushiji Ato)
  • 木 (き)下野 (しもつけ) (kishimotsuke)
See also
  • 上野 (こうずけ) (Kōzuke), from 上毛野 (Kamitsukeno)
  • 毛 (け)野 (の) (Keno), refers to both Shimotsuke and Kōzuke‎ provinces

Noun

下野 (hiragana しもつけ, katakana シモツケ, rōmaji shimotsuke)

  1. the Japanese meadowsweet, Spiraea japonica
    Synonym: 木下野 (kishimotsuke)
    Hypernym: 薔薇 (bara)
Derived terms
Derived terms
  • 下野 (シモツケ)科 (か) (shimotsuke-ka)
  • 下野 (シモツケ)草 (ソウ) (shimotsukesō, “Filipendula multijuga”)
  • 赤沼 (アカヌマ)下野 (シモツケ) (akanuma shimotsuke)
  • 岩 (イワ)下野 (シモツケ) (iwa shimotsuke, “Spiraea nipponica”)
  • 蝦 (エ)夷 (ゾ)下野 (シモツケ) (Ezo shimotsuke, “Spiraea media subsp. media var. sericea”)
  • 草 (クサ)下野 (シモツケ) (kusa shimotsuke)
  • 小 (こ)葉 (ば)の下野 (しもつけ) (koba no shimotsuke)
  • 穂 (ホ)咲 (ザキシモツケ) (hozaki shimotsuke, “Spiraea salicifolia”)
  • 丸 (マル)葉 (バ)下野 (シモツケ) (maruba shimotsuke, “Spiraea betulifolia”)

Etymology 3
Kanji in this term
下 野
しも
Grade: 1		 の
Grade: 2
kun’yomi

From 下 (shimo, “lower”) +‎ 野 (no, “field”).

Proper noun

下野 (hiragana しもの, rōmaji Shimono)

  1. a placename
  2. a surname

Etymology 4
Kanji in this term
下 野
した
Grade: 1		 の
Grade: 2
kun’yomi

From 下 (shita, “below”) +‎ 野 (no, “field”).

Proper noun

下野 (hiragana したの, rōmaji Shitano)

  1. a placename
  2. a surname

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
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