失礼

See also: 失禮

Chinese
For pronunciation and definitions of 失礼 – see 失禮 (“to lack manners; to be impolite; to breach etiquette; I'm sorry; excuse me”).
(This term, 失礼, is the simplified form of 失禮.)
Notes:

Japanese
Kanji in this term
失 礼
しつ
Grade: 4		 れい
Grade: 3
on’yomi

Etymology

Probably from Middle Chinese compound 失禮 (syit lejX, literally “lose, loss + propriety”). Compare modern Min Nan reading sit-lé.

Pronunciation

Adjective

失礼 (shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai kanji 失禮, -na inflection, hiragana しつれい, rōmaji shitsurei)

  1. rude, impolite, ill-mannered
    失礼 (しつれい)な人 (ひと)。
    Shitsurei na hito.
    A rude person.
    そういう言 (い)い方 (かた)は失礼 (しつれい)だ。
    Sō iu iikata wa shitsurei da.
    It's impolite to say it like that.
    失礼 (しつれい)ですが。
    Shitsurei desu ga.
    It's a rudeness, but... → I don't mean to be rude, but...

Synonyms

Noun

失礼 (shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai kanji 失禮, hiragana しつれい, rōmaji shitsurei)

  1. rudeness, impoliteness
    失礼 (しつれい)ですが。
    Shitsurei desu ga.
    It's a rudeness, but... → I don't mean to be rude, but...

Synonyms

Interjection

失礼 (shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai kanji 失禮, hiragana しつれい, rōmaji shitsurei)

  1. I'm sorry, excuse me

Verb

失礼する (shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai kanji 失禮する, hiragana しつれいする, rōmaji shitsurei suru)

  1. to be rude, to do something rude

Usage notes

Used idiomatically to mean excuse me or I'm sorry. Examples include:

失礼 (しつれい)しました。
Shitsurei shimashita.
I was rude → I'm sorry. (in reference to a past action)
では、失礼 (しつれい)します。
De wa, shitsurei shimasu.
I will be rude → Excuse me (said at the end of a phone call just before hanging up)
お先 (さき)に失礼 (しつれい)します。
O-saki ni shitsurei shimasu.
I will be rude by doing something first → Excuse me, I'm leaving now. (before other people leave)

Conjugation
Conjugation of "失礼する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) 失礼し しつれいし shitsurei shi
Continuative (連用形) 失礼し しつれいし shitsurei shi
Terminal (終止形) 失礼する しつれいする shitsurei suru
Attributive (連体形) 失礼する しつれいする shitsurei suru
Hypothetical (仮定形) 失礼すれ しつれいすれ shitsurei sure
Imperative (命令形) 失礼せよ¹
失礼しろ²		 しつれいせよ¹
しつれいしろ²		 shitsurei seyo¹
shitsurei shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 失礼される しつれいされる shitsurei sareru
Causative 失礼させる
失礼さす		 しつれいさせる
しつれいさす		 shitsurei saseru
shitsurei sasu
Potential 失礼できる しつれいできる shitsurei dekiru
Volitional 失礼しよう しつれいしよう shitsurei shiyō
Negative 失礼しない しつれいしない shitsurei shinai
Negative continuative 失礼せず しつれいせず shitsurei sezu
Formal 失礼します しつれいします shitsurei shimasu
Perfective 失礼した しつれいした shitsurei shita
Conjunctive 失礼して しつれいして shitsurei shite
Hypothetical conditional 失礼すれば しつれいすれば shitsurei sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

See also

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
  • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
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