緊張
See also: 紧张
Chinese
tight; nervous; strict | (a measure word); surname; open up | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (緊張) | 緊 | 張 | |
simp. (紧张) | 紧 | 张 |
Etymology
Wasei kango (和製漢語), orthographically borrowed from Japanese 緊張 (kinchō).
Pronunciation
Adjective
緊張
Japanese
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
緊 | 張 |
きん Grade: S |
ちょう Grade: 5 |
on’yomi |
Noun
緊張 (hiragana きんちょう, rōmaji kinchō)
- physical tension, strain
- mental strain, nervousness
- tension in a relationship
- the contracted state of a muscle
Compounds
- 緊張緩和 (kinchō kanwa, “détente”)
Verb
緊張する (intransitive, hiragana きんちょうする, rōmaji kinchō suru)
- be physically tense
- be mentally tense, be nervous
- for a relationship to suffer tension
- for a muscle to contract
Conjugation
Conjugation of "緊張する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Imperfective (未然形) | 緊張し | きんちょうし | kinchō shi | |
Continuative (連用形) | 緊張し | きんちょうし | kinchō shi | |
Terminal (終止形) | 緊張する | きんちょうする | kinchō suru | |
Attributive (連体形) | 緊張する | きんちょうする | kinchō suru | |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | 緊張すれ | きんちょうすれ | kinchō sure | |
Imperative (命令形) | 緊張せよ¹ 緊張しろ² |
きんちょうせよ¹ きんちょうしろ² |
kinchō seyo¹ kinchō shiro² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 緊張される | きんちょうされる | kinchō sareru | |
Causative | 緊張させる 緊張さす |
きんちょうさせる きんちょうさす |
kinchō saseru kinchō sasu | |
Potential | 緊張できる | きんちょうできる | kinchō dekiru | |
Volitional | 緊張しよう | きんちょうしよう | kinchō shiyō | |
Negative | 緊張しない | きんちょうしない | kinchō shinai | |
Negative continuative | 緊張せず | きんちょうせず | kinchō sezu | |
Formal | 緊張します | きんちょうします | kinchō shimasu | |
Perfective | 緊張した | きんちょうした | kinchō shita | |
Conjunctive | 緊張して | きんちょうして | kinchō shite | |
Hypothetical conditional | 緊張すれば | きんちょうすれば | kinchō sureba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative |
References
- 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
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