萋萋

Chinese

		luxuriant	luxuriant
simp. and trad. (萋萋)		萋	萋

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): qīqī

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄑㄧ
Cantonese (Jyutping): cai¹ cai¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: qīqī
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄑㄧ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chichi
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: cai¹ cai¹
  - Yale: chāi chāi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsai¹ tsai¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: cei¹ cei¹
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɐi̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰɐi̯⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: /t͡sʰei t͡sʰei/▼

Rime
Character	萋
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	清 (14)
Final (韻)	齊 (39)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	七稽切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰei/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰei/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰɛi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰɛj/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰei/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰiei/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡sʰiei/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qī

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[tsʰ]ˤəj [tsʰ]ˤəj/

(Zhengzhang): /*sʰiːl sʰiːl/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	萋
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	qī
Middle Chinese	‹ tshej ›
Old Chinese	/*[tsʰ]ˁəj/
English	ample, rich, luxuriant
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	萋
Reading #	1/1
No.	9914
Phonetic component	妻
Rime group	脂
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	妻
Old Chinese	/*sʰiːl/

Adjective

萋萋

(literary, ideophonic) lush; luxuriant
(literary, ideophonic, of clouds) pervading; forming dense masses
(literary, ideophonic) gorgeous; ornate
(literary, ideophonic) withered; wilted

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