鍛

See also: 煅 and 锻

鍛	U+935B, 鍛 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-935B

← 鍚
[U+935A]

CJK Unified Ideographs

鍜 →
[U+935C]

Translingual

Han character

鍛 (radical 167, 金+9, 17 strokes, cangjie input 金竹十水 (CHJE), four-corner 8714₇, composition ⿰釒段)

References

KangXi: page 1314, character 9

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40625

Dae Jaweon: page 1814, character 26

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 4233, character 1

Unihan data for U+935B

Chinese

trad.		鍛
simp.		锻

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (段) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
鍛	*toːns
腶	*toːns
碫	*toːns
瑖	*toːns
緞	doːnʔ, doːns
段	*doːns
椴	*doːns
毈	*doːns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *toːns) : semantic 釒 (“metal”) + phonetic 段 (OC *doːns).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): duàn (duan⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄨㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): dyun³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): thon
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): toàn / thoàn

(Teochew, Peng'im): duêng³ / duang³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: duàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄨㄢˋ
  - Wade–Giles: tuan⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: duann
  - IPA ^(key): /tu̯än⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: dyun³
  - Yale: dyun
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dyn³
  - Guangdong Romanization: dün³
  - IPA ^(key): /tyːn³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thon
  - Hakka Romanization System: ton
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ton⁴
  - IPA: /tʰon⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: toàn
  - Tâi-lô: tuàn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: doaxn
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /tuan²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tuan¹¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tuan⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thoàn
  - Tâi-lô: thuàn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: toaxn
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰuan²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tʰuan¹¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: duêng³ / duang³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tuèng / tuàng
  - IPA ^(key): /tueŋ²¹³/, /tuaŋ²¹³/

Note:

duêng3 - Chaozhou;
duang3 - Shantou.

Middle Chinese: /tuɑn^H/▼

Rime
Character	鍛
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	端 (5)
Final (韻)	桓 (62)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	丁貫切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tuɑn^H/
Pan Wuyun	/tʷɑn^H/
Shao Rongfen	/tuɑn^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/twan^H/
Li Rong	/tuɑn^H/
Wang Li	/tuɑn^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/tuɑn^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	duàn

Old Chinese▼
(Zhengzhang): /*toːns/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鍛
Reading #	1/1
No.	2529
Phonetic component	段
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	鍛
Old Chinese	/*toːns/

Definitions

鍛

to forge; to shape metal
鍛造 / 锻造 ― duànzào ― to forge
to temper; to refine

Compounds

日鍛月煉／日锻月炼
月鍛季煉／月锻季炼
百鍛千練／百锻千练
鍛件／锻件
鍛冶／锻冶 (duànyě)
鍛壓／锻压

鍛工／锻工
鍛打／锻打
鍛接／锻接
鍛模／锻模
鍛焊／锻焊
鍛燒／锻烧

鍛矢／锻矢
鍛造／锻造 (duànzào)
鍛錘／锻锤
鍛鍊／锻炼 (duànliàn)
鍛鐵／锻铁 (duàntiě)

Japanese

Kanji

鍛

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

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Readings

Go-on: たん (tan, Jōyō)
Kan-on: たん (tan, Jōyō)
Kun: きたえる (kitaeru, 鍛える, Jōyō)
Nanori: かじ (kaji); きたえ (kitae)

Compounds

鍛冶
鍛錬, 鍛練

Korean

Hanja

鍛 • (dan) (hangeul 단, revised dan, McCune–Reischauer tan, Yale tan)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

鍛 (đoán, đoàn)

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