구르다
Korean
Etymology 1
First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 그울다 (Yale: kuwulta). Possibly related to Japanese 繰る (kuru, “to wind, to reel, to spin”), ころ (koro, “a roller; a die, dice”), 転がる (korogaru, “to roll; to roll over; to fall or tumble down”).
Alternative forms
- 굴다 (gulda, “roll”)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key)[ˈkuːɾɯda̠]
- Phonetic Hangul[구:르다]
|
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 구르다 (gureuda)
| Stems | |
|---|---|
| Stem 1 | 구르 (gureu) |
| Stem 2 | 굴러 (gulleo) |
| Stem 3 | 구르 (gureu) |
| Conjugation type | Vowel-stem, 르(reu)-irregular |
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 구른다 gureunda |
굴러 gulleo |
굴러요 gulleoyo |
구릅니다 gureumnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 굴렀다 gulleotda |
굴렀어 gulleosseo |
굴렀어요 gulleosseoyo |
굴렀습니다 gulleotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 구르느냐 gureuneunya |
굴러 gulleo |
굴러요 gulleoyo |
구릅니까 gureumnikka |
| Past | 굴렀느냐 gulleonneunya |
굴렀어 gulleosseo |
굴렀어요 gulleosseoyo |
굴렀습니까 gulleotseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 구르자 gureuja | 굴러 gulleo | 굴러요 gulleoyo | 구릅시다 gureupsida | |
| Imperative | 굴러라 gulleora | 굴러 gulleo | 굴러요 gulleoyo | 구릅시오 gureupsio | |
| Assertive | 구르겠다 gureugetda | 구르겠어 gureugesseo | 구르겠어요 gureugesseoyo | 구르겠습니다 gureugetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 굴러 gulleo | 굴러서 gulleoseo | 구르니 gureuni | 구르니까 gureunikka | |
| Contrast | 구르지만 gureujiman | 구르는데 gureuneunde | 구르더니 gureudeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 구르고 gureugo | ||||
| Condition | 구르면 gureumyeon | 굴러야 gulleoya | |||
| Motive | 구르려고 gureuryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 구름 gureum | 구르기 gureugi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 굴렀음 gulleosseum | 굴렀기 gulleotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 구른 gureun | |||
| Present | 구르는 gureuneun | ||||
| Future | 구를 gureul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 구르신다 gureusinda |
구르셔 gureusyeo |
구르세요, 구르셔요 gureuseyo, gureusyeoyo |
구르십니다 gureusimnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 구르셨다 gureusyeotda |
구르셨어 gureusyeosseo |
구르셨어요 gureusyeosseoyo |
구르셨습니다 gureusyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 구르시느냐 gureusineunya |
구르셔 gureusyeo |
구르세요, 구르셔요 gureuseyo, gureusyeoyo |
구르십니까 gureusimnikka |
| Past | 구르셨느냐 gureusyeonneunya |
구르셨어 gureusyeosseo |
구르셨어요 gureusyeosseoyo |
구르셨습니까 gureusyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 구르시라 gureusira | 구르셔 gureusyeo | 구르세요 gureuseyo | 구르십시오 gureusipsio | |
| Assertive | 구르시겠다 gureusigetda | 구르시겠어 gureusigesseo | 구르시겠어요 gureusigesseoyo | 구르시겠습니다 gureusigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 구르셔 gureusyeo | 구르셔서 gureusyeoseo | 구르시니 gureusini | 구르시니까 gureusinikka | |
| Contrast | 구르시지만 gureusijiman | 구르시는데 gureusineunde | 구르시더니 gureusideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 구르시고 gureusigo | ||||
| Condition | 구르시면 gureusimyeon | 구르셔야 gureusyeoya | |||
| Motive | 구르시려고 gureusiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 구르심 gureusim | 구르시기 gureusigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 구르셨음 gureusyeosseum | 구르셨기 gureusyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 구르신 gureusin | |||
| Present | 구르시는 gureusineun | ||||
| Future | 구르실 gureusil | ||||
Synonyms
- 궁글다 (gunggeulda, “to roll”) (obsolete)
Etymology 2
Of native Korean origin.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key)[kuɾɯda̠]
- Phonetic Hangul[구르다]
|
Verb
구르다 • (gureuda) (infinitive 굴러, sequential 구르니)
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 구르다 (gureuda)
| Stems | |
|---|---|
| Stem 1 | 구르 (gureu) |
| Stem 2 | 굴러 (gulleo) |
| Stem 3 | 구르 (gureu) |
| Conjugation type | Vowel-stem, 르(reu)-irregular |
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 구른다 gureunda |
굴러 gulleo |
굴러요 gulleoyo |
구릅니다 gureumnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 굴렀다 gulleotda |
굴렀어 gulleosseo |
굴렀어요 gulleosseoyo |
굴렀습니다 gulleotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 구르느냐 gureuneunya |
굴러 gulleo |
굴러요 gulleoyo |
구릅니까 gureumnikka |
| Past | 굴렀느냐 gulleonneunya |
굴렀어 gulleosseo |
굴렀어요 gulleosseoyo |
굴렀습니까 gulleotseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 구르자 gureuja | 굴러 gulleo | 굴러요 gulleoyo | 구릅시다 gureupsida | |
| Imperative | 굴러라 gulleora | 굴러 gulleo | 굴러요 gulleoyo | 구릅시오 gureupsio | |
| Assertive | 구르겠다 gureugetda | 구르겠어 gureugesseo | 구르겠어요 gureugesseoyo | 구르겠습니다 gureugetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 굴러 gulleo | 굴러서 gulleoseo | 구르니 gureuni | 구르니까 gureunikka | |
| Contrast | 구르지만 gureujiman | 구르는데 gureuneunde | 구르더니 gureudeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 구르고 gureugo | ||||
| Condition | 구르면 gureumyeon | 굴러야 gulleoya | |||
| Motive | 구르려고 gureuryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 구름 gureum | 구르기 gureugi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 굴렀음 gulleosseum | 굴렀기 gulleotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 구른 gureun | |||
| Present | 구르는 gureuneun | ||||
| Future | 구를 gureul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 구르신다 gureusinda |
구르셔 gureusyeo |
구르세요, 구르셔요 gureuseyo, gureusyeoyo |
구르십니다 gureusimnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 구르셨다 gureusyeotda |
구르셨어 gureusyeosseo |
구르셨어요 gureusyeosseoyo |
구르셨습니다 gureusyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 구르시느냐 gureusineunya |
구르셔 gureusyeo |
구르세요, 구르셔요 gureuseyo, gureusyeoyo |
구르십니까 gureusimnikka |
| Past | 구르셨느냐 gureusyeonneunya |
구르셨어 gureusyeosseo |
구르셨어요 gureusyeosseoyo |
구르셨습니까 gureusyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 구르시라 gureusira | 구르셔 gureusyeo | 구르세요 gureuseyo | 구르십시오 gureusipsio | |
| Assertive | 구르시겠다 gureusigetda | 구르시겠어 gureusigesseo | 구르시겠어요 gureusigesseoyo | 구르시겠습니다 gureusigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 구르셔 gureusyeo | 구르셔서 gureusyeoseo | 구르시니 gureusini | 구르시니까 gureusinikka | |
| Contrast | 구르시지만 gureusijiman | 구르시는데 gureusineunde | 구르시더니 gureusideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 구르시고 gureusigo | ||||
| Condition | 구르시면 gureusimyeon | 구르셔야 gureusyeoya | |||
| Motive | 구르시려고 gureusiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 구르심 gureusim | 구르시기 gureusigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 구르셨음 gureusyeosseum | 구르셨기 gureusyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 구르신 gureusin | |||
| Present | 구르시는 gureusineun | ||||
| Future | 구르실 gureusil | ||||
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.