-and

From Middle English -and, -end, -ant, -nd, from Old English -ende, -ande, present participle ending of verbs, and -end, -nd, agent ending, both from Proto-Germanic *-andz (present participle suffix), from Proto-Indo-European *-anto-. More at -ing.

• -ant, -nd, -on

-and

1. (now chiefly dialectal, Scotland) Used to form the present participle of verbs, equivalent to -ing.

   livand, nurischand, ravand, snipand, goand

2. (rare or no longer productive) A suffix of Anglo-Saxon origin forming adjectives from verbs analogous to -ing.

   waniand, blatant, blicant, farrand, flippant, gainand, rampant, trippant, warkand

From Latin gerundive termination -andus, -endus. More at -end.

• -end

-and

1. A suffix forming nouns denoting patients or recipients of actions, such as compiland.

• (a patient): -end, -ee, -ed

• (a patient): -er, -or, -ing

• ADN, DAN, DNA, Dan, Dan., NAD, NDA, dan, dna, nad

• IPA^(key): [ɒnd]

-and

1. (personal suffix, archaic) Added to a verb to form the future tense.
2. (instantaneous suffix) Added to a stem to form a verb with an instantaneous meaning.

   csikland (“to tickle”)

• (both senses) Harmonic variants:

  -and is added to back vowel verbs

  -end is added to front vowel verbs