< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ksweybʰ-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*ksweybʰ- or *kʷsweybʰ- or *kʷseybʰ- [1][2]

  1. to move swiftly, make a swift movement
  2. to swing, shake, to be swinging
  3. to whip, cast, throw

Derived terms
Category Terms derived from the PIE root *ksweybʰ- not found
  • *kswéybʰ-e-ti (thematic root present)[3]
    • Germanic: *swībaną (“to revolve, sway, sweep”)[3] (see there for further descendants)
    • Indo-Iranian: *kšwáypati, *kšwáybʰati
      • Iranian: *xšwáypati, *xšwáybati (“to vibrate, tremble, shake”)[4] (see there for further descendants)
  • *kwseybʰ-eh₂ye-ti[3]
    • Slavic: *šibati (“to whip”)[5] (see there for further descendants)
  • *kswip-é-ti (zero-grade thematic root present)[3]
    • Indo-Iranian: *kšwipáti
  • *kswibʰ-néh₂-ti (innovative denominative present)[3]
    • Germanic: *swippōną (“to sway, move swiftly, swerve”) (see there for further descendants)
      • ⇒ Germanic: *swaipaną (o-grade intensive)[6] (see there for further descendants)
      • ⇒ Germanic: *swipatjan (“to swing, vibrate”) (< *swippōną + *-atjaną)
        • Old Norse: svipta, svypta (“to move quickly, fling, gather, deprive”)
  • *kswoybʰ-éye-ti (*éye-causative)[3]
    • Celtic: *xswibīti (“move, recede”)[7]
      • Middle Irish: scibid
      • Brythonic: *hwɨβid
        • Middle Breton: fifual
          • Breton: fiñval
        • Middle Welsh: chwyfu
          • Welsh: chwifio, chwyfio, chwyfu, chwyfan
    • Germanic: *swaipijaną (“to sweep, cast; wrap”)[8]
      • Middle High German: sweifen (“to roam, wander”)
      • Old Norse: sveipa (“to sweep, drive; to wrap, swaddle”)
    • Indo-Iranian: *kšwaypáyati
      • Indo-Aryan: *kṣaypáyati
        • Sanskrit: क्षेपयति (kṣápayati, “to cause to cast, throw into”)

References
  1. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*k⁽u̯⁾su̯ei̯bʰ-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 373
  2. Pokorny, Julius (1959), “kseip-, kseib-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume II, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 625
  3. Kroonen, Guus (2013), “swīban-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 500: “*kʷseibʰ-”
  4. Cheung, Johnny (2007), “xšu̯aip/b”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 415: “*(k)su̯eip-”
  5. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*šibati”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 487: “*ksu̯eib-”
  6. Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*swaipan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 494
  7. Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*xswib-ī-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 432: “*ksweyb-”
  8. Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*swaipjan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 494
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