Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/séh₂ls

*séh₂ls

1. salt

• Albanian: ngjelmë (“salty”)
• Armenian:
  • Old Armenian: աղ (ał)
  • Old Armenian: աղտ (ałt) < *séh₂ld-
• Balto-Slavic: *salˀdus (from *sh₂el-d-u- or *sh₂l-d-u-)
  • Latgalian: sõļs, solds, soldons
  • Latvian: sāls, salds
  • Old Prussian: sal
  • Lithuanian: saldus, sálti (“sweeten”)
  • Slavic: *solь (see there for further descendants), *soldъkъ (“sweet”) (see there for further descendants)
    • → Iranian: *solH (“salt”)
      • Zazaki: sol (“salt”)
      • Northern Kurdish: solin (“salt”), sû (“saltless”)
• Celtic: *sālos (see there for further descendants)
• Celtic: *salanos (see there for further descendants)
• Germanic: *saltą (see there for further descendants)
• Hellenic:
  • Ancient Greek: ἅλς (háls)
    • Greek: αλάτι (aláti)
• Indo-Iranian:
  • Indo-Aryan:
    • Sanskrit: सर (sará)}
  • Iranian
    • Persian: هلتاک‎ (haltâk, “salty yoghurt”), هلث‎ (halþ~halt, “salty, salty food”)
• Italic:
  • Latin: sāl (see there for further descendants)
  • Umbrian: salu
• Tocharian:
  • Tocharian A: sāle
  • Tocharian B: salyiye
• → Uralic (independent loans from early Indo-European at least in Finno-Permic and Ob-Ugric;[1] common Finno-Permic *sala is sometimes reconstructed[2])
  • Ugric:
    • Mansi:
    • Khanty:
      • Eastern: салнә (salnə)
      • Northern: сӑл (săl)
  • Permic:
    • Komi: *sôl
      • Komi-Permyak: сов (sov)
      • Komi-Zyrian: сол (sol)
    • Udmurt: сылал (sylal)
  • Mari:
    • Eastern Mari: шинчал (šinčal)
  • Mordvinic:
    • Erzya: сал (sal)
    • Moksha: сал (sal)
  • Finnic: *soola

• Unsorted formations:
  • Old Armenian: քաղցր (kʿałcʿr) (partially)