< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ters-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*ters- [1][2][3][4][5][6]

  1. dry

Derived terms
► <a href='/wiki/Category:Terms_derived_from_the_PIE_root_*ters-' title='Category:Terms derived from the PIE root *ters-'>Terms derived from the PIE root *ters-</a>
  • *térs-e-tor (deponent thematic root present)[1]
  • *tr̥s-yé-ti (yé-present)[1]
    • Germanic: *þurzijaną
    • Indo-Iranian: *tŕ̥šyati
      • Indo-Aryan: *tŕ̥ṣyati
      • Iranian: *tŕ̥šyati (“acid, sour; thirsty”)
        • Chorasmian: [script needed] (m-čȳ-)
        • Baluchi: ترش‎ (truš), ترپش‎ (trupš)
        • Kurdish: [Term?]
          Central Kurdish: ترش‎ (tirš)
          Northern Kurdish: tirş (tirš, “acid”), têhnî (“thirsty”)
        • Medo-Parthian: [Term?]
          • Old Median: [Term?]
            • Old Azari: *ترش‎ (tirš)
            • Talysh: (/tirš/)
              Arabic: ترش‎
              Latin: tirş
          • Parthian: (/trifš/)
            Manichaean: [Manichaean needed] (ṯryfš)}
          • Zaza-Gorani:
            • Gurani: تش‎ (tiš), تشە‎ (tiša)
            • Zazaki: tirş (tirš)
        • Middle Persian: (/tru(f)š/)
          Book Pahlavi: [Book Pahlavi needed] (trwpš), [Book Pahlavi needed] (trwš)
          • Persian: ترش‎ (tor(o)š, “sour”)
  • *tors-éye-ti (causative)[1][2][4]
  • *tr̥s-eh₁(ye)-ti (eh₁-stative)[1][4]
  • *ters-o-[5]
    • Italic; *terzā, *terzom
      • Latin: terra
      • Oscan: 𐌕𐌄𐌓𐌀𐌔 (teras), 𐌕𐌄𐌄𐌓𐌞𐌌 (teerúm), 𐌕𐌄𐌓𐌞𐌌 (terúm), 𐌕𐌄𐌓𐌄𐌝𐌔 (tereís), 𐌕𐌄𐌓𐌄𐌝 (tereí)
  • *tērs-os or root noun *tḗrs[5][6]
    • Celtic: *tīros (see there for further descendants)
      • *tīrs-es-mi-
        • Old Irish: tírimm, tirimm
  • *ters-kʷo-
    • Celtic: *terskos
      • Old Irish: terc
        • Irish: tearc
    • (perhaps) Italic: *te(r)skʷom
  • *térs-ti-s ~ *tr̥s-téy-s
    • Germanic: *þurstiz (see there for further descendants)
  • *térs-tu-s ~ *tr̥s-téw-s
    • Celtic: *tartus (see there for further descendants)
    • Germanic: *þurstuz (see there for further descendants)
  • *térs-us
    • Celtic:
    • Germanic: *þursuz (see there for further descendants)
    • Indo-Iranian: *táršuš
      • Iranian: *táršuš
        • Avestan: 𐬙𐬀𐬭𐬱𐬎‎ (taršu)
        • Middle Persian: tšknk'[7]
        • → (possibly) Old Armenian: թաշկինակ (tʿaškinak)[7]
    • Italic:
  • *tr̥s-
    • Middle Armenian: թառ (tʿaṙ)
  • *tr̥s-nós
    • Indo-Iranian: *tŕ̥šnas (see there for further descendants)
  • *tr̥s-ós (“flat surface for drying food”)[8]
    • Germanic: *þarzṓ
      • Nordic:
        • Norwegian: tarre (“frame for drying malts, etc.”)
        • Swedish: tarre
      • West Germanic:
        • Old High German: darra (“apparatus for drying fruits, etc.”)
    • Hellenic:
      • Ancient Greek: ταρσός (tarsós, “cheese hurdle; flat surface, board, blade, sole, palm”)
  • *tr̥s-tós
    • Indo-Iranian: *tr̥štás
      • Indo-Aryan: *tr̥ṣṭás
        • Sanskrit: तृष्ट (tṛṣṭá)
    • Italic: *torstos
  • Other formations:

References
  1. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001) Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 637-638
  2. Demiraj, Bardhyl (1997), “ter”, in Albanische Etymologien: Untersuchungen zum albanischen Erbwortschatz [Albanian Etymologies: Investigations into the Albanian Inherited Lexicon] (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 7) (in German), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 384
  3. Ringe, Don (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic, Oxford University Press
  4. De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “torreō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, pages 634-635
  5. De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “terra”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 616
  6. Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 379–380
  7. Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 247
  8. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “ταρσός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1453–1454
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