Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/ȷ́ānáHti

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥néh₃ti, from *ǵneh₃- (“to know”).

Verb

*ȷ́ānáHti

to know

Descendants

Indo-Aryan: *ȷ́ānáHti
- Sanskrit: जानाति (jānā́ti), जानीते (jānīte)
  - Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀚𑀸𑀡𑀇 (jāṇaï)
    - Awadhi: जानब (jānab)
  - Dardic: *jānā́ti
    - Dameli: [script needed] (zān)
    - Kalasha: [script needed] (ǰhonem)
    - Kashmiri: زانُن‎ (zānun)
    - Khowar: [script needed] (žanik)
    - Phalura: [script needed] (ǰhōn)
    - Shumashti: [script needed] (zāni)
    - Torwali: [script needed] (ǰan)
  - Helu:
    - Sinhalese: දන්නවා (dannavā)
  - Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀚𑀸𑀡𑀇 (jāṇaï)
    - Assamese: জানা (zana), জনা (zona)
    - Bengali: জানা (jana)
    - Bihari:
      - Bhojpuri: जानल (jānal)
      - Maithili: जानब (jānab)
    - Oriya: ଜାଣିବା (jaṇiba)
    - Sylheti: ꠎꠣꠘꠣ (zana)
  - Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀚𑀸𑀡𑀇 (jāṇaï)
    - Konkani: जाण्चे (zāṇce)
    - Old Marathi: जाणणे (jāṇaṇe), 𑘕𑘰𑘜𑘜𑘹 (jāṇaṇe)
      - Marathi: जाणणे (jāṇṇe)
  - Pali: jānāti
  - Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀚𑀸𑀡𑀤𑀺 (jāṇadi)
    - Garhwali: जाण्नु (jāṇnu)
    - Hindustani:
      Hindi: जानना (jānnā)
      Urdu: جاننا‎ (jānnā)
    - Kumaoni: जाण्णो (jāṇṇo)
    - Nepali: जान्नु (jānnu)
    - Old Gujarati: जाणिवउं (jāṇivaũ)
      - Gujarati: જાણવું (jāṇvũ)
      - Marwari: जाण्णो (jāṇṇo)
    - Punjabi: ਜਾਨਣਾ (jānṇā) / جاننا‎‎ (jānṇā)
    - Romani: džan
    - Sindhi: ڄَاڻَڻُ‎ (jāṇaṇu) / जाणणु (jāṇaṇu)
Iranian: *ȷ́ānáHti
- Central Iranian:
  - Avestan: 𐬰𐬁𐬥𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌‎ (zānaiti)
- Northwestern Iranian:
  - Kurdish: zanîn
- Southwestern Iranian:
  - Old Persian: 𐎧𐏁𐎴𐎠𐎿𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 (xšnāsātiy)
    - Middle Persian: 𐭱𐭭𐭠𐭧𐭲𐭭‎ (šnāxtan), [script needed] (dānestan)
      - Persian: شناختن‎ (šenâxtan), دانستن‎ (dānestan)
Nuristani: *ȷ́ānā́ti
- Northern Nuristani:
  - Kamkata-viri:
    Kamviri: [script needed] (źāña)
    
    Kativiri: [script needed] (zāře)

References

Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “jānā́ti (5193)”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

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