< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/bʰagás

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰh₂g-ó-s, from *bʰeh₂g- (“to divide”) +‎ *-os (deverbal suffix). Possibly related to Old Armenian բակ (bak).[1]

Noun

*bʰagás m

  1. portion, part, share, allotment
  2. fate, destiny
  3. (religion) "the dispenser"; a god

Declension
masculine a-stem
singular dual plural
nominative *bʰagás *bʰagā́ *bʰagā́, -ā́s(as)
vocative *bʰaga *bʰagā́ *bʰagā́, -ā́s(as)
accusative *bʰagám *bʰagā́ *bʰagā́ns
instrumental *bʰagā́ *bʰagáybʰyaH, -ā́bʰyām *bʰagā́yš
ablative *bʰagā́t *bʰagáybʰyaH, -ā́bʰyām *bʰagáybʰyas
dative *bʰagā́y *bʰagáybʰyaH, -ā́bʰyām *bʰagáybʰyas
genitive *bʰagásya *bʰagáyās *bʰagā́na(H)m
locative *bʰagáy *bʰagáyaw *bʰagáyšu

Descendants
  • Indo-Aryan: *bʰagás
    • Sanskrit: भग (bhága, “prosperity, well-being, happiness; "dispenser" (epithet of gods); Bhaga (name of a god)”)[2]
  • Iranian: *bagáh (“portion, share, fate; god”)[3]
    • Avestan: 𐬠𐬀𐬖𐬀‏‎ (baγa‏), 𐬠𐬀𐬔𐬀‏‎ (baga‏, “share, (favourable) lot”)
    • Old Persian: 𐎲𐎥 (b-g /baga/, “god”)
      • Middle Persian: [script needed] (ORHYA), [script needed] (bk'), [script needed] (bg /bay/, “lord, god”) (Book Pahlavi), [script needed] (by /bay/) (Manichaean), 𐭡𐭢𐭩‎ (bgy /bay/, “lord, (earthly) god; divine”) (Inscriptional Pahlavi)
        • → Ancient Greek: Βέοι (Béoi)
    • → English: Baghdad
    • → Old Armenian: բագին (bagin), Բագարան (Bagaran), Բագաւան (Bagawan), Բագայառիճ (Bagayaṙič), Բագարատ (Bagarat)
    • → Slavic: *bogъ (“god”) (or inherited from the same PIE root and influenced by Iranian)
    • → Turkic: *bāj (likely)
      • → Slavic: *bãnъ (see there for further descendants)

References
  1. Martirosyan, Hrach (2013), “The place of Armenian in the Indo-European language family: the relationship with Greek and Indo-Iranian”, in Journal of Language Relationship‎, issue 10, page 99
  2. https://archive.org/stream/TheIdeaOfIran/__The_Idea_of_Iran__volume_III__The_Sasanian_Era_djvu.txt
  3. Rastorgujeva, V. S.; Edelʹman, D. I. (2003) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume II, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 48
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