Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/saȷ́ʰásram

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *sm̥-ǵʰéslom, from *sm̥- (“one; full”) +‎ *ǵʰéslom (“thousand”).

Numeral

*saȷ́ʰásram

one thousand

Descendants

Indo-Aryan: *saźʰásram
- Sanskrit: सहस्र (sahásra)
  - Ashokan Prakrit: [1]
    - Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀲𑀳𑀲𑁆𑀲 (sahassa)
    - Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀰𑀳𑀰𑁆𑀰 (śahaśśa)
    - Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀲𑀳𑀲𑁆𑀲 (sahassa)
    - Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀲𑀳𑀲𑁆𑀲 (sahassa)
      - Old Gujarati: सहस
      - Punjabi: ਸਹੰਸ (sahans)
  - Kashmiri: sās
  - Pali: sahassa
  - → Bengali: সহস্র (sôhôsr)
  - → Gujarati: સહસ્ત્ર (sahastra)
  - → Halegannada: ಸಾಸಿರ (sāsira)
    - Kannada: ಸಾವಿರ (sāvira)
  - → Hindi: सहस्र (sahasra)
  - → Nepali: सहस्र (sahasra)
  - → Old Tamil:
    - Tamil: ஆயிரம் (āyiram)
    - Malayalam: ആയിരം (āyiraṃ)
  - → Punjabi: ਸਹੰਸਰ (sahansar)
Iranian: *haĵahram
- Avestan: 𐬵𐬀𐬰𐬀𐬢𐬭𐬀‎ (hazaŋra)
- Bactrian: υαζαρο (uazaro)
- Baluchi: ہزار‎ (hazár)
- Kurdish: ھەزار‎ (hazār)
- Old Ossetic:
  - Ossetian: ӕрзӕ (ærzæ)
  - → Hungarian: ezer
- Pashto: زر‎ (zër)
- Old Persian: 𐏃𐏀𐎠𐎼 (*hazāra)
  - Middle Persian:
    Manichaean: [Manichaean needed] (hzʾr)
    Pahlavi: hcʾl‎ (hazār)
    Classical Persian: [Term?]
    Persian: هزار‎ (hezâr)
    Tajik: ҳазор (hazor)
    → Hindi: हज़ार (hazār)
    - → Old Armenian: հազար (hazar)
      - Armenian: հազար (hazar)

References

Richard Pischel (1900) Grammatik der Prakrit-Sprachen [Comparative Grammar Of The Prakrit Languages]‎, Varanasi: Motilal Banarasidass, published 1957

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[1] Richard Pischel (1900) Grammatik der Prakrit-Sprachen [Comparative Grammar Of The Prakrit Languages]‎, Varanasi: Motilal Banarasidass, published 1957