< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/čuka
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kjaukāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *kewk-éh₂, from *kewk- (“to elevate, to crook”). Cognate with Proto-Germanic *haugaz (“height, hill”) and Albanian çukë (“hill”). Due to the regional distribution of the term, some scholars[1] consider it a borrowing from a Balkan substratum.
Inflection
Declension of *čuka (hard a-stem)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *čuka | *čucě | *čuky |
| Accusative | *čukǫ | *čucě | *čuky |
| Genitive | *čuky | *čuku | *čukъ |
| Locative | *čucě | *čuku | *čukasъ, *čukaxъ* |
| Dative | *čucě | *čukama | *čukamъ |
| Instrumental | *čukojǫ, *čukǫ** | *čukama | *čukami |
| Vocative | *čuko | *čucě | *čuky |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Related terms
References
- Skok, Petar (1971) Etimologijski rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika (in Serbo-Croatian), volume 1, Zagreb: JAZU, page 340
- Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1977), “*čuka”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 04, Moscow: Nauka, page 131
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