< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-okъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology 1
Nominal suffix, derived from *-kъ appended to o-stems *-ъ, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *-kós.
Suffix
*-òkъ m
- (Regional) From feminine animal nouns (usually in i-stem), forms the respective masculine counter-part (in South Slavic)
- From adjectives, forms a carrier of the adjective
- From prepositions, forms a carrier of the adjective
- 0-grade of *per (“for, per”) → *prokъ (“remnant, remainder”)
Declension
Declension of *-okъ (hard o-stem)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *-okъ | *-oka | *-oci |
| Accusative | *-okъ | *-oka | *-oky |
| Genitive | *-oka | *-oku | *-okъ |
| Locative | *-ocě | *-oku | *-ocěxъ |
| Dative | *-oku | *-okoma | *-okomъ |
| Instrumental | *-okъmь, *-okomь* | *-okoma | *-oky |
| Vocative | *-oče | *-oka | *-oci |
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.
Etymology 2
Adjectival suffix, derived from *-kъ appended to o-stems *-ъ, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *-kos.
Suffix
*-òkъ
- From gauge nouns in i-stem, forms adjectives with pertaining meaning: -y
- *glǫbь (“depth”) → *glǫbokъ (“deep”)
- *vysь (“height, elevation”) → *vysokъ (“high, elevated”)
- *širь (“scope, vast space”) → *širokъ (“wide”)
- *dalь (“distance”) → *dalekъ (“distant”)
- *žestь (“stiffness”) → *žestokъ (“cruel, severe”)
- Pre-Slavic *grǫstь (“roughness, cavity”) → *grǫstokъ (“rough, sturdy”)
Alternative forms
- *-ekъ (when appended to yo-stems)
Declension
Indefinite declension of *-okъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *-okъ | *-oka | *-oko |
| Accusative | *-okъ | *-okǫ | *-oko |
| Genitive | *-oka | *-oky | *-oka |
| Locative | *-ocě | *-ocě | *-ocě |
| Dative | *-oku | *-ocě | *-oku |
| Instrumental | *-okomь | *-okojǫ | *-okomь |
| Vocative | *-oče | *-oko | *-oko |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *-oka | *-ocě | *-ocě |
| Accusative | *-oka | *-ocě | *-ocě |
| Genitive | *-oku | *-oku | *-oku |
| Locative | *-oku | *-oku | *-oku |
| Dative | *-okoma | *-okama | *-okoma |
| Instrumental | *-okoma | *-okama | *-okoma |
| Vocative | *-oka | *-ocě | *-ocě |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *-oci | *-oky | *-oka |
| Accusative | *-oky | *-oky | *-oka |
| Genitive | *-okъ | *-okъ | *-okъ |
| Locative | *-ocěxъ | *-okaxъ | *-ocěxъ |
| Dative | *-okomъ | *-okamъ | *-okomъ |
| Instrumental | *-oky | *-okami | *-oky |
| Vocative | *-oci | *-oky | *-oka |
Definite declension of *-okъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *-okъjь | *-okaja | *-okoje |
| Accusative | *-okъjь | *-okǫjǫ | *-okoje |
| Genitive | *-okajego | *-okyję | *-okajego |
| Locative | *-ocějemь | *-ocěji | *-ocějemь |
| Dative | *-okujemu | *-ocěji | *-okujemu |
| Instrumental | *-okyjimi | *-okǫjǫ | *-okyjimi |
| Vocative | *-okъjь | *-okaja | *-okoje |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *-okaja | *-ocěji | *-ocěji |
| Accusative | *-okaja | *-ocěji | *-ocěji |
| Genitive | *-okuju | *-okuju | *-okuju |
| Locative | *-okuju | *-okuju | *-okuju |
| Dative | *-okyjima | *-okyjima | *-okyjima |
| Instrumental | *-okyjima | *-okyjima | *-okyjima |
| Vocative | *-okaja | *-ocěji | *-ocěji |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *-ociji | *-okyję | *-okaja |
| Accusative | *-okyję | *-okyję | *-okaja |
| Genitive | *-okъjixъ | *-okъjixъ | *-okъjixъ |
| Locative | *-okyjixъ | *-okyjixъ | *-okyjixъ |
| Dative | *-okyjimъ | *-okyjimъ | *-okyjimъ |
| Instrumental | *-okyjimi | *-okyjimi | *-okyjimi |
| Vocative | *-ociji | *-okyję | *-okaja |
Derived terms
► <a href='/wiki/Category:Proto-Slavic_words_suffixed_with_*-ok%D1%8A' title='Category:Proto-Slavic words suffixed with *-okъ'>Proto-Slavic words suffixed with *-okъ</a>
Category Proto-Slavic words suffixed with *-ekъ not found
References
- Georgiev Vl. I., Duridanov I., editors (1995), “мишо̀к¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 4, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 144
- Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1992), “*moldokъ/*moldoka”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 19, Moscow: Nauka, page 169
- Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1983), “*grǫstokъ”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 09, Moscow: Nauka, page 147
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