Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/brъkati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Of uncertain origin. The main working hypotheses are:

From pre-Slavic *bʰrewk-, based on the alternation between *brъkati (in 0-grade) and *brukati (in full-grade). Cognate with Lithuanian bràukti (“to scutch”) and Latvian bràukt (“to ride; (formally) to stroke”).

From a fossilized velar byform of pre-Slavic *bʰrewḱ-, based on semantic parallels with palatalized forms such as *brъsati and *brysati.

From an onomatopoeic *-kati extension of *brujati, ultimately from proto-Indo-European *bʰrew- (“to brew, to disrupt”).

Verb

*brъkati impf

to stir, to mix
to confuse

Conjugation

Conjugation of *brъkati (?, -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Suffix: *-ati

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*brъkanьje	*brъkati	*brъkatъ	*brъkalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*brъkanъ	*brъkajemъ
Active	*brъkavъ	*brъkaję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*brъkaxъ	*brъka	*brъka	*brъkajǫ	*brъkaješi	*brъkajetь
Dual	*brъkaxově	*brъkasta	*brъkaste	*brъkajevě	*brъkajeta	*brъkajete
Plural	*brъkaxomъ	*brъkaste	*brъkašę	*brъkajemъ	*brъkajete	*brъkajǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*brъkaaxъ	*brъkaaše	*brъkaaše	—	*brъkaji	*brъkaji
Dual	*brъkaaxově	*brъkaašeta	*brъkaašete	*brъkajivě	*brъkajita	—
Plural	*brъkaaxomъ	*brъkaašete	*brъkaaxǫ	*brъkajimъ	*brъkajite	—

Related terms

*brъsati (“to wipe, to shave”)
*brysati (“to erase”)
*brukati (“to strike down; to despise”)

Derived terms

*zabrъkati (“to prepare a mixture”)
*orzbrъkati (“to stir up”)
*pobrъkati (“to drive (s.o.) mad”)
*brъknǫti (“to shove, to jostle”)
*brъkadlъka (“stirrer (tool), paddle”)
*brъkačь (“stirrer (agent)”)
*brъčьka (“wrinkle”)
*brъčiti (“to corrugate”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Belarusian: бры́каць (brýkacʹ)
- Russian: брока́ть (brokátʹ) (dialectal)
- Ukrainian: брика́ти (brykáty)

South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: бъ́ркам (bǎ́rkam)
- Macedonian: брка (brka)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: бр́кати
  
  Latin: bŕkati
- Slovene: bŕkati
West Slavic:
- Czech: brkati
- Polish: brykać
- Slovak: bŕkať

References

Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1976), “*brъkati”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 03, Moscow: Nauka, page 53
Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “брока́ть”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress

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